高考英语一轮复习 Unit4《Wildlife protection》精品学案 新人教版必修2.doc

2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：unit4wildlife protection（新人教版必修2）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1 contain vt. 包含 ；容纳；克制强烈的感情；抑制 orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.橘子汁里含有有益于健康的东西。 this bottle contains two glasses of beer.这个瓶子可容纳两瓶啤酒 she was too angry to contain herself.她气急了，无法控制自己。 many people like tennis ,including me/me included. 许多人喜欢网球，也包括我/我也在内2. affect vt.1）影响，侵袭；相当于have an effect on 但多指一些负面影响。the disease is beginning to affect her brain. 疾病逐渐侵袭他的大脑 2）使感动，激起（悲伤、愤怒爱等情绪）we are deeply affected by his devotion to work. 他对工作的奉献令我们深深感动【点拨】辨析affect、effect、influenceaffect vt.表示“影响，（病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影响，即“使-感动” effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果，常用于have an effect on对有影响 in effect正在实行；实际上 side effect副作用 take effect开始实行；开始生效 without effect没有效果 come into effect生效，实施 bring/carry sth into effect使生效 be of no effect 无效果的等短语中。influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响the book had a great influence on his life. 这本书对他的人生影响很大。 he is, in effect, my rival. 实际上他是我的竞争对手。【即境活用】 sichuan province _by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the post-festival road transport. awere affectedbwas affectedchad effecteddhas affected【解析】b 考查表示影响意义的词的辨析。affect 为动词，意思是“影响；感动”；effect为名词，意思是“影响；效果”。按照句意选择b。3 appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到 her boss appreciated her talents very much.她的老板非常赏识她的才干。 i appreciate your kind words.我很感激你好心的安慰。 i would appreciate it if you can take care of my dog.如果你能帮忙照顾一下我的小狗，我会不胜感激。 我们没有意识到他的病情严重。4 succeed vi。成功；继承vt。 接替 ；继任 he succeeded in getting a place at art school.他被艺术学校录取了。 youll have to work hard if you sre to succeed.要想有所作为，你必须苦干。his eldest son succeeded to the title after he died. 他死后，他的大儿子继承了爵位。 nothing succeeds like success. （谚语）一顺百顺，一通百通。5 harm vt & n 损害，危害 the dog seems fierce ,but it wont harm anyone.这条狗看上去很凶，但它不会伤害任何人。 fruit juices can be harmful to childrens teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。 he may say no ,but there is no harm in asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。【重点短语】1. die out灭绝；（风俗、习惯等）逐渐消失，消灭 its well-known that the custom has died out. 众所周知这种风俗已经消失啦。many animals have died out in the past在过去几年间，许多动物都灭绝了【点拨】辨析 die from, die of, die out, die away, die down, die offdie from 表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过渡劳累，饮食过渡等。he died from the wound last year. 他去年死于枪伤die of 表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素。he died of the hunger. 他死于贫穷饥饿。die out “灭绝，消失”。多指物种的灭绝或风俗、习惯的消失，强调动作的结束。this kind of plant has already died out. 这种植物已经绝种die away慢慢消失。（多指声音、光线、风等）逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失。强调过程the wind had died away by dusk. 黄昏时分风停了die down （多指火、兴奋、光线、暴风雨等）逐渐变弱、平息，逐渐暗淡，逐渐降低。表示过程，常可与die away 替换the flames finally died down.（也可用die away）火焰越来越小，最后熄灭了die off （多指家族、草木）相继死去，先后死亡the leaves of this plant are dying off. 这植物的叶子正在凋落。【即境活用】unfortunately, the soldier died_ a wound in the chess.a. from b. out c. off d. down【解析】a 考查die的短语搭配辨析。按照句意此处soldier死的原因应该是枪伤。2. protectfrom 保护-免受-后接较小的事情或危害，例如：frost, harm, catching coldyou must learn to protect yourself from the danger. 你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。【拓展延伸】protectagainst后接较大的事情，如战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。keep sb from doing sth, prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事keep sb doing sth使某人一直干某事 defendfrom/against保卫以抵御【点拨】kept-from-的from在任何情况下都不省略；prevent/stop-from的from可以省略，但在被动句式中不能省略。【点拨】辨析defend, protect, guard，preserve。defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard 含有看守的意思；preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。she had to defend herself against the guard dog.她不得不防备看门狗咬她a policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy.一位警察正看守大使馆出口处。it is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序【即境活用】use the umbrella to_ yourself from the rain.a. prevent b. protect c. defend d. protection【解析】b 考查动词辨析。prevent sb from doing sth防止某人干某事，意思类似于stop/keep sb from doing sth；protect sb from sth保护某人免遭伤害；defend保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。答案为b。3. come into being 形成；产生 we dont exactly know when the universe came into being. 我们不确定宇宙是何时形成的。 long skirts have come into fashion again . 长裙又时兴起来了。 when do the new regulations come into force?新规章什么时候开始执行？【重点句型】1. she turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。此句可改成：she turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face.“with a sad face looking at her” 为with的复合结构，即with +名词、代词（介词宾语）+v.-ing（宾补）。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为：with +宾语+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do）作伴随状语或定语【即境活用】with some students _（follow） behind , he came in.with a lot of thing _ （solve）, the new boss worried a lot.答案：following; to solve2. they lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being. 千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。 it wont be long before he goes abroad.不久之后他就要出国 the result of the exam will come out before long. 考试结果不久就会出来。 i had heard of him long before i came here . 早在我来这儿很久以前我就听说过他的情况【热点难点全析】现在进行时态的被动语态1. 概念：表示一个被动的动作正在发生或进行，强调主语是动作的承受者。2用法：基本句型am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词用法表示说话瞬间正在进行的被动动作表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但该词在说话的瞬间未必正在进行表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always, constantly等词连用，一般带有赞扬，羡慕，埋怨，讨厌等感情色彩。现在进行时态的被动语态可和情态动词连用表示说话者对正在发生的被动行为的推测she is always being praised by the teacher. 她总是得到老师的表扬the patient must be being examined. 病人一定是正在接受检查【点拨】注意不可遗漏being; 注意不可忽视现阶段；注意现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来（仅限于按照计划、安排将要进行的动作）； a party is being held tonight. 今晚将要举行一场晚会。4. 注意没有现在进行时的被动语态的动词；一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词，一般不用现在进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态。marry, you are wanted on the phone. 玛丽，有你的电话。注意be+under/in等介词+n.结构，可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义the bridge is under construction(is being constructed). 这座桥正在建设中the telephone is in use. 这部电话正在使用。【典型例题】1. with more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year. a. is washing away b. is being washed away c. are washing away d. are being washed away【解析】d 考查现在进行时的被动语态。本句意为：更多的森林正在被毁掉，因此每年有大量的好土正在被冲走。wash away与earth之间的是被动关系，应用现在进行时态的被动语态，huge quantities of good earth为复数概念，所以b不对2. a new cinema _ here. they hope to finish it next month.a. will be built b. is built c. has been built d. is being built【解析】d考查现在进行时的被动语态。根据 “they hope to finish it next month” 判断，新电影院尚未竣工，应该正在建设之中，故使用现在进行时的被动语态【语法专练】1.-is wang wei in the managers office now？ -yes, he _by the manager. a. is questioned b. is being questioned c. has been questioned d. was questioned2. im sorry,sir. your shirt isnt ready yet. it_in the tailors shop. a. is mended b. is being mended c. has been mended d. hasnt mended3. tigers_and killed at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in near future. a. hunted b. are hunted c. are being hunted d. had been hunted4. -where can i get your new novel? -im sorry, but it _ and will soon come out. a. has printed b. has been printing c. is printed d. is being printed5. -excuse me, what time is it now? -sorry, my watch_. it _at the shop. a. isnt work; is being repaired b. doesnt work; is being repaired c. isnt working; is repaired d. doesnt work; is repaired答案：15 bbcdb【高考零距离】1（2012安徽卷i t35）after school we went to the reading-room to do some reading,only to be told that it .a. was decorated b. had decoratedc. had been decorating d. was being decorated 选择d. it 指代 the reading-room,所以只能用被动，考虑到only to be told 表示结果，所以选择d是自然地了2（2011全国卷i t24）i wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite.awas just being b. will just bechad just been d. would just be【解析】选a。考查时态。句意：我不能确定他是否真感兴趣还是出于礼貌。根据句子结构可以判断两个if引导的从句是并列关系，所以两个从句中的时态应一致。故用一般过去时。3.（2010上海卷t31）the church tower which will be open to tourists soon. the work is almost finished. a. has restored b. has been restored c. is restoring d. is being restored【解析】选d。本题考查被动语态。restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选d.4.（2010天津卷t10）traditional folk arts of tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 shanghai world expo.a. are exhibiting b. is exhibiting c. are being exhibited d. is being exhibited【解析】选c. 考查被动语态。句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。因为2010年上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。5.（2009北京t23）scientists have many theories about how the universe _ into being.a. came b. was comingc. had come d. would come【解析】选a。考查时态的用法。宇宙是如何形成的，因为宇宙的形成这个动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时来表示已经发生的动作。6.（2009湖北卷t30） his efforts to raise money for his program were _ because, no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. a. in place b. in sight c. in effect d. in vain 【解析】选d. 考查介词短语。根据下文no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets可知为集资做出的努力都白费了，应选择in vain。in place“和平地”，in sight“在视程内”，in effect“实际上”。7.（2009江苏卷t30） this special school accepts all disabled students, _ educational level and background.a. according to b. regardless of c. in addition to d. in terms of【解析】选b according to 根据 regardless of 不管，不顾 in addition to 另外 in terms of 就.而言.这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生,不管他们的教育水平和背景如何.8. （2009全国卷it35） now that weve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?a. taking b. take c. takend. to take【解析】选c。考查with +宾语+宾语补足语的用法。句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题,是人们最满意的决定？ take 与the decisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。【考点提升训练】一、听力（略）二、单项选择21.(2012甘肃省高三第一次高考诊断)18-sorry, sir, your car isnt ready yetit _ by our workers - oh, my god, when can i come to fetch it?ais repaired bhas been repaired cis being repaired dwill be repaired22.（2012届北京海淀区高三一模）28. jonny, i cant believe how much you have changed! you _ at least one foot! a. grow b. grew c. have grown d. are growing23. most children need encouragement in time of failure _ they can cheer up again. a. so that b. in case c. because d. if 世纪金24. - its a long time _ i saw you last. - yes, and what a pity it is now that it will be a long time _ we see each other again. a. before; since b. since; when c. since; before d. when; before25. the same color can _ different meanings in different countries. a. respond to b. correspond withc. correspond to d. respond in26. my sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it. a. on behalf ofb. in memory ofc. in favor ofd. in search of27. _ the latest estimates, insects account for probably 4 to 6 million of the species of creatures living on the planet.a. owing to b. according to c. in spite of d. in case of28. when you go out now, you should wear sunglasses to_your eyes from the strong sunlight. a. present b. keep c. stop d. protect29. we cant figure out why quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are_. a. dying out b. dying away c. dying down d. dying off30. the novel “the da vinci code” a great success and was translated into 44 languages in 2004. aappreciatedbenjoyed cwondseized31. most children need encouragement in time of failure _ they can cheer up again.a. so that b. in case c. because d. if32. the boy dived into the water and after _ seemed to be a long time, he came up again. a. what b. that c. it d. which33. sometimes the police are not absolutely sure that someone has committed a crime, but _ him of having done it.a. charge b. suspect c. inspect d. doubt34. id appreciate _ if you could come and help me once more and i always appreciate _ me with my english in the past. a. this; you to helpb. that; your helpingc. it; you to helpd. it; your helping35. your grandfather is always full of _ . whats the secret? playing taiji every morning. a. taste b. energy c. relief d. credit三、完形填空the amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36 springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 37 areas like the desert. the control is possible even without possession of large areas of 38 land. in the early days of the american west, gun fights were not 39 for the water resources (资源). and laws had to be 40 to protect the water rights of the 41 and the use of the water resources accordingly. 42 is known to us all, there is not 43 water in all places for everyone to use as much as he likes. deciding on the 44 of water that will be used in any particular period45 careful planning, so that people can manage and use water more 46 . farmers have to change their use of or demand for water 47 the water supply forecast (预报). the 48 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 49 than from the below. interest is 50 in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods, and to get water from the winter snow on mountain 51 . with special equipment, some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be 52 , and with the help of a repeater station, they send the 53 data (数据) to the base station. the operator at the base station can get the data at any time by 54 a button. in the near future, the forecast and use of water 55 probably depend on the advance knowledge of snow on mountains, not of water underground. 36. a. using b. holding c. owning d. finding37. a. dry b. distant c. deserted d. wild38. a. fine b. beautiful c. rich d. farming39. a. unlawful b. unacceptable c. unpopular d. uncommon40. a. made b. designed c. signed d. written41. a. winners b. settlers c. fighters d. supporters42. a. that b. it c. what d. as43. a. plentiful b. enough c. any d. much44. a. type b. quality c. amount d. level45. a. requests b. requires c. means d. suggests46. a. effectively b. easily c. conveniently d. actively47. a. leading to b. due to c. owing to d. according to48. a. correct b. further c. average d. early49. a. clouds b. sky c. air d. above50. a. raising b. rising c. building d. lasting51. a. rocks b. tips c. tops d. trees52. a. taken care of b. made use of c. piled up d. saved up53. a. picked b. produced c. used d. gathered54. a. touching b. knocking c. pressing d. turning55. a. might b. can c. will d. should四、阅读理解aitalian lakes and greek islands（ 12days ）prices starting from $1,999your tour begins in milan, italy, and moves on to the pretty italian lake district and the attractive resort（胜地）of stresa, your home for two nights. collette vacations has carefully chosen the costa victoria as your home away from home for your 7-night journey along the waterways of the mediterranean. the cruise ship is filled with the warmth and culture of italy and is richly designed with entertainment areas and very good living conditions. it will take you to the places of your dreams. youll spend 4 days touring greek cities youve always heard about. in katakolon, you will have the only unguided tour to nearby olympia on the whole journey. then with a local guide you will visit the greek islands of santorini, which is often related to the story of the lost city of atlantis, and mykonos, a wonderful island with beautiful beaches. your journey ends in verona, home of the love story romeo and juliet, with a fun-filled farewell dinnera perfect ending to a pleasant journey. 12 day, 25 meals:10 breakfasts, 6 lunches, 9 dinnersday 1 overnight flight to italyday 2-3 regina palace, stresa, italyday 4-10 costa victoria（costa cruises）day 11 hotel leopardi, verona, italyday 12 leave for homeplease note:leaving dateprice for one personapril 7$2,099june 2$2,199october 6$2,099november 3$1,99956. how is the journey planned?a. it starts and ends in italy. b. it starts and ends in greece. c. it starts in italy and ends in greece. d. it starts in greece and ends in italy. 57. what can be inferred from the travel plan?a. the price may get lower than those in the plan. b. the prices include three meals a day. c. the price is the highest in summer. d. the prices include entertainment service. 58. what does the underlined part “the costa victoria” most probably refer to? a. a famous hotel. b. a beautiful resort. c. a comfortable ship. d. a long-distance bus. bmelissa poe was 9 years old when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then president bush. through her on efforts, her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated billboards (广告牌)across the country. the response to her request for help was so huge that poe established kids for a cleaner environment (kids f.a.c.e.) in 1989. there are now 300,000 members of kids f.a.c.e. worldwide and it is the worlds largest youth environmental organization. poe has also asked the national park service to carry out a “childrens forest” project in every national park. in 1992, she was invited one of only six children in the world to speak at the earth summit in brazil as part of the voices of the future program. in 1993, she was given a caring award