中考英语知识点总复习 阅读理解课件.ppt

reading阅读理解 阅读理解有哪些题型 warm up 主旨大意型 事实细节型 词义猜测型 推理判断型 howtodealwiththeproblemsonreadingcomprehension 什么是细节事实型 是有关细节的问题 常对文中某个词语 某句子 某段落等细节及事实进行提问 所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案 命题方式常有 whichofthefollowingstatementistrue whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext theauthor orthepassage statesthat accordingtothepassage when where why how who what which etc content eg atthesametimeaftertheageoften atelevenortwelve boys andgirls bodiesstartchanging thistimeofchangeiscalledpuberty question accordingtothetextthechangesinpubertystartattheageof a 8or9b 11or12c 15or16d 17or18 题型一 直接对号入座 eg from1262to1944icelandwasruledfirstbynorwayandthenbydenmark question howmanyyearsdidnorwayanddenmarkrulediceland a 700b 682c 388d 1070 题型二 同义 反义词转换 eg kuminghasapopulationofmorethan5 000 000 question what sthepopulationofkuming a overfivemillionb overfivethousandc overfivebilliond overfivehundred eg haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplecan treadorwritebutusuallytheyhavebettermemories thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwritedowninalittlenotebook question somepeoplecan treadorwrite buttheyusuallyhavebettermemories because theyhavesavedmuchtroubletheyhavesavedmuchtorememberthingstheyhavetousetheirmemoriesallthetimetheycan twriteeverythinginalittlenotebook eg canadageesearelargeblueandwhitebirds whenautumnarrives theyhavetoflysouthwheretheweatheriswarmer question canadageesehavetoflysouth a inspringb afterautumnc inwinterd aftersummer 题型三 短语 从句转换 eg studentssitintheclassroomlisteningtotheteacher thisisawayoflearning isthistheonlywayforstudentstolearnsomething ofcoursenot question listeningtotheteacheris forstudentstolearnsomething a notawayb thebestwayc theonlywayd nottheonlyway 题型四 概括归纳 主旨大意型 practices details conclusion mainidea guessing inference content 什么是主旨大意型 命题方式常有 whatdoesthewritermainlytellus whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthistext whichofthefollowingexpressesthemainideabest whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext what sthebesttitleforthispassage 是考查文章主旨大意和中心思想的题目 passage1 eg todaynewtownisaverycleanplace butmanyyearsago thereweremillionsofratsinnewtown theyattackedthecatsanddogs sometimesalotofthemknockeddownamanorwomanwalkinghomeatnight theratswereverybiginsizeandtheyhurtmanypeople question whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage a howtokillratsb newtown cityofratsc hownewtownpeoplebecamerichd hownewtownbecameaverycleancity passage2 eg onthenightofthepartymerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisviolin everyonewasastonishedtoseehim therewasjustoneproblem merlinhadnowaytostophisroller skater herolledonandon suddenlyheranintoahugemirrorthatwashangingonthewall downfellthemirror breakingtopieces nobodyforgotmerlin sgrandentranceforalongtime question whatisthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthisparagraph a therollerskatesneededfurtherimprovementb thepartygueststookmerlinforafool c merlinsucceededbeyondexpectation d merlingothimselfintotrouble passage3 eg nowsatellitesarehelpingtoforecasttheweather theyareinspace andtheycanreachanypartoftheworld today nearlyfivehundredweatherstationsinsixtycountriescanreceivesatellitepictures sotheweathersatellitesareofagreathelptothescientistsatthestation inthepasttheycouldforecasttheweatherforabout24or48hoursearlier nowtheycanmakegoodforecastsfor3or5days question themainideaofthispassageisthatsatellitesarenowusedin a takingpicturesoftheatmosphereb manywaysc receivingpicturesoftheatmosphered weatherforecasting 词义猜测型 content passage1 oneofthethingsialwaysbelieveisthatnomatterhowbadsomethingis youcantakesomethingpositiveoutofit question theword positive inthepassageprobablymeans a terribleb badc goodd real passage2 everydecemberinlondon thenationalcageandaviarybirdshowtriestofindthebest talking birdintheworld onebirdnamedprudlestoodoutamongthe talkingbirds shewonthisprizefor12yearsform1965to1976 question whatdoestheword standout meaninthispassage a 站起来b 飞起来c 脱颖而出d 取出来 passage3 mancanonlydrinkorusetheother3 ofthefreshwaterwhichcomesfromrivers lakesanunderground ontheotherhand becausethenumberofpeopleintheworldisbecominglargerandlarger moreandmorefreshwaterisneeded sowatershortagebecomesabigproblem question theword shortage inthispassagemeans a beingenoughb beingshortofc beingshortford beingless passage4 forexample twocupsofcoffeewillmakeyoubreathefasterandaugmentbodyheat allthismakesyourheartbeatfaster anddoctorswarnthatthismaybealittledangerous question theworld augment means a increaseb drinkc stopd makeless 推理判断型 practices details conclusion mainidea guessing inference content 什么是推理判断型 以原文内容为前提 据作者的观点理论 非考生观点 客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断 做出一定解释 命题方式常有 thepassageimplies 暗示 that wecanconclude 得出结论 fromthepassagethat whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred 推论 whatisthetone 语气 oftheauthor whatisthepurpose 目的 ofthispassage thepassageisintendedto wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear passage1 weareallbusytalkingaboutandusingtheinternet buthowmanyofusknowthehistoryoftheinternet theinternethasnowbecomeoneofthemostimportantpartsofpeople slife question whatcanweinferfromthelastsentence a peoplewilldiewithouttheinternetb allpeopleshouldsetuptheirownnetworkc peopleliveeasilywithoutinternetd peoplewillmoreandmoredependontheinternet 推断隐含句意 passage2 tvshowsarelikebooksorfilms achildcanlearnbadthingsfromsomeofthemandgoodthingsfromothers someshowshelpchildrentounderstandthenewsfromwashingtonandotherpartsoftheworld someprogrammesshowpeopleandplacesfromothercountriesorothertimesinhistory withtvachilddoesnothavetogotothezootoseeanimalsortoseatoseeaship boysandgirlscanseeaplay aconcertorabasketballgameathome someprogrammeseventeachchildrenhowtocookorhowtousetools question thewriter sopinionisthat a boysandgirlsshouldspendsometimebothontvandotherthings b childrenshouldn twatchtvshowsc parentsmustn tbuytvsets d childrenshouldstopwatchingtv 推断作者观点意图 practice backgroundinformationofhalloweenhalloweenwasfirstcelebratedovertwothousandyearsagoingreatbritainandireland 爱尔兰 theycelebratedtheendoftheharvestandbeginningofwinterwithafestivalcalledsamhain 萨温节 peopleworemasksandcostumesduringtheircelebrationstohonorormimicghosts 鬼 afterthat holidayswereaddedandchanged november2ndbecameallsaints day tohonorsaints november1stbecameallsouls day orallhallows day torememberthosewhohaddied somechildrenmayknowthatisaholidaycelebratedinmanypartsofmexico thisholidayfallsonallsouls day october31stbecameallhallow seve ortheeveningbeforeallhallows day thenamebecameshortenedtohalloween practice sincehalloweenfallsneartheendoftheharvest manytraditionalfoodsareassociatedwith 与 相关联 thefallseason includingpumpkins apples popcorn andnuts candy corn isanodtothefallharvestaswell therearemanysymbolsonhalloween suchasskeletons 骷髅 ghosts blackcats witches 巫婆 andafullmoon today peoplestilldressupforhalloween theyalsogiveoutfoodtotrick or tre