Java开发人员的十大戒律.doc

Java开发人员的十大戒律Java寮鍙戜汉鍛樼殑鍗佸鎴掑緥瀵笿ava寮鍙戣呮潵璇达紝鏈夎澶氱殑鏍囧噯鍜屾渶浣冲疄璺点傛湰鏂囧垪涓句簡姣忎竴涓紑鍙戜汉鍛樺繀椤婚伒浠庣殑鍗佸鍩烘湰娉曞垯锛涘鏋滄湁浜嗗彲浠伒浠庣殑瑙勫垯鑰屼笉閬典粠锛岄偅涔堝皢瀵艰嚧鐨勬槸鍗佸垎鎮叉儴鐨勭粨灞銆?1锛? 鍦綘鐨勪唬鐮侀噷鍔犲叆娉噴姣忎釜浜洪兘鐭亾杩欑偣锛屼絾涓嶇煡浣曟晠蹇樿浜嗛伒瀹堛傜畻涓绠楁湁澶氬皯娆綘鈥滃繕璁扳濅簡娣诲姞娉噴锛熻繖鏄簨瀹烇細娉噴瀵圭搴忓湪鍔熻兘涓婃病鏈夊疄璐殑璐尞銆備絾鏄紝浣犻渶瑕佷竴娆張涓娆殑鍥炲埌浣犱袱涓鎷滀箣鍓嶅啓鐨勪唬鐮佷笂鏉紝鍙兘涓杈堝瓙閮芥槸杩欐牱锛屼綘涓瀹氳涓嶄綇杩欎簺浠爜涓轰粈涔堜細杩欐牱銆傚鏋滆繖浜涗唬鐮佹槸浣犵殑锛屼綘杩樻瘮杈冪殑骞歌繍銆傚洜涓哄畠鏈夊彲鑳借浣犲洖蹇嗚捣銆備絾鏄笉骞哥殑鏄紝寰堝鏃堕棿锛岃繖浜涗唬鐮佹槸鍒汉鐨勶紝鑰屼笖寰堟湁鍙兘浠栧凡缁忕寮浜嗗叕鍙搞?2锛? 涓嶈璁簨鎯呭鏉傚寲鎴戜互鍓嶅氨杩欎箞骞茶繃锛岃屼笖鎴戠浉淇墍鏈夌殑浜洪兘杩欎箞骞茶繃銆傚紑鍙戜汉鍛樺父甯镐负涓涓畝鍗曠殑闂鑰屾彁鍑轰竴涓鍐虫柟妗堛傛垜浠负浠呬粎鍙湁5涓敤鎴风殑搴旂敤鑰屽紩鍏JBs銆傛垜浠负涓涓簲鐢娇鐢鏋惰屽畠鏍规湰涓嶉渶瑕併傛垜浠姞鍏睘鎬枃浠讹紝闈悜瀵硅薄鐨勮鍐虫柟妗堬紝鍜岀嚎绋嬪埌搴旂敤涓紝浣嗘槸瀹冩牴鏈笉闇瑕佽繖浜涖備负浠涔堟垜浠繖鏍峰仛锛熸垜浠腑鐨勪竴浜涗汉鏄洜涓轰笉鐭亾鎬庝箞鍋氭洿濂斤紝浣嗘槸杩樻湁涓浜涗汉杩欐牱鍋氱殑鐩殑鏄负浜嗗涔犳柊鐨勭煡璇嗭紝浠庤屼娇寰楄繖涓簲鐢浜庢垜浠嚜宸辨潵璇村仛寰楁瘮杈冩湁瓒?3锛? 鐗墷璁颁綇鈥斺斺滃皯鍗虫槸澶氾紙less is more锛夆濆苟涓嶆案杩滄槸濂界殑浠爜鐨勬晥鐜囨槸涓浼熷鐨勪簨鎯咃紝浣嗘槸鍦緢澶氭儏鍐典笅锛屽啓鏇村皯鐨勪唬鐮佽骞朵笉鑳芥彁楂樿浠爜鐨勬晥鐜囥傝璁垜鍚戜綘灞曠涓涓畝鍗曠殑渚嬪瓙銆?if(newStatusCode.equals(SD) & (sellOffDate = null 娄 娄 todayDpareTo(sellOffDate) 0) 娄 娄 (newStatusCode.equals(OBS) & (OBSDate = null 娄 娄 todayDpareTo(OBSDate) 0) newStatusCode = NYP;鎴戞兂闂竴鍙細璇村嚭涓婇潰鐨勯偅娈典唬鐮佺殑 if鏉欢鎯冲共浠涔堝鏄撳悧锛熺幇鍦紝鎴戜滑鍐嶆潵鍋囪鏃犺鏄皝鍐欏嚭杩欐浠爜锛岃屾病鏈夐伒浠庣涓鏉鍒欌斺斿湪浣犵殑浠爜閲屽姞鍏敞閲娿?濡傛灉鎴戜滑鎶婅繖涓潯浠跺垎鍒颁袱涓嫭绔嬬殑if闄堣堪鍙腑锛岄毦閬撲笉鏄洿绠鍗曚竴浜涘悧锛熺幇鍦紝鑰冭檻涓嬮潰鐨勪慨姝唬鐮侊細if(newStatusCode.equals(SD) & (sellOffDate = null 娄 娄 todayDpareTo(sellOffDate) 0) newStatusCode = NYP;else if(newStatusCode.equals(OBS) & (OBSDate = null 娄 娄 todayDpareTo(OBSDate) 0) newStatusCode = NYP;闅鹃亾瀹冧笉鏄湁浜嗘洿濂界殑鍙鎬紵鏄殑锛屾垜浠噸澶嶄簡闄堣堪鏉欢銆傛槸鐨勶紝鎴戜滑澶氬嚭浜嗕竴涓浣欑殑鈥淚F鈥濆拰涓澶氫綑鐨勬嫭寮備絾鏄唬鐮佹湁浜嗘洿濂界殑鍙鎬拰鍙悊瑙?4锛? 璇蜂笉瑕佹湁纭唬鐮?寮鍙戜汉鍛樺父甯告湁鎰忚瘑鐨勫繕璁版垨鑰呭拷瑙嗚繖鏉鍒欙紝鍘熷洜鏄垜浠紝鍜屼竴鑸椂鍊欎竴鏍凤紝鍦刀鏃堕棿銆傚鏋滄垜浠伒浠庤繖鏉鍒欙紝鎴戜滑鍙兘浼氳刀涓嶄笂杩涘害銆傛垜浠彲鑳戒笉鑳界粨鏉熸垜浠殑褰撳墠鐘舵併備絾鏄啓涓鏉澶栫殑瀹氫箟闈欐佸父閲忕殑浠爜琛屽張鑳借姳璐规垜浠灏戞椂闂村憿锛?杩欓噷鏈変竴涓緥瀛愩? public class A public static final String S_CONSTANT_ABC = ABC; public boolean methodA (String sParam1) if(A.S_CONSTANT_ABC.equalsIgnoreCase (sParam1) return true; return false; 鐜板湪锛屾瘡涓娆垜浠渶瑕佸拰鏌愪竴浜涘彉閲忔瘮杈冨瓧绗覆 鈥淎BC鈥濈殑鏃跺欙紝鎴戜滑鍙渶瑕佸紩鐢_CONSTANT_ABC锛岃屼笉鏄浣忓疄闄呯殑浠爜鏄粈涔堛傚畠杩樻湁涓涓澶勬槸锛氭洿鍔犲鏄撳湪涓涓湴鏂逛慨鏀瑰父閲忥紝鑰屼笉鏄湪鎵鏈夌殑浠爜涓鎵捐繖涓唬鐮併?5锛? 涓嶈鍙戞槑浣犺嚜宸辩殑frameworks宸茬粡鎺嚭浜嗗嚑鍗冪frameworks锛岃屼笖瀹冧滑涓殑澶鏁版槸寮婧愮殑銆傝繖浜沠rameworks涓棿鏈夊緢澶氭槸鏋佸鐨勮鍐虫柟妗堬紝琚簲鐢埌鎴愬崈涓婁竾鐨勫簲鐢腑銆備綘浠渶瑕佽窡涓婅繖浜涙柊frameworks鐨勬浼愶紝鏈璧风爜鏄偆娴呯殑銆傚湪杩欎簺鏋佸鐨勩佸簲鐢箍娉涚殑frameworks涓棿锛屼竴涓渶濂界殑銆佹渶鐩存帴鐨勪緥瀛愭槸 Struts銆傚湪浣犳墍鑳芥兂璞埌鐨刦rameworks涓紝杩欎釜寮婧愮殑web frameworks瀵逛簬鍩轰簬web鐨勫簲鐢槸涓涓畬缇庣殑鍊欓夎呫備絾鏄綘蹇呴璁颁綇绗簩鏉鍒欌斺斾笉瑕佽浜嬫儏澶嶆潅鍖栥傚鏋滀綘寮鍙戠殑搴旂敤鍙湁涓変釜椤甸潰鈥旇锛屼笉瑕佷娇鐢truts锛屽浜庤繖鏍蜂竴涓簲鐢紝娌湁浠涔堚滄帶鍒垛濊姹傜殑銆?6锛? 涓嶈鎵撳嵃琛屽拰瀛楃涓茬浉鍔?鎴戠煡閬擄紝涓轰簡璋冭瘯鐨勭洰鐨勶紝寮鍙戜汉鍛樺枩娆湪姣忎竴涓垜浠涓洪傚悎鐨勫湴鏂规坊鍔燬ystem.out.println锛岃屼笖鎴戜滑浼氬鎴戜滑鑷繁璇达紝浼氬湪浠悗鍒犳帀杩欎簺浠爜鐨勩備絾鏄垜浠父甯稿繕鎺夊垹鍘昏繖浜涗唬鐮佽锛屾垨鑰呮垜浠牴鏈氨涓嶆兂鍒犳帀瀹冧滑銆傛垜浠娇鐢ystem.out.println鏉祴璇曪紝褰撴垜浠祴璇曞畬鎴愪互鍚庯紝涓轰粈涔堟垜浠繕鑳芥帴瑙埌瀹冧滑鍛紵鎴戜滑鍙兘鍒犳帀涓琛屾垜浠疄闄呴渶瑕佺殑浠爜锛屼粎浠呮槸鍥犱负浣犱綆浼颁簡System.out.println鎵甯潵鐨勪激瀹筹紝鑰冭檻涓嬮潰鐨勪唬鐮侊細public class BadCode public static void calculationWithPrint() double someValue = 0D; for (int i = 0; i 10000; i+) System.out.println(someValue = someValue + i); public static void calculationWithOutPrint() double someValue = 0D; for (int i = 0; i 10000; i+) someValue = someValue + i; public static void main(String n) BadCode.calculationWithPrint(); BadCode.calculationWithOutPrint();鍦笅闈殑琛牸涓紝浣犺兘澶熺湅鍒癱alculationWithOutPrint()鏂规硶鐨勮繍琛岃姳浜?.001204绉掋傜浉姣旇緝鑰岃锛岃繍琛宑alculationWithPrint()鏂规硶鑺变簡浠汉鎯婅鐨?0.52绉掋?锛堝鏋滀綘涓嶇煡閬撴庝箞寰楀埌涓涓儚杩欐牱鐨勮鏍硷紝璇峰弬闃呮垜鐨勬枃绔犫淛ava Profiling with WSAD鈥?Java Profiling with WSAD锛?閬垮厤杩欐牱涓涓狢PU娴垂鐨勬渶濂芥柟娉曟槸寮曞叆涓涓寘瑁呭櫒鏂规硶锛屽氨璞笅闈繖鏍?public class BadCode public static final int DEBUG_MODE = 1; public static final int PRODUCTION_MODE = 2; public static void calculationWithPrint(int logMode) double someValue = 0D; for (int i = 0; i BadCode.DEBUG_MODE) return; System.out.println (value); public static void main(String n) BadCode.calculationWithPrint(BadCode.PRODUCTION_MODE); 鍦笅闈殑鍥句腑锛屼綘灏嗙湅鍒帮紝浣跨敤浜哠tringBuffer鐨勯偅涓柟娉曞彧鑺变簡0.01 绉掓潵鎵锛岃岄偅涓娇鐢簡瀛楃涓茬浉鍔犵殑鏂规硶鍗磋姳浜?.08绉掓潵杩愯銆傞夋嫨鏄樉鑰屾槗瑙佺殑銆?7锛? 鍏虫敞GUI涓嶇杩欏惉璧锋潵鏈夊涔堝彲绗戯紝鎴戦兘瑕佸啀涓夊湴璇存槑锛欸UI瀵逛簬鍟嗕笟瀹埛鏉鍜屽姛鑳藉拰鎬兘涓鏍烽噸瑕併侴UI鏄竴涓垚鍔熺殑绯荤粺鐨勫繀瑕佺殑涓閮垎銆傦紙浣嗘槸锛夛紝IT鏉傚織甯稿父鍊惧悜浜庡拷瑙咷UI鐨勯噸瑕佹傚緢澶氭満鏋勪负浜嗙渷閽辫屼笉闆囩敤閭簺鍦璁滅敤鎴峰弸濂解滸UI鏂归潰鏈変赴瀵岀粡楠岀殑璁捐浜哄憳銆侸ava寮鍙戜汉鍛樹笉寰椾笉渚濊禆浠栦滑鑷繁鐨?HTML鐭瘑锛屼絾鏄粬浠湪杩欐柟闈殑鐭瘑鍗佸垎鏈夐檺銆傛垜鐪嬪埌杩囧緢澶氳繖鏍风殑搴旂敤锛氬畠浠槸鈥滆绠楁満鍙嬪鈥濓紝鑰屼笉鏄滅敤鎴峰弸濂解濇垜寰堝皯寰堝皯鑳界湅鍒版湁寮鍙戜汉鍛樻棦绮鹃氳蒋浠跺紑鍙戯紝鍙堢簿閫欸UI寮鍙戙傚鏋滀綘鏄偅涓笉骞哥殑寮鍙戜汉鍛橈紝琚垎閰嶅幓寮鍙戠敤鎴锋帴鍙紝浣犲簲璇伒浠庝互涓嬬殑涓夋潯鍘熷垯锛?涓銆佷笉瑕侀噸澶嶅彂鏄庤疆瀛愩傚鎵炬湁鐩镐技鐢埛鎺彛闇姹傜殑宸茬粡瀛樺湪鐨勭郴缁熴?浜屻侀鍏堝垱寤轰竴涓師鍨嬨傝繖鏄潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑姝銆傚鎴峰枩娆湅鐪嬩粬浠皢瑕佸緱鍒颁粈涔堛傝繖瀵逛綘鏉涔熸槸寰堝鐨勶紝鍥犱负鍦綘鍏姏浠荡鑰屽仛鍑轰竴涓皢瑕佷娇鐢埛鐢熸皵鐨勭敤鎴锋帴鍙箣鍓嶏紝浣犲氨寰楀埌浜嗗畠浠殑鍙嶉銆?涓夈佹埓鐢埛鐨勫附瀛愩傛崲涓鍙瘽璇达紝绔欏湪鐢埛鐨勮瑙掓鏌簲鐢殑闇姹傘備緥濡傦紝涓涓荤粨椤甸潰鍒板簳瑕佷笉瑕佸垎椤点備綔涓轰竴涓蒋浠跺紑鍙戣咃紝浣犲惧悜浜庡湪涓涓郴缁熶腑蹇借鍒嗛锛屽洜涓鸿繖鏍蜂娇寰椾綘鏈夋瘮杈冨皯鐨勫紑鍙戝鏉傛備絾鏄紝杩欏浜庝粠涓涓敤鎴风殑瑙嗚鏉鍗翠笉鏄渶濂界殑瑙喅鏂规锛屽洜涓哄皬缁撶殑鏁版嵁灏嗕細鏈夋垚鐧句笂鍗冧釜鏁版嵁琛屻?8锛? 姘歌繙鍑嗗鏂囨。鍖栫殑闇姹?姣忎竴涓笟鍔渶姹傞兘蹇呴鏂囨。鍖栥傝繖鍙兘鍦竴浜涚璇濇晠浜嬮噷鎵嶈兘鎴愮湡锛屼絾鏄湪鐜板疄涓栫晫鍗翠笉鍙兘銆備笉绠椂闂村浜庝綘鐨勫紑鍙戞潵璇存槸澶氫箞绱揩锛屼篃涓嶇浜粯鏃湡椹笂灏辫鍒版潵锛屼綘姘歌繙閮藉繀椤绘竻妤氾紝姣忎竴涓笟鍔渶姹傛槸鏂囨。鍖栫殑銆?9锛? 鍗曞厓娴嬭瘯銆佸崟鍏冩祴璇曘佸崟鍏冩祴璇?鎴戝皢涓嶄細娣卞叆鍦拌璁哄摢浜涗粈涔堟槸鎶婁綘鐨勪唬鐮佽繘琛屽崟鍏冩祴璇曠殑鏈浣虫柟娉曠殑缁嗚妭闂銆傛垜灏嗚璇寸殑鏄崟鍏冩祴璇曞繀椤昏鍋氥傝繖鏄紪绋嬬殑鏈鍩烘湰鐨勬硶鍒欍傝繖鏄笂闈墍鏈夋硶鍒欎腑鏈涓嶈兘琚拷鐣殑涓涓傚鏋滀綘鐨勫悓浜嬭兘涓轰綘鐨勪唬鐮佸垱寤哄拰娴嬭瘯鍗曞厓娴嬭瘯锛岃繖鏄渶濂戒笉杩囩殑浜嬨備絾鏄鏋滄病鏈変汉涓轰綘鍋氳繖浜涗簨锛岄偅涔堜綘灏卞繀椤昏嚜宸卞仛銆傚湪鍒涘缓浣犵殑鍗曞厓娴嬭瘯璁垝鐨勬椂鍊欙紝閬典粠涓嬮潰鐨勮繖浜涜鍒欙細涓銆佸湪鍐欎唬鐮佷箣鍓嶅氨鍐欏崟鍏冩祴璇曠敤渚嬨?浜屻佸湪鍗曞厓娴嬭瘯閲屽啓娉噴銆?涓夈佹祴璇曚竴鍒囨墽琛屸渋nteresting鈥濆姛鑳界殑鍏湁鏂规硶锛堚渋nteresting鈥濈殑鎰忔濇槸闈瀞etters鎴杇etters鏂规硶锛岄櫎闈炲畠浠氳繃涓绉嶇壒娈婄殑鏂瑰紡鎵set鍜実et鏂规