井下工具论文：井下工具气浸试验检测系统研究.doc

井下工具论文：井下工具气浸试验检测系统研究【中文摘要】为了能在实验室条件下模拟实际采油工艺工程中井下的高温高压环境,对井下工具整体及其密封件(封隔器、盘根、聚四氟乙烯等)进行高温耐压试验,检验井下工具能否合格,并对质量进行分析评估,本论文设计了井下工具气浸试验检测系统,该系统为国内外油田新产品的研发提供了有力的检验手段。本论文基于模块化设计理念设计了井下工具气浸试验检测系统,整套系统分为温度控制系统和压力控制系统,分别包括实验台部分和监控系统部分。在对系统的工作原理进行分析的基础上进行了主要部件的选型研究,并进行了装置的结构设计。监控系统采用PLC和工控机两级控制系统,应用了PID控制算法对温度和压力进行控制,控制原理先进；应用LabVIEW作为测试软件,通过LabVIEW建立起的监控系统画面能够实时显示各试验井筒的试压曲线和温度曲线,具有人机交互性好等特点。对试验系统进行了调试,并通过常温高压和高温高压的试验测试,整个系统在长时间的运行后温度稳定在正负0.5,压力控制精度小于0.5%FS,精度满足试验的技术参数要求,且响应的时间短。【英文摘要】In order to simulate high temperature and pressure environment of actual oil production process engineering under the laboratory conditions, to carry on high temperature and pressure testing of downhole tools as a whole or its seals which include parker, parking, teflon and so on, and to inspect and evaluate the quality of downhole tools, the system of gas immersion test device of downhole tools is designed in this paper. It provides powerful support means for domestic and international oil field development of new products.This paper designes the system of gas immersion test device of downhole tools based on the modular design concept, which is divided into temperature control system and pressure control system, and include test bench part and monitoring systems part. The selection study of the main components of the system is made on the based of analyzing the working principle of the system. The structure of the system is designed. The monitoring system adopts two-level control based on PLC and IPC, and apply the PID control algorithm which is advanced to control temperature and pressure. The system apply LabVIEW for the application software, which establish the picture of monitoring system for displaying the real-time temperature and pressure curve of the test wellbore. The picture of monitoring system have a good characteristic of man-machine interactive and so on.The test system is debugged, which made two kinds of test, normal temperature and high pressure testing, high temperature and pressure testing. The temperature of the whole system is stabilized at plus or minus 0.5 degree when the system run a long time, the precision of pressure is less than 0.5 FS percent. The precision meet the requirement of technical parameters. The system response time is short.【关键词】井下工具 气浸试验 PLC LabVIEW【英文关键词】Downhole Tools Gas Immersion Test PLC LabVIEW【目录】井下工具气浸试验检测系统研究摘要4-5ABSTRACT5目录6-8第一章 绪论8-111.1 研究目的和研究意义81.2 国内外研究现状8-101.3 论文主要工作10-11第二章 温度和压力的计算、控制模型11-182.1 井下温度和压力耦合计算模型11-142.1.1 试验井筒的模型假设11-122.1.2 井下温度的计算模型12-132.1.3 井筒压力模型132.1.4 物性参数计算13-142.2 温度控制系统的模型14-152.3 压力控制系统的模型15-172.4 本章小结17-18第三章 系统的结构设计和零部件选型18-303.1 系统的组成和控制原理18-203.1.1 系统组成18-193.1.2 系统的技术参数193.1.3 系统工作原理19-203.2 气压系统的组成20-233.2.1 气压柜20-213.2.2 面板仪表及阀门说明21-233.3 气浸系统关键部件的选型23-293.3.1 主要配置和气压柜的结构图23-243.3.2 泵阀系统的选型24-263.3.3 数据采集处理系统的选型26-293.4 本章小结29-30第四章 电气控制系统的设计30-444.1 PLC的特性分析与选型30-334.1.1 PLC的基本概念304.1.2 PLC的特点30-314.1.3 PLC的应用功能31-324.1.4 PLC的选型32-334.2 工控机的选择33-344.2.1 工控机的基本概念33-344.2.2 工控机的选择344.3 PLC与工控机的通信连接344.4 数据的采集与处理34-354.4.1 模拟量的采集34-354.4.2 模拟量的处理354.5 控制流程图的设计35-374.6 监控系统的原理374.7 监控系统的建立37-424.7.1 LabVIEW的基本概念37-384.7.2 LabVIEW的特点384.7.3 监控画面的设计38-394.7.4 LabVIEW的编程39-424.8 LabVIEW与PLC的通信42-434.8.1 LabVIEW常用的串口通信函数424.8.2 LabVIEW与PLC通信的作用424.8.3 LabVIEW与PLC的通讯连接42-434.9 本章小结43-44第五章 系统的操作与数据分析44-595.1 系统的操作过程44-515.1.1 准备工作44-455.1