高考英语高频词汇精选(1).doc

1. calculate vt.&vi.计算；估计 vt.计划，打算 He hasnt calculated the result. 他还没有计算出结果来。 This huge computer calculates very quickly. 这台巨型计算机计算速度非常快。 Lets calculate what it will cost. 让我们计算一下那要花多少成本。 This ad is calculated to attract the attention of young people. 这个广告计划以年轻人为宣传对象。 2. solve vt.解决，解答 How are you going to solve the problem? 你准备如何解决这一问题？ He finally solved the difficulty of transportation. 他终于解决了运输的困难。 3. share vt. 分享，分担，分配 n. 份额，股份 We shared a bathroom in the dormitory. 我们在宿舍共用一间浴室。 My share of the pay was one dollar. 我的那份报酬是一美元。 4. communicate v. 传播，传达（新闻、消息、感情），传染（疾病）；通信，取得联系 communication n. 交流，通讯 communicative adj.通讯的 telecommunication n. 电信学 Television communicated the news to all parts of the country. 电视将这消息传到全国各地。 Dont communicate a disease to others. 别把疾病传染给别人。 Honey bees are able to communicate with each other by dancing蜜蜂彼此能够通过跳舞进行交流。 I often communicate with him regularly by letter. 我经常定期与他通信交流。 The dining-room communicates with the kitchen. 饭厅与厨房相通。 5. intelligence n.智力，脑力；情报（人员） IQ= intelligence quotient智商 intelligent adj. 聪明的；有才智的；有头脑的 intellectual adj.智力的，有智力的，显示智力的；n. 知识分子 a person of high/great/average/little/low intelligence 智商高的有智慧的智力一般的无大脑的智力低下的人1. advantage dv:ntid, dvn- n. 优点，优势；利益，好处 take advantage of 利用 be of advantage to 对有利 advantages and disadvantage 利害得失 It is an advantage if you know how to type. 如果你会打字，对你是有利的。 I had the advantage of him.(=I was in a better position than he was. )我比他占优势。 There will be no advantage in waiting any longer. 再等下去一点好处也没有。 2. choice tis n. C；U选择，抉择;；C选择的人或东西 make a choice 做出选择 have no choice but to do. 别无选择只好 It was not a happy choice. 选的东西不能令人高兴。 3. personally p:snli adv. 亲自，本人(in ones own person)；作为个人(as a person)；就个人来说(speaking for oneself) The owner of the hotel welcomed us personally. 旅馆的主人亲自迎接我们。 I like him personally, but I hate what he believes in. 我喜欢他本人，但痛恨他信奉的东西。 Personally, I am in favor of the new law. 就我个人来说，我赞成那项新法律。 4. allow lau v.允许 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 allow sb. /sth.允许某人（某事） allow sb. in/out /up允许某人进来（出去、起床） They dont allow smoking here. 他们不允许在这里吸烟。 We allowed her to go to the party. 我们允许她参加聚会。 5. create krieit vt. 创造，创作，造成，引起 It was the people who created history. 是人民创造了历史。 An artist should create beautiful things. 艺术家应该创作美的东西。 The news created difficulty for me. 这个消息给我造成了困难。1. add vt.&vi增加，增添 add to增添 add to 往添加 add up ( together) 合计 add up to 合计达，加起来总和是 Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 烟火给节日之夜增色不少。 She added some salt to the soup. 她往汤里加了些盐。 Add up these figures and you will see which is the right answer. 把这些数字加起来，你就会知道哪个是正确的答案。 It is reported that the number of visitors to the exhibition adds up to 15,000 every day. 据报道每天来参观展览的人数达到15000人。 Please add a note to the posters and say that your teacher himself will play the last piece. 请在海报上再加一条，说你的老师将亲自演奏最后一个曲目。 2. concern vt.涉及，关系到，参与；使担心，使操心 n.关心；关注；（利害）关系 concern oneself with/in 从事（参与、干涉） concern oneself about/for 因为担忧（关心）某人 concern sb./sth. 关心某人（某事） as/so far asbe concerned 就而言 as concerns 关于（=concerning） feel/show concern about/for 担心（关心、挂念） be concern with 与有关的 be concern about/for 关心 The matter concerns the interests of the people. 这件事关系到人民的利益。 He is so concerned about you. 他对你是那样地关心。 3. survey n.概观，概论，全面评述；民意调查，民意测验 vt. 查看，审视，眺望（风景等） make a general survey of sth. 纵观某事物 make a survey of sth. 调查某事物 Im not good at making a general survey of matters. 我不善于纵观事物。 The reporter made a survey of river pollution. 记者对河流污染问题进行了调查。 The next morning we surveyed the damage caused by the fire. 次日清晨我们查看了火灾的破坏情况。 4. upset v.使不安，使心烦；打乱，搅乱（计划等）；弄翻；使不舒服 adj.心烦意乱的（不置于名词前）；（胃等）不舒服的；（计划等）搅乱的；翻倒的 The bad news upset him. 坏消息使他心烦意乱。 His mind was too much upset. 他心烦意乱。 5. walk vt.&vi.陪伴走，护送走；牵着（动物）走，溜（动物），赶着走；步行于 Ill walk you to the station. 我陪你走到车站吧。 They walk their dogs every day. 他们每天都遛狗。 It needs courage to walk the tightrope. 走钢丝需要勇气。1、cheat n.骗子 vt.欺骗，欺诈 vi.作弊，舞弊 cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗取某人的某物 cheat sb. into the belief that 骗某人相信 cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事 例句：In order to get the child to eat more, the mother cheated him into the belief that he would get a new boy. 为了让孩子多吃点，妈妈骗他相信会得到一个新玩具。 例句：He was caught cheating in/on an exam. 他考试作弊时被当场抓获。 2、reason n.理由，原因，理性 for a/anreason 因为一个的原因 the reason for 的理由，的原因 reason + why/that 引导的定语从句 the reason is + that 引导的表语从句 例句：You must tell him the reason why/that you wont accept his offer. 你必须告诉他你为何拒绝他的提议。 例句：The reason why most Chinese have healthy white teeth is that they eat a healthy diet. 大多数中国人牙齿健康洁白的原因是他们饮食健康。 3、crazy adj. 疯狂的，狂热的；着迷的 be crazy for 渴望，痴想 be crazy with(pain)(痛苦)得发狂 be crazy about为发狂 be mad about为发疯 be nervous about对感到紧张 drive sb. crazy 逼得某人发疯；害得某人精神失常 drive sb. mad 逼得某人发疯；害得某人精神失常 例句：Young people all seem to be crazy about such things. 年轻人看起来对这些东西都非常着迷。 4、suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历；受苦 suffer from 受的苦；患病 suffer from=catch,get,take,be affected with 得，患病 例句：Thousands upon thousands of people in Indonesia are suffering (from) hunger as a result of the tsunami. 在印度尼西亚成千上万的人由于海啸正在饱受饥饿之苦。 5、dare vt.敢，胆敢，敢于面对 aux. 敢，胆敢 1)dare用作情态动词时，常用于否定句和疑问句中，不带to。 2)当dare作实义动词时，经常加to。第三人称单数加-s，过去式加-d，其后接的不定式带to。否定结构为dont/doesnt dare to。 3)词义区别：dare的用法与need用法相似，既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词，两者都只能用于疑问句、否定句和条件句。dare作实义动词用时，后面的to 时常可以被省略。而need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to。 例句：We could see that he dared not tell the truth.我们可以看出他不敢说真话。1. attendv. 专心；仔细；考虑照顾、关照某人（某事物）；照看（某人）；照料；看护；照例去（某处）；出席；伴随（某人某事物）；陪伴 Why werent you attending when I explained before? 我以前解释的时候, 你怎么不注意听呢？ Attend to your work and stop talking. 专心工作, 不要说话。 A nurse attends to his needs. 有个护士照顾他。 Are you being attended to (e.g. said by an assistant to a customer in a shop)? 有人接待您吗（如店员问顾客）？ Could you attend to this matter immediately? 你能不能立刻处理这件事？ Dr Smith attended her in hospital. 史密斯医生在医院中给她治病。 attend school, church, etc 上学上教堂等 They had a quiet wedding only a few friends attended (it). 他们的婚礼静悄悄的-只有几个朋友参加。 The meeting was well attended, ie Many people were there. 有很多人出席会议。 The Queen was attended by her ladies-in-waiting. 女王由宫廷女侍陪伴。 May good fortune attend you! 祝你红运当头！ 2. earn v. 赚；挣；（贷款或投资）获得（利钱）；（因自己的成就行为等）得到（应得的事物）；博得；使得 He earns 10000 a year. 他一年赚10000英镑。 She earned her living by singing in a nightclub. 她靠在夜总会唱歌谋生。 earned/unearned income 劳动收入非劳动收入 Money earns more in a high interest account. 钱放在高利息的帐户里获利多。 Youve certainly earned your retirement. 你已理当退休了。 a well-earned rest 应得的休息 His honesty earned him great respect. 他因诚实而博得人们的尊敬。 His bad manners earned him a sharp rebuke. 他因为没有礼貌而受到责备。 3respect n. U 尊敬；敬重；钦敬；尊敬之表示；尊重之情；维护；承认；尊重C 方面；着眼点 v. （因某事物）尊敬或敬重某人某事物；重视考虑或尊重（某人某事物）；不干预或不损害某事物; 承认某事物；自重; 自尊 a mark, token, etc of respect 尊敬的标志、表示等 have a deep, sincere, etc respect for sb. 深深地、由衷地.敬重某人 I have the greatest respect for you/hold you in the greatest respect. 我非常尊敬您。 The new officer soon won/earned the respect of his men. 那新来的军官很快博得了士兵的钦敬。 Children should show respect for their teachers. 学生要尊敬老师。 Out of respect, he took off his hat. 他脱帽以示敬意。 have some, little, no, etc respect for sb.s feelings 相当、不太、毫不尊重某人的感情 With (all due) respect, sir, I disagree. 先生，恕我直言，我不能同意。 very little respect for human rights 极不尊重人权。 in this one respect 在这一点上 in some/all/many/several/few respects 在某些各个/许多/几个/极少方面 In what respect do you think the film is biased? 你认为影片在哪一方面失之偏颇？with special reference to sth. 关於某事物；就某方面而言 The book is admirable in respect of style. 这本书风格极佳。 price rises in respect of gas and water costs 煤气费和水费涨价 This is true with respect to English but not to French. 这一点在英语属实而在法语则不同。 With respect to your enquiry, I enclose an explanatory leaflet. 关于你的询问, 兹附上有关说明资料。 I respect you for your honesty. 由于你为人正直, 我对你十分敬重。 respect sb.s wishes, opinions, feelings, etc 尊重某人的意愿、意见、感情等 respect the environment, eg by protecting it 重视环境问题（如保护环境） People wont respect my (desire for) privacy. 大家都不顾及我（希望享有的）个人自由。 respect sb.s rights, privileges, etc 承认某人的权利、特权等 respect a treaty, contract, etc 遵守条约、合同等 respect diplomatic immunity (eg of foreign embassy staff to British law) as valid 承认外交豁免权有效. If you dont respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重, 又怎能受到别人尊重呢？ 4. grade n.（官阶、质量)等级, 品级, 阶段, 程度；(考试或作业的)分数, 评分等级；(学生受测试的)技巧水平(尤指音乐方面)；年级; (按年级划分的)小学生 She got excellent grades in her exams. 她考试成绩优异。 The milk is sold in grades. 牛奶分等级出售。 He merits a grade of B on his composition.他的作文分数应该得B。 The music exam has eight grades; I have passed Grade 1, the easiest. 音乐考试分为八级, 我已通过了最容易的第一级。 Are you in high school or are you still in the grades? 你上中学了, 还是仍在上小学? 5. literature n. U 文学; 文学作品；文学著作或研究；（某国或某时期的）文学作品；某学科的著作或文献；小册子; 传单 a degree in American literature 美国文学学位 French literature 法国文学 18th century (English) literature 18世纪（英国）文学 Ive read all the available literature on poultry-farming. 我把现有的家禽饲养方面的资料全都读过了。 There is now an extensive literature on the use of computers in the home. 现在有许多关于家庭计算机的使用资料 Please send me any literature you have on camping holidays in Spain. 请寄些有关在西班牙野营度假的宣传材料。1、imagine 想象，设想，料想，猜想。 imagine + 宾语(n. /pron. ;v. ing; that; wh-从句) imagine + 宾语 + 补语(n.; v. ing; to be) You can imagine the situation there. 你可以想象那里的情况。 I cant imagine( my) marrying a girl of that sort. 我难以想象（我）与那种女子结婚后的情形。 You cant imagine how I missed you all. 你们想象不出我有多么想念你们大家。 2、graduate adj. &n.大学毕业生（的）；毕业生（的） vt.授以学位；准予毕业 vi.（自大学）毕业；获得学位 graduate from毕业于学校 graduate in毕业于专业 Hes a high school (college) graduate. 他是中学（大学）毕业生。 The university graduated 350 students last week. 该大学上周有350位学生毕业。 He graduated from Tsing Hua University. 他毕业于清华大学。 3、insist v. 坚持，坚决主张 insist on/upon doing坚决做，坚持做 insist on/ upon ones doing坚持要某人做 insist that坚持认为；坚持说 He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是对的。 He insisted that he should do the job. 他坚持认为他应该做那份工作。 4、mind 意见，想法，意向 change ones mind改变主意 have sth. in mind记得某事；想要做某事 make up ones mind (mind可有复数)某人下定决心 have no/a mind to do无（有）意做，心里（不）想做 read ones mind看出某人的心思 speak ones mind直言不讳 We once made up our minds to work in Tibet, but one of us has changed his mind.我们曾下决心去西藏工作，但是其中有一个人却改变了主意。 5、record v.纪录，记载，录音 n.纪录，唱片 make a record录制唱片 set a record创纪录 break a record打破纪录 keep a record保持纪录 keep a record of.把记录下来，记载 a recorded programme录制的节目 The teacher kept a record of his students in that way. 那位老师就是用那种方式纪录他的学生的情况。1、shake vt. & vi.使摇动，发抖，摇动 shake hands with sb. 同某人握手 shake ones head 摇头 shake sb. by the hand (=shake sb.s hand) 拉着某人的手 give a shake 把摇了一下 a shake of the head 摇头 Before you take the medicine, you should shake it. 在喝这药之前，你应把它摇匀。 He was shaking with cold. 他冷得发抖。 2、burst v.破裂，胀裂，（水库、堤坝等）决口 burst forth突然出现 burst into 突然闯入 burst out 大声喊叫 burst upon（思想）突然出现 burst with充满 a burst of anger发怒 burst into + n.突然迸发 burst out + v.-ing突然迸发 She burst out singing. 她突然唱了起来。 She burst into angry speech. 她突然愤怒地讲起来。 The trees burst into bloom. 树木开花了。 3、reach vt. 抵达，传到；达成（协议），得出（结论）；伸手够到（某物） vi. 伸手去拿（某物） n. 范围 out of the reach of sb. 某人手所不能及之处 within the reach of sb. 某人手所能及的地方 above/beyond the reach of sb. 超出某人的能力 He reached home at eight last night. 他昨晚八点到家。 They finally reach a conclusion他们终于得出结论。 He is reaching for the book on the shelf, but cant reach it他拿书架上的书但够不着。 The banana was out of the monkeys reach. 猴子够不到那根香蕉。 4、shock vt. 使震惊，使产生厌恶情绪（宾语为人） vi. 震动 n. C，U震惊；打击；休免；电击 be shocked at (doing) sth. 由于（做）某事而震惊 be shocked to do sth. 由于（做）某事而震惊 It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children. 看到邻居们如何对待孩子，我感到震惊。 His teeth shocked against each other. 他的牙齿直打颤。 She died of shock following an operation on the brain. 脑手术后她死于休克。 5、cover vt.遮盖，遮蔽；占有（多少面积），包含，包括；报道；走完（一段路程） be covered with/by被覆盖 cover with 用盖 The field is covered with snow. 田野上一片积雪。 He covered the table with a table-cloth. 他用桌布盖住了桌子。 Our orchards cover( an area of)l,000 mu. 我们的果园占地一千亩。 She will stay there, covering the whole game. 她将待在那儿，对整个比赛进行报道。 The Red Army covered 25 ,000 li during the Long March. 红军长征走了二万五千里。1、quake n.地震，震动 v.（通常指因恐惧）颤抖，哆嗦；（大地、建筑物等）剧烈颤动，震动 Quaking with fear, she reached for the phone to dial 110. 她伸手拿电话拔110，害怕得抖个不停。 The explosion made the whole house quake. 爆炸使整座房子都晃动起来。 2、die构成的常用短语： die out灭绝，逐渐消失 die off 相继死去 die of 死于内因（如疾病、年老、饥饿等） die from死于外因（如损伤、事故、天灾等） The Indian tribes have now almost died out. 印第安人部落现在几乎灭绝。 Mr. Caxton has died of a heart attack. 卡克斯顿先生因心脏病发作而死。 The flowers are dying off because there has been no rain. 由于一直没下雨，花儿相继枯死。 3、last vi.持续；维持 vt. 让维持多久 The Civil War lasted four years. 内战持续了四年。 How many days can our food last? 我们的食物能维持多久？ The food can last us (for) three days. 这些食物够我们吃三天。 4、end的常用短语： at the end of在末（尽头） by the end of在（到）末为止，与完成时态连用 in the end最后，终于 He is at the end of his patience. 他已忍耐到了极限。 By the end of last term they-had learned 2,000 words. 到上学期末为止他们已学了2 000个单词。 We succeeded in passing the exam in the end. 我们终于成功地通过了考试。 5、honor n.U荣誉，光荣；尊敬，敬意；C使人感到光荣的人或事 vt. 尊敬；给以荣誉 do honor to纪念；给带来荣誉 in honor of为了纪念 They fight for the honor of the country. 他们为国家的荣誉而战。 One must show honor to ones parents. 一个人对父母必须尊敬。 He is an honor to his family. 他令他的家人感到光荣。 He was honored for what he had done. 他因他所做的事而获得了荣誉。1、 rule vt.&vi.统治；支配；管辖 n.规则；习惯；统治 rule a country统治国家 rule oneself克制自己 keep/obey the rule遵守规则 break the rule违反规则 as a rule通常，一般说来 by rule按照规则 out of rule与习俗相悖 make it a rule to do sth. 习惯做某事，经常做某事 The governor ruled the country with a firm hand. 统治者以铁的手腕统治着这个国家。 2、request n.&vt.请求，要求 request sth. of/from sb. 向某人请求某物 request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 request that-clause请求 at ones request 应某人之请求 at the request of sb. 应某人之请求 be in request 有需要，受欢迎 on/upon request一经请求 The teacher requested all the students (should) finish the exercises before the class was over.老师要求所有的学生应在下课前完成作业。 3、command n.命令，指令，掌握 vt.&vi.命令，指挥，支配 at ones command随心所欲地（的） be in command of. 统帅 be under ones command由指挥 be under the command of. 由指挥 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that-clause命令某事(从句用虚拟语气，谓语部分用“should( not)+动词原形”，should可以省略） have (a) good command of. 精通 He has (a) good command of the French language. 他精通法语。 4、polite adj.有礼貌的；客气的 be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌 it is polite of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是有礼貌的 polite in manners举止优雅 naturally polite 自然而有礼貌的 You accepted my offer just to be polite, didnt you? 你接受我的援助只是出于礼貌，对吗？ 5、direction n. 方向；指导；指示（常用复数）；说明书 in one direction朝某一方向 in all directions朝四面八方 under the