【超级精品】2015年高考第一轮总复习英语全套学案讲义（教师版）-选修七Unit4Publictransport.doc

(2009天津高考)假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李华。学生会将举办每年一度的英语演讲比赛，本年度的主题为“The English Novel I Like Best”。作为组织者，你将在演讲比赛开幕时发言，请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇发言稿。1.说明比赛的意义，如提高英语听说能力，养成读书的习惯等；2.说明比赛的注意事项，如每人演讲不超过5分钟，语言流利，发音准确等；3.预祝比赛圆满成功。 注意：1.词数不少于100； 2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯； 3.发言稿的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Good afternoon，ladies and gentlemen， Welcome to this years English speech competition.Thank you！Good afternoon，ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to this years English speech competiton.The topic is “The English Novel I Like Best”.This activity is aimed at improving the students ability of listening and speaking，and helping the students develop the habit of reading good books to benefit their imagination and creativity. Every competitor should pay attention to the following requirements.First，each speech is limited within 5 minutes.Second，every competitor should speak fluent English with correct pronunciation.Third，while giving the English speech，one is not allowed to refer to the notes or read the speech.Therefore，all the competitors must be fully prepared to give the best performance.Finally，I wish this years English speech competition a great success. Thank you！.高频单词点击1.The heavy traffic crawled through the (窄的) tunnel.2.You cant work here without a work (许可证).3.My mother bought a (十二个) eggs.4.I (瞄准) at the target but hit the wall.5.They (使困惑)me with conflicting accounts of what happened.narrowpermitdozenaimedconfused6.The level of inflation has gone (超出) 8%.7.A new crisis has (出现).8.Some experts in this field think this helps make the system more (方便使用的).9.Nothing will be done because no one in (权力， 权威) takes the matter seriously.10.He can expect an early (释放)from prison.beyondarisenuserfriendlyauthorityrelease.重点短语回顾1. 阻塞2. 连接，会合，联合3. 打折4. 希望5. 注意，注意到；关注6. 更好地利用7. 补偿，弥补8. 加速choke offlink up at a discountin the hope that.take notice ofmake better use ofmake up forspeed up9. 冲掉，冲垮，冲走10. 正修理中，在修建中11. 乘渡轮，乘渡船13. 由引起，由产生，起源于14. 目的是，旨在，针对wash away under repairby ferry12. 除之外，包括arise frombe aimed at 15. 两个，两三个，几个a couple ofin addition to.常用佳句必备1.As more advanced ways of digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.信息提取as 在此处作连词，引导的是一个时间状语从句，意为“随着，正当的时候”。例句仿写正当他过马路时，我看见了他。I saw him he the road.aswas crossing2.What do you think it was like travelling on it 100 years ago？信息提取本句是带有插入语“do you think”的混合疑问句。例句仿写你猜是谁把窗户打破了？Who broke the window？do you guess3.Not knowing which line to take，she turned to me for help.信息提取该句使用了现在分词“not knowing”作原因状语。例句仿写他没有找到钱包，不敢回家去。 ，he dare not go home.Not having found the wallet4.The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased greatly over the past year.信息提取与“over the past 时间”状语连用的谓语动词常用现在完成时。例句仿写这几年来房价几乎涨了一倍。The price of housing virtually over the past few years.hasdoubled5.破解疑难句.交际用语必背1.My brother could not decide the sum of money. 我的弟弟不能决定如何使用这笔钱。2.John， my project. 约翰，我做的项目，请你过目。how to spendhave a look at3.Please when you have time. 你有空发电子邮件给我。4.Please home early. 请提醒他早点回家。5.You it once in a while. 你需要隔一阵子就去检查一下。send me an emailremind him to comeneed to checkpermit vt. & vi.允许，准许，许可n.许可证；执照；通行证permitn./pron.许可，容许某事物permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事permission n.允许，许可with/without ones permission 在某人的准许下/未获得 的允许ask for permission 请求允许Father would not permit the waste of a single drop of water.爸爸不允许浪费一滴水。We do not in the room.我们不允许在屋里吸烟。I cant permit this to happen.我不能容许这事发生。They entered the area . 他们未经许可擅自进入此地。permit smokingwithout permission1.We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday， weather. A.permitted B.permitting C.to permit D.permit解析：weather permitting“天气允许的话”，此处为独立主格结构。答案：Bdozen n.一打，十二个；十几个，十来个；许多，好多与具体的数字或a，many，several 等词连用时，结构为num.(a，many，several)dozen(复数)n.。num.dozenofthese/those/the/ones(复数)n.。dozens of表示不限定量，不与具体的数字连用。He bought three dozen bottles of wine.他买了36瓶酒。I want these eggs. 我要五打这种鸡蛋。I went there dozens of times. 我去过那里几十次了。five dozen of2.Shortly after the accident twopolice were sent to the spot to keep order. A.dozen of B.dozens of C.dozen D.dozens解析：dozen和具体数字连用时，不加s，一般也不和of连用。答案：Caim n.目标；目的vi.目的是，打算；瞄准，对准vt.将瞄准；将指向achieve ones aim达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标take aim at. 向瞄准without aim 漫无目的地with the aim of 目的是，怀着的目的aim at对瞄准；目的在于；旨在be aimed at 目的是；旨在aim for 致力，努力追求In order to achieve this aim， we must learn from other countries.为了实现这个目标，我们必须向别的国家学习。 We talked to him persuading him. 我们和他谈话目的是想说服他。He does everything .他做事都漫无目的。These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。with the aim ofwithout aim3.It is reported that the government has lightened the burden on the students. Oh，today we are stillfrom heavy school workat preparing us for the entrance examination. A.suffering；aims B.suffered；aimed C.suffering；aimed D.suffered；aiming解析：suffer from“苦于，遭受”；由句子的时态可知第一个空应用现在分词形式；第二个空应用非谓语动词作定语。答案：Cconfuse vt.使糊涂，使困惑；使混乱；混淆(1)confuse A with/and B把A与B混confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj. (人感到)糊涂的，迷惑的be/get confused with 对感到困惑confusion n.不确定，困惑in confusion 迷惑地；困惑地； 处于混乱状态They asked so many questions that they confused me.他们问了许多问题， 都把我弄糊涂了。I always Australia Austria. 我总是把澳大利亚同奥地利弄混。The question is so hard， and were getting confused with it.这问题太难， 对此我们感到困惑。When the earthquake occurred，everything was .发生地震时，一切都乱作一团。confusewithin confusion4.There was alook on his face when he met with the problem. A.confusing；confuse B.confused；confusing C.confused；confused D.confusing；confused解析：句意：当他遇到这个令人迷惑的问题时他脸上有迷惑的表情。confused“感到迷惑的”，confusing“令人迷惑的”。答案：Bundertake vt.承担，担任；着手做，开始进行，从事undertake a task承担任务undertake an attack 发动进攻undertake to do sth. 答应，承诺做某事The lawyer undertook the case without a fee.这位律师免费承办那个案子。She undertook responsibility for the changes.她承担了这些变革的责任。He the job by Friday.他答应在星期五之前完成那项工作。undertook to finish5.The thirtystorey building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever . A.undergone B.overtaken C.understood D.undertaken解析：句意：这座三十层高的建筑是他们承接的最有挑战性的工程项目之一。undergo“经历”；overtake“超过，赶超”；understand“理解”；undertake“承担，从事”。D项符合句意。答案：Dbeyond prep.在之外，超出(某事物)范围，超越；迟于或超出(某一时间)adv.在远处，向远处；在另一边beyond belief/doubt/recognition 难以置信/毫无疑问/认不出来beyond description 无法形容beyond/out of ones reach 够不着，力所不及的beyond ones wildest dreams 做梦也想不到的beyond ones power 超出某人的能力beyond ones control 无法控制beyond ones comprehension 超出某人理解能力beyond compare 无与伦比They crossed the mountains and travelled to the valleys beyond. 他们越过群山， 到了那边的山谷。His story is . 他的话难以置信。 The play was dull beyond description.那场戏无聊得难以形容。The control of the children is going . 要管住孩子我实在无能为力。beyond beliefbeyond my power6.Can he take charge of the computer company？ Im afraid its his ability. A.beyond B.within C.of D.to解析：考查介词。句意：“他能负责这个电脑公司吗？”“恐怕这超出了他的能力”。be beyond“在远处，超出，非所能及”；be of常用在“be ofvalue，use等抽象名词”中。根据Im afraid这一信息可知下句否定了上句，故A项正确。答案：Aload n.负荷，负载；装载vt.装载take a load off ones mind 打消某人的顾虑carry a heavy load 负重载loads of(lots of)a load of 很多load up with 把装上load.with. 用装载load o/onto 把某物装入/上The good news has taken a load off my mind. 听了这个好消息我就放心了。 This car can carry a load of 1 ton. 这辆汽车能载1吨重。 They the cart rice. 他们把米装上大车。Please help me these cases the car.请帮助我把这些箱子装到汽车上。loaded with loadinto7.It was he who was under theof responsibility. A.burden B.load C.press D.control解析：由句意可知，说的是“他担负责任”，应用load。burden“重负，重担”；press“挤压”；control“控制”。答案：Btake notice of注意，注意到，关注Dont take any notice of what they say. 别去理会他们说些什么。take account of 考虑到，顾及take charge of 负责，掌管take control of 控制住，管住take ones chance 碰运气take pride in 为感到自豪The company takes account of environmental issues wherever possible.只要有可能，这家公司总是尽量考虑到环境问题。He the farm after his fathers death.父亲去世后，他掌管了农场。took charge of1.I hope youll takeof its absorption. A.notes B.notice C.attention D.notices解析：句意：我希望你要注意(留意)它的吸收。take notice of，take note of均表示“注意”。take notes of把记录下来。答案：Bmake up for补偿，弥补Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence.勤能补拙。He drove faster to make up for lost time.他加速驾驶以弥补损失的时间。make up，make up for(1)make up sth.指补上、补做耽误了的事情。(2)make up for sth.指用其他方式弥补，使平衡。以练促记用make up或make up for的正确形式填空Do you think her beauty could her stupidity？你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗？Because you were ill，you will have to the final exam.你在期末考试时生病了，所以你得补考。make up formake up2.I couldnt what he meant. A.make up B.make out C.make up for D.make of解析：句意：我不明白他的意思。make out“理解，明白，看出”。make up“编造，组成，补上，补做耽误了的事情”；make up for指用其他方式弥补，使平衡。答案：Bspeed up加速speed by(时间)很快地过去，飞逝be speeding 超速驾驶pick up/gain speed逐渐加速at top/full speed 以最高/全速at high/low speed 以高速/低速at a speed of. 以速度Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed.一出车站，火车就开始加速。More haste，less speed.欲速则不达。Forster was bundled into a waiting car and driven away .福斯特被匆匆塞进一辆等候着的汽车，接着车以全速开走了。at full speed3.(2010石家庄质检)Youd better fly somewhere in the west.Then you cana hire car and travel around. A.take up B.speed up C.pick up D.turn up解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：你最好乘飞机去西部，然后，租一辆汽车到各处观光。take up“拿起，占据，接受，继续”；speed up“加速”；pick up“捡起，学会，搭载”；turn up“出现，开大”。只有pick up符合语境。答案：CAs more advanced ways of digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.随着先进的挖掘隧道方法的改进，第一条在泰晤士河下的铁路隧道于1884年开始动工。此处as引导时间状语从句。As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着年纪增大，他除了园艺业，对什么都失去了兴趣。as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：(1)引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词的同时性。(2)引导让步状语从句，“尽管”，“虽然”，“即使”(倒装)。(3)引导方式状语从句，“以方式，按照”。(4)引导原因状语从句，“由于”，“因为”。(5)引导比较状语从句。(6)引导定语从句，“正如，正像”。Young as I am，I already know what career I want to follow.尽管我年轻，我已知道我要从事什么事业。Why didnt you catch the last bus ？你为什么没像我告诉你的赶最后一班公交车？As you were out，I left a message.你不在，所以我留了一张字条。as I told you to1.The chief believes that stupidDummy is， the name suggests，what he said makes perfect sense. A.though；which B.although；what C.as；as D.that；as解析：句意：老板认为正如他的名字所表明的那样，虽然他有点笨，但是他所说的话很有道理。由第一个空中的倒装可判断出，第一空应用as或though，可排除选项B、D；第二个空应用as，意为“正如”，as the name suggests是定语从句。答案：CNot knowing which line to take，she turned to me for help.由于不知道该走哪一条线，她向我求助。本句中not knowing.是现在分词短语作原因状语。分词在句中作状语时，除了表时间和原因外，还可以表示伴随、方式、结果、让步、条件等。 in the big city，he had to turn to a policeman for help.(原因)在大城市迷路了，他只好向警察求助。The old man had to make a living by selling newspapers to passersby.(方式)老人只能通过卖报给路过的行人谋生。The cup dropped to the ground， .(结果)杯子掉到地上，结果摔成了碎片。Working hard at your lessons，you will succeed.(条件)如果你努力学习，你考试就会及格。Having lost his waybreaking into pieces2.My sister，an inexperienced rider，was found sitting on the bicycleto balance it. A.having tried B.trying C.to try D.tried解析：考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。句意：我的妹妹是一个毫无经验的骑手，她被发现骑在自行车上，努力保持平衡。trying to balance it作sitting on the bicycle的伴随状语，表示主动与进行。答案：B.用所给词的适当形式填空1.My teacher found the(steal)bike beside the river.答案：stolen2.The bridge (build)now will be completed by the end of this year.答案：being built过去分词和现在分词3.(realize)he was in danger，he was very frightened.答案：Realizing4.The film was really (excite).答案：exciting5.(live)in London for two years，we got used to the life there.答案：Having lived.单项填空1.(2010杭州教学检测)Michael knew he would certainly get if he was late home. A.shout at B.to shout at C.shouted at D.to be shouted at解析：句意：Michael知道如果他回家晚肯定会遭到指责的。故用“get过去分词”结构。答案：C2.(2010杭州教学检测)We spent 16 glorious days in August,2008the athletes joys and tears，and we were amazed at their ability. A.shared B.to share C.sharing D.share解析：现在分词作状语表伴随。答案：C3.for an hour，I suddenly remembered not having turned off the gas. A.Working B.Having worked C.To work D.Having been worked解析：考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意：工作了一个小时以后，我突然记起还没有关煤气。根据句意，此非谓语动词的动作先于谓语动词的动作，可用现在分词完成式或完成进行式。故选B。答案：B4.A harmonious society is like a symphony of orchestraeach person contributes a small sound，but when with other sounds，it becomes beautiful music. A.combining B.being combined C.combined D.to be combined解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。when后省略了it(a small sound)is，所以要用过去分词表被动。答案：C5. Having finished the work，. A.it was almost six oclock B.a postman came and delivered the evening paper and some letters C.supper had been already prepared D.we had a rest and then had supper解析：现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。答案：D6.that she was going off to sleep，I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed. A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen解析：考查分词作状语。句意：看到她要去睡觉，我问她是否喜欢床上的玩具娃娃。此处要用现在分词作时间状语，它与主语I是主动关系。不定式位于句首通常作目的状语，不合题意。答案：A7.With more and more new drugs，doctors dont find it that difficult to treat patients. A.develop B.developed C.to develop D.being developed解析：句意：有越来越多的新药开发出来了，所以医生发现治疗病人并不是那么困难。此处要用过去分词作宾补，表示被动与完成。C项表示将来；D项表示正在进行，这两项都与句意不符。答案：B8.A driver is asked to keep his safety beltwhileon the highway. A.fastened； driving B.fastened； drive C.fasten ；driving D.fastening ；driving解析：句意：司机在行驶时被要求系上安全带。第一个空用过去分词作宾补，与宾语safety belt是动宾关系，构成“keep宾语宾补”句式；第二个空用现在分词driving放在连接词while后面，与主语是主动关系，且与主句谓语动词是同时进行。答案：A.用所给词的适当形式填空1. English，he has to study French.答案：In addition to2.I bought a ticket and rode the underground four times.答案：at a discountin addition to，at a discount，arise from，make up for， speed up，in the hope that3.I thought I could have a relaxing weekend toall my hard work.答案：make up for4.Can we begin by disc