高考英语一轮精品复习 Unit2 Robots学案 新人教版选修7.doc

2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：unit2 robots（新人教版选修7）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1、 desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求 vt. 希望得到；想要 her life-long desire of living in the country was at last realized.她向往过乡下生活的宿愿最后实现了。 he has a strong desire for success/to succeed.他强烈渴望成功。 we always desire to live in peace with our neighbors.我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。 my desire is that i should come to china again soon.我的愿望是能很快再来中国。2. favour n. 喜爱；恩惠，帮忙；优惠；vt. 喜爱；偏袒 （=favor） may i ask a favor of you?请你帮个忙行吗？ was he in favor of the death penalty?他赞成死刑吗？ do me a favor and turn the radio down while im on the phone ,will you ?劳驾，我在打电话时把收音机的声音调小点好吗？3. accompany vt. 陪伴；伴奏accompany sth./with（by）sth. 与同时存在或发生accompany sb. to sp. 陪某人到某地accompany sb. at/on sth. （尤指用钢琴）为-伴奏be accompanied by 由-伴奏accompaniment n. 伴奏，伴随发生的事情to the accompaniment of sth. 在某物的伴奏下，在某物发生时accompanist n. 伴奏者accompany n. 陪伴；交往；公司；商号keep sb. company 陪伴某人companion n. 同伴，伙伴4. affair n. 事，事务；暧昧关系，私通how i spend my money is my affair. 我如何用钱时我自己的事【点拨】辨析 affair, matter, business, thingaffair “事情，事件”泛指已做或待做的事；也指商业事务和政府的日常事务matter“事情，事” 常指要给与注意和考虑要处理的事情business“事情，事务”用作不可数名词常指所派的任务、职责，有时是指派的工作或商业上的买卖活动thing“事情，事”无论大小、好坏通称为thing；不指专门事务；复数things有“情况，形式”的意思things are getting worse and worse with us. 形式对我们越来越不利【即境活用】i have a plane to catch, so lets get down to _.a. business b. affairs c. matter d. things答案：a 5. declare vt. 宣布；声明；表明；宣称declare sth.宣布declare sb./sth. (to be) +n./adj.宣布为declare thatdeclare war on/against 对宣战declare against/for声明反对/赞成declare oneself 发表意见；表明态度declare off 取消declare that 宣告；宣称declaration n. 宣布；声明；宣言 the accused man was declared (to be)innocent by the court.法庭宣布被告无罪。 when they asked him for his opinion ,he declared strongly agsinst the policy.他们向他征求意见时，他声明强烈反对这项政策。 britain declared war on /against germany on september 3rd,1939年9月3日英国对德宣战。【即境活用】we have time and time again _ that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.a. declared b. announced c. declined d. exclaimed【解析】选a。句意：我们一再声称我们决不首先使用核武器。declare指在庄严场合郑重宣布，公开讲明，其目的不在于众所周知，而在于使人明白了解。announce指将大家感兴趣的事公布于众，诸如消息或新闻等。decline指拒绝、谢绝。exclaim 指（因愤怒、高兴等）呼喊惊叫。只有a项符合题意。【重点短语】1. turn around 转向；回转 turn around and let me look at your back.转过身去，让我看看你的后背。 she has nobody to turn to .她求助无门。 we invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up .我们请她吃饭她都不露面。 he tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health.他想参军，但因身体不好被拒绝了。2. leavealone 不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起【拓展延伸】phrases: leave behind 超过，使-落后；比取得好得多的成绩 leave for 动身去- leave off 停止，结束 leave out 省略，忘掉 leave.aside 搁置一边，不予考虑 leave it with me 把这事留给我吧 leave sth.for sb. 把某物递交给某人please leave my personal affairs alone.请别管我的私事。the lights of the city were soon left behind.都市的灯光不久就被抛在了后面。it was careless of him to leave out an important detail.他真粗心，漏掉了一个重要细节。 【即境活用】when considering how to settle the problem, he had _ the most important factorweather.a. left out b. left behind c. left off d. left over【解析】选a。 句意：在考虑解决问题的办法时，他把最重要的因素天气给遗漏了。leave out表示“遗漏”，符合语意要求。3. set aside 将.放到一边；节省或保留（钱或时间）；暂时不考虑he set all offers aside. 所有的提议他都置之不理she set aside her book and lit a cigarette.她把书放在一旁，点燃了一支香烟。why dont you set your ideas down on paper?你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢？do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off/这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。【即境活用】memorial day is a us national holiday _ to remember those who gave their lives in the service of the nation.a. put up b. set aside c. put on d. set up【解析】选b. 考查动词短语辨析。set sth. aside （为某种目的）留出。句意为：阵亡将士纪念日是美国为纪念那些阵亡将士而设立的一个国家性节日。【重点句型】【热点难点全析】动词不定式（the infinitive）不定式也有时态语态的变化，不定式在句中试用主动还是被动的问题，是不定式的难点和易混点1动词不定式的完成式（perfect infinitive）由to+have+动词的过去分词构成。表示不定式的动作在谓语表示的动作（状态）之前完成 i am sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，叫你等了。（to have kept 发生在am所表示的时间之前）she seems to have read he book before.她好像看过这本书。（to have read发生在seems 所表示的时间之前）2动词不定式的被动语态。（passive infinitive）.有两种形式：一般式 to be done.完成式 to have been donethe next thing to be done is to carry away the earth. 下一步要做的事是把土运走no harm seems to have been done.似乎并没有造成损害动词不定式有下列时态和语态的变化：（以write为例） 主动语态被动语态一般式to writeto be written进行式to be writing完成式to have writtento have been writen【点拨】不定式被动结构中的特殊情况1.不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式往往有主动语态i have something to tell you.2. 不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式，否则用被动形式i have a meeting to attend.do you have anything to be taken to the city?3.不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，这时因为形容词后省略了for sb.此类形容词：difficult,easy,light,heavy,comfortable,danderous,bitter,fit,interesting,necessary,important等4.动词不定式“to blame;”等与be 动词连用，常用主动形式；但具有对比意义时仍用被动形式he isnt to blame. 他不该受责备【语法专练】1. he hurried to the hotel, only _ his girlfriend had left.a. to tell b. to be told c. telling d. told2. did the reference give the information you needed?yes, but it, i had to read it entirely. ato find bhaving found cfindingdfind3. -what did you hear last night?- i seemed _ someone knock at the door.a. to have heard b. to be heard c. to be hearing d. having heard4. the little girl showed no anxiety before the competition. she seemed _ for it pretty well.a. to have prepared b. to prepare c. having prepared d. to be preparing5. - is he said _ his car lost?- yes. he was so foolish _ leave his car _. a. that; that; unlock b. to have had; as to; unlockedc. to have; to; unlock d. to have; for him to; unlocked答案：15 【高考零距离】1、（2012北京卷 t21）32. birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.a. to stay b. staying c. stayed d. stay32. a。非谓语考点，目的状语用不定式。2、（2012浙江卷 t21）3. no matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its bettersilent.a. remainb. be remainingc. having remained d. to remain【解析】选d 。非谓语不定式。it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可归结为句型：it is +形容词/名词+to do/that。当然it也可以做形式宾语，如find/feel it +to do/that.。 3（2011湖南卷 t21）the ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself. a. expressing b. expressed c. to express d. to be expressed【解析】选c。考查非谓语动词。句意：表达想法的能力和想法本身一样重要。expressed（过去分词）和to be expressed后是不可接名词（an idea）的，所以排除b、d。ability后常接不定式作后置定语，the ability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”。4.（2011天津卷t7）passengers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.a. to carry b. carrying c. to be carried d. being carried【解析】 选a。考查非谓语动词，句意为：允许乘客们只带一个手提行李上飞机。根据permit sb. to do sth. 意思是允许某人做某事，其被动形式为sb. be permitted to do sth. 故选a。5.（2011上海卷 t40）today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing but we seem _ the art of communicating face-to-face.a. losingb. to be losing c. to be lostd. having lost【解析】选b。考查非谓语动词。句意为：今天我们拥有聊天室、手机短信、电子邮件但是我们似乎正在失去面对面交流的技巧。由seem to do sth.可知答案在b、c两项中选择，又根据句意可知空白处要用表示动作的动词，故选b。6.（2010湖南卷t32）tim is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise. a. if b. even though c. unless d. as long as【解析】选b。考查状语从句。句意为：“尽管tim不经常锻炼，但他身材很好。”前后是让步转折关系，故选b项。7.（2010安徽卷t29）the engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest. a. wherever b. whenever c. even if d. as if【解析】选c。本题考查状语从句连词辨析。句意为“工程师们非常繁忙，即使（even if）有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去做。”8.（2010江西卷t32）there were many talented actors out there just waiting _.a to discover b to be discovered c discovered d being discovered【解析】选b。考察非谓语动词。演员等待被发现, 用被动, 发现发生在等待之后, 所以用不定式. 9.（2009福建卷t11）we are at your service. dont to turn to us if you have any further problems.a. beg b. hesitate c. desire d. seek【解析】选b。动词词义辨析。beg：乞求，乞讨，恳求；hesitate：犹豫，踌躇；desire：欲望；愿望；seek：试图，要求。题干意思是：我们为你服务。当你有任何问题时，请毫不犹豫的向我们求助。选b。10. （2007 山东卷）i cant say which wine is beatits a (n) _ of personal taste.aaffair bevent cmatter dvariety【解析】选c。考查名词词义辨析。按照句意：这是一个个人口味的问题/事情【考点提升训练】一、听力（略）二、单项选择21【2012届山西太原五中4月月考】32. -who is knocking at the door? - _. a. they are the childrenb. there are the children c. it is the children d. d. that is the children 22peter the papers he was marking and reached for his cigarettes and matches.aset outbset off cset indset aside23. with the internet popular, more people _ the internet to buy and sell items. a. turn to b. turn outc. turn over d. turn down 24. what can i do for you, sir ?i want to buy a flatlarge, comfortable and _ at the seaside.a. in all b. after allc. above all d. first of all25. extra lessons on sundays put _ pressure on students, who already have _ homework.a. many; much of b. more; many of c. more; piles of d. many; plenty of26.was it near the white building, if i may ask, _ martin luther king gave a speech “i have a dream”? a. where b. that c. why d. in which27. partly _ about his lost love, he buried himself in office work.a. forgetting b. to have forgot c. to forget d. having forgot28.【2012届江西省上饶市第一次高考模拟】21i really cant thank you enough awith pleasure bim glad to have been of help cno problem dthats the most i could do 29. why are your hands so dirty? i in the garden awas working bhave workedcworked dhave been working30. how i _ him the pleasure he had during the vacation! a. envy b. admirec. appreciate d. enjoy31. they left without leaving a message，_was more than we had expectedawhat bwhich cthat dwhen32. to shut your eyes to factsas many of you do, foolisha. is bare care dwere33. when the whole area was _ by the flood , the government sent food and medicine there by helicopter. a. cut away b. cut downc. cut off d. cut up34. many chinese universities provided scholarships for students _ financial aid.a. in favour of b. in honour of c. in face of d. in need of35. shall i look after your house while you are away?_. a. it couldnt be better. b. of course you can. c. if you like. d. its up to you.三、完形填空（河北省冀州中学2012届高三一模考试）my 8-year-old son, kevin, has made friends with some boys in the neighborhood. he has been 36 with them after school. my wife，qugen, and i are _37_ he has other kids to be with and we have _38_ and encouraged him to play with his friends. we also want kevin to learn _39_，so we have asked him to tell us _40_ hes going and to come home at a specified time.the _41_ started when kevin didnt come home on time. on one occasion，i asked kevin to be back at 6 pm. by 6：30，i needed to go _42_ him. i found him at a friends house，and he looked _43_ that he couldnt continue playing. after we came home，i sat kevin down for a talk about the _44_ of keeping his word. i told him i was not worried about him arriving a few _45_ late，but after a half hour，im going to be 46 . he told me he understood.the next day，i came home from work at about 6:30 p.m. and qugen asked me to go and get kevin _47_ she said he should be back home at 6. i walked to his friends house and a look of _48_ appeared on kevins face when he came to the door.at _49_，qugen and i spoke to kevin about why he didnt come home on time again. he said he just wanted to _ 50_ playing. this was _51_，so qugen and i decided to ground(罚不准出门)him for a week. this _52_ no playing with his friends.for the next week，whenever his friends came to ask for kevin，we let him _53_ to them that he was grounded. we felt this would help him be responsible for his _54_.as a _55_，i believe one of the most important things we can teach our kids is self-responsibility and that actions have consequences.36a. studying bplaying cchatting dquarreling37a. glad blucky cworried dsure38a. made ballowed ctrained dforced39a. amusements bcommunication chonesty dresponsibility40a. when bwhy cwhere dwhenever41a. changes bconflicts cworries dproblems42a. looking for bpicking up cwaiting for dcalling up43a. angry bnervous cdisappointed dashamed44a. quality bimportance cstories dways45a. hours bminutes cdays dtimes46a. satisfied bshocked csurprised d. concerned47a. if bunless cbecause d .so48a. guilt bdisappointment cexcitement d. hatred49a. home bschool cwork d .office50a. finish bkeep clearn dstop51a. impossible bimpolite cunacceptable dunbelievable52a. meant bsuggested cshowed dimplied53a. reply bapologize ctell dexplain54a. decisions bwords cactions dfriends55a. teacher bparent cwriter dprofessor四、阅读理解(2012届山东省诸城繁华中学高三）aalmost all aspects of american pop culture such as mcdonalds, american films, and blue jeans can be seen in brazil. my father used to say that all kinds of american cultural icons(偶像)were distasteful. when i was a child, it was forbidden to drink coke and to chew chewing gum in my house. both actions were representative of the american dominance(主导)to my father while he had an american ford car.i think it is difficult to prevent american cultural hegemony(霸权).many years ago, there was an attempt to reduce the number of american films in brazil. the government passed a law that all cinemas should show a higher percentage of brazilian movies. however, we didnt have enough good films, or even enough films, to show. so this measure fell soon after. american music is, of course, present in brazil. everybody knows about madonna, michael jackson, and other icons of american music; but brazilian music has never lost its first place in the brazilians preferences.i think we dont need to be afraid of cultural free trade. people tend to be selective, and not everything that is imported is necessarily bad. our native brazilians also stand up against the dominance of imported culture in their lives while they wear watches and shorts and use tape recorders. we cant avoid the process, but we could learn to be more critical and as selective as possible.56. according to the passage, the authors father_.a. was greatly influenced by american pop cultureb. forbade his children to watch american filmsc. purchased nothing other than brazilian goodsd. didnt have positive attitudes to american pop culture57. in paragraph 2, the author intends to tells us that_.a. it was a pity for her father not to see the spread of american pop cultureb. her father would be surprised to see the influence of american pop culturec. american pop culture has a great influence on braziliansd. she herself was greatly influenced by american pop culture58. the brazilian government made an attempt to _.a. control the influence of american pop culture.b. prohibit american pop music from being played.c. forbid brazilians to watch american films.d. produce enough brazilian films and music59. from the whole passage we can learn that_.a. at first the author was very concerned about the american dominanceb. american pop culture consists mainly of american films, music ,blue jeans, etcc. the authors father was afraid of their children getting into bad habitsd. cultural free trade should be encouraged and promoted anyway60. the author probably thinks that american cultural dominance_.a. is of benefit to brazilians b. shouldnt be left as it isc. can be avoided with efforts d. should be wiped out 1,3,5 bheading off to college this year? here are some fashion tips from our experts you should keep in mind:logo mania (品牌狂热症): wearing the logos of brands aimed at younger customers physically identifies you as part of that age group, so consider the targeted age group of the stores you shop at. its tempting to load up on logos, especially well-known logos that signify high-end brands. but consider this: college is a time of self-discovery, a chance to develop your own personal style. instead of wearing logos head to toe, “walking advertisement”-style, why not express who you really are?wear real pants! the combination of leggings and baggy shirts is all too common on college campuses. smith points out that leggings, yoga pants, and sweatpants are entirely unacceptable in public unless youre exercising. although leggings worn as pants are a common trend among high school and college girls, they are not an appropriate choice for daywear. as a young woman, your style choice should begin to reflect your maturity level. so, get rid of leggings and wear real pants!keep the cute factor to a minimum: stay away from sweaters and t-shirts with smiling animals, cartoon characters, or hello kitty on them. sure, kittens might be cute, but theyre not doing you any favors in the style department. dressing too cutesy can take years off your look, and not necessarily in a good way!61. the second paragraph indicates the importance of _. a. impressing professors b. getting on well wi