四级阅读考前冲刺.doc

Exceptional children are different in some significant ways from others of the same age,for the same age,for these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of societys understanding the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation. Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in pubic education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. All men are created equal. Weve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this countrys founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all childrenthe right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity ,whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children-desabled or not -to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.1.In paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that _.A) the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the societyB) exception children are more influenced by their families than normal children are C) exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society D) the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children2.The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that _ .A) they are expected to be leaders of the society B) they might become a burden of the society C) they should fully develop their potentials D) disabled children deserve special consideration 3.This passage mainly deals with _ .A) the differences of children in their learning capabilities B) the definition of exceptional children in modern society C) the special educational programs for exceptional children D) the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children 4.From its passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptiona l children _ .A) is now enjoying legal support B) disagrees with the tradition of the country C) was clearly stated by the countrys foundersD) will exert great influence over court decisions 5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A) Exceptional children refer to those with mental or physical problems.B) The author use “All men are created equal” to counter the school program for the exceptional children .C) Recent court decisions confirm the rights of the exceptional children to enjoy the equal rights to learn with the normal ones.D) Regular school programs fail to meet the requirements to develop the potential of exceptional children .答案与解析：1.A。在第二段，作者举舞台上的主演的例子是为了表明什么？在第二段,作者举例说，舞台上的主角吸引了我们的注意力，但我们没有忽视配角的支持与舞台布景的衬托。下文的exceptional children 与例子中的leading actor相对应；family 和society 与例中的supporting players 和 scenery 相对应，从而说明了A）“异常孩子的成长与家庭和社会有很大关系”。B）异常孩子比正常孩子受家庭影响更大。C）异常孩子是社会和家庭的主要兴趣。D）社会的需要比异常孩子的需要更为重要。显然，作者的举例不能说明B、C、D项的意思。 2.C。异常孩子在教育方面受到如此关注的原因是什么。答案C的根据是文章第三段最后一个句子：The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education overindicated the strong feelingall citizen, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. 3.D。文章主要是_。这是中心思想测试题。本文开头第一段概括了全文的主题思想。下文详细地阐述了家庭和社会对异常孩子的重要性，教育对所有孩子的重要性，和所有孩子平等地受教育的法律保证。这些细节都说明D）“教育适应异常孩子的必要性”。B项本文未涉及，A、C虽有涉及，但不是全文的主题思想。 4.A。从文章中可知对智力超常儿童教育的关注是_。本题为细节考查题，考查考生对全文所有主要事实和细节的理解。答案A的根据是第四段中间的Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all childrendisable or notto an appropriate education. B、C、D均在文中找不到根据，所以都不可选。5.D。根据文章，下列哪项是正确的？此题问哪个选项符合文章内容。做这类题可以从文中找各选项的依据来逐项排除。文章首段第二句中的 to develop their full adult potential 和文章最后一句中的 to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.清楚地表明了 exceptional children 指智力超常的儿童，因此A）项（身体和智力有毛病）不正确。文章的第四段对“All men are created equal”在教育中的含义给予了具体的解释，即“每个孩子具有得到帮助、学到能力极限的权利”，因此，B项（作者用“所有人生来平等”是为了反对学校对超常儿童的教学计划）的说法是错误的。本文的宗旨是赞同学校对超常儿童与普通儿童采用不同的教学计划；法律确认的是所有孩子享有适当的教育的权利，这包括超常儿童的潜能得以最大发挥的权利，因此，C）项不对。D）学校通常的教学计划不能满足超常儿童充分发挥潜能的需要。“调整教学计划适应超常儿童的必要性”是本文的中心，这与D）项内容一致， The traditional American Thanksgiving Day celebration went back to 1621. In that year a special feast was prepared in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The colonists who had settled there had left England because they felt denied of religious freedom. They came to the new land and faced difficulties in coming across the ocean. The ship which carried them was called the Mayflower. The North Atlantic was difficult to travel. There were bad storms. They were assisted in learning to live in the new land by the Indians who inhabited the region. The Puritans, as they were called, had much to be thankful for. Their religious practices were no longer a source of criticism by the government. They learned to adjust their farming habits to the climate and soil. When they selected the fourth Thursday of November for their Thanksgiving celebration, they invited their neighbors, the Indians, to join them in dinner and a prayer of gratitude for the new life. They recalled the group of 102 men, women, and children who left England. They remembered their dead who did not live to see the shores of Massachusetts.They reflected on the 65 days journey, which tested their strength.1.The tradition of a day of Thanksgiving is _.A)100 years oldB)200 years oldC)300 years oldD)400 years old2.Why had they left England?A)Because of religious problems.B)To establish a new religion.C)To learn farming.D)Because of the Indians.3.The Mayflower was _ .A)the city they left fromB)the city they arrived at C)the ship they travelled in D)the name of Indian chief4.The Indians had _.A)made life difficult for themB)helped them to adjustC)taken their landD)been too afraid to talk to them4.The climate and soil in Massachusetts are _.A)similar to that of EnglandB)different from that of EnglandC)similar to that of PlymouthD)different from that of Plymouth答案与解析：1. C。 此题主要考查时间的推算。从文章的一开头便可得知。The traditional American Thanksgiving Day celebration went back to 1621.(美国感恩节庆祝传统可追溯到1621年。)也就是说，从1621年到现在已有300多年的历史。从四个选择中可以看出只有C才是正确答案。 2. A。 他们（指殖民地开拓者）为什么要离开英国？此题是一直接推理题，需要抓住关键词语进行判断。他们（殖民地开拓者）为什么要离开英国？A）因为宗教问题。B）为了创建一个新的宗教。C）为了学习务农。D）由于印第安人的缘故。短文的第三句话说：The colonists who had settled there had left England because they felt denied of religious freedom.(这些定居下来的开拓者离开英国是因为他们感到他们的宗教自由被否定了。)，从此不难看出，A为本题正确答案。3.C。 五月花指什么？此题答案明显，为细节题。The Mayflower是：A）他们所离开的城市。B）他们到达的城市。C）他们乘坐的船只。D）印第安人首领的名字。殖民地开拓者离开英国到新大陆，穿过北大西洋，历经千辛万苦，靠的是什么？主要是船只。The Mayflower 就是他们由英国到新大陆所乘坐的船只，故C为正确答案。 4. B。 开拓者到达新大陆后遇到的主要问题是如何生存，如何适应，那么，印第安人他们做了什么呢？此题也是细节题，根据关键词语进行推断。开拓者到达新大陆后遇到的主要问题是如何适应当地生活，如保能够生存下去。那么印第安人帮助他们做了什么呢？A）给他们的生活造成了困难。B）帮助他们适应生活。C）抢走了他们的土地。D）他们（印第安人）太害怕不敢和他们谈话。在短文中：They were assisted in learning to live in the new land by the Indians who inhabited the region .（他们得到了住在当地的印第安人的帮助，学习如何在新大陆上生活。）由此可知，B为正确答案。5. B。 马萨诸塞州的气候和土壤是怎样。此题考查考生的间接推理能力，根据常识进行推理。马萨诸塞州的气候和土壤是：A）和英国的一样。B）和英国的不一样。C）和普利茅斯的气候一样。D）和普利茅斯的气候不一样。从一个国度到另一个国度，风土人情，生活环境气候条件各不相同。从文中可以看出，马萨诸塞州的气候和土壤和英国的是不一样的；They learned to adjust their farming habits to the climate and soil.（他们学习调整适应气候和土壤的耕作习惯。）如果英国的气候和土壤和马萨诸塞州的一样的话，他们就没有必要去调整，去适应。由此看出，这里的气候和土壤和英国的是不同的，故B为正确答案。Unlike any earlier building complex anywhere in the world, Rockefeller in New York City was built, not as a place where people could live, but as a city in which they could work. It was the biggest building project of its kind, a city within a city, and of the forerunner of projects that have sprung up all over the world. 30 architects, 120 draftsmen, and hundreds of other artists and technicians were employed just to draft the plans. Before the buildings could be erected,229 old buildings had to be emptied of 4,000 tenants and razed. Just to buy up the leases took over two years and cost over $6,000,000. The unusual shape and setbacks of the 70-story RCA building resulted primarily from practical considerations such as lighting, the movement of people and the buildings services. The lower concourse and basement level were set aside for shops. A sunken plaza, complete with gardens and fountains, was designed to provide access to these shops. Today the plaza, which is used for ice-skating in winter and dining and dancing in summer , is one of the centres most popular attractions.1.Which of the following statement is the main idea of the passage?A) The pleasant work environment.B) The purpose of the RCA building setbacks.C) The recreational facilities at Rockefeller.D) The architectural significance of Rockefeller centre.2.From the passage we know, Rockefeller centre was originally planed to serve as what kind of complex?A) Commercial.B) Recreational.C) Housing.D) Tourist.3.Which of the following is true about Rockefeller centre?A) It was patterned after an ancient design.B) It has been imitated numerous times.C) All shopkeepers were required to take two-year leases.D) 4,000 tenants are located in the complex.4.According to the passage, what does the shape of the RCA building reflect ?A) Architectural creativity.B) City regulation.C) Practical considerations.D) Decreased space needs.5.The sunken plaza at Rockefeller centre was originally designed as _.A) an entrance of shopsB) an ice-skating rinkC) a restaurantD) a tourist attraction答案与解析：1.D 文章的中心思想是什么。主旨题。文章开头、结尾中可见Rockefeller Center 非同寻常，并起着重要作用，吸引着许多人，可知D正确。 2.A Rockefeller Center最初作为一种什么建筑群存在。判断题。文中229 old buildings had to be emptied of 4000 tenants and razed .可见A 正确。从文章开头“not as a place where people could live”可知B不正确。C和D未提到。3.B根据短文，下面关于Rockefeller 中心的叙述哪种不正确。判断题。文章中间部分讲“building resulted primarily from practical conside rations such as”所以B正确。A文中未提到，C说all the shopkeepers 要租两年文中不能推出，文中只是说在建之前4000个佃户要腾房，并不指他们都主进建筑群中，所以D不正确4.C Rockefeller 建筑反映了哪种建筑形式。句意理解题。文中倒数第四句”from practical considerations such as ”可知C正确。A建筑创新、B城市规划、D减少空间都不合题意。5.A 下陷的Rockefeller 广场最初设计的目的是_。细节理解题。文章中倒数第二句”A sunken plaza ,complete with gardens and fountains, was designed to provide access to these shops .” 可知A正确。B说作为滑冰场这是现在的用途，C和D都不合题意。When I was growing up, the whole world was Jewish. The heroes were Jewish and the villains were Jewish. The landlord, the doctor, the grocer, your best friend, the village idiot, and the neighborhood bully: all Jewish. We were working class and immigrants as well, but that just come with the territory. Essentially we were Jews on the streets of New York. We learned to be kind, cruel, and smart and feeling in a mixture of language and gesture that was part street slang, part grade-school English, part kitchen Yiddish. One Sunday evening when I was eight years old my parents and I were riding in the back seat of my rich uncles car. We had been out for a ride and now we were back in the Bronx, headed for home. Suddenly, another car sideswiped us. My mother and aunt shrieked. My uncle swore softly. My father, in whose lap I was sitting, said out the window at the speeding car, “Thats all right. Nothing but a few Jews in here.” In an instant I knew everything. I knew there was a world beyond our streets, and in that world my father was a humiliated man, without power or standing. When I was sixteen a girl in the next building had her nose straightened; we all went together to see Selma Shapiro lying in state, wrapped in bandages from which would emerge a person fit for life beyond the block. Three buildings away a boy went downtown for a job, and on his application he wrote “Anold Brown” instead of “Anold Braunowiitz.” The news swept through the neighborhood like a wild fire. A name change? What was happening here? It was awful; it was wonderful. It was frightening; it was delicious. Whatever it was, it wasnt standstill.Thing felt lively and active. Self-confidence was on the rise, passivity on the wane. We were going to experience challenges. Thats what it meant to be in the new world. For the first time we could imagine ourselves out there. But whom exactly do I mean when I say we? I mean Arinie, not Selma. I mean my brother, not me. I mean the boys, not the girls. My mother stood behind me, pushing me forward. “The girls goes to college, too,” she said. And I did. But my going to college would not mean the same thing as my brothers going to college, and we all knew it. For my brother, college meant going from the Bronx to Manhattan. But for me? From the time I was fourteen I yearned to get out of the Bronx, but get out into what? I did not actually imagine myself a working person alone in Manhattan and nobody else did either. What I did imagine was that I would marry, and that the man I married would get me downtown. He would break the perils of class and race, and some how Id be there alongside him.1.In the passage, we can find the author was_.A) quite satisfied with her lifeB) a poor Jewish girlC) born in a middle-class familyD) a resident in a rich area in New York2.Why did the authors father say “Nothing but a few Jews in here”?A) He was asking for help.B) He was complaining.C) He was reassuring.D) He wanted to know why their car was sideswiped.3.Selma Shapiro had her nose straightened because she wanted _.A) to look her bestB) to find a new job in the neighborhoodC) to live a new life in other placesD) to marry very soon4.Anold Brown changed his name because _.A) there was racial discrimination in employmentB) Brown was just the same as BraunowiitzC) it was easy to writeD) Brown sounds better5.From the passage we can infer that _.A) the Jews were satisfied with their life in the BronxB) the Jewish immigrants could not be richC) all the immigrants were very poorD) the young Jews didnt accept the stern reality女孩一直在纽约犹太人聚居区生活。直到有一天，她终于发现犹太人在社会上的地位竟然如此低下，无权无地位，遭人看不起。犹太小伙子找工作时，特意改掉带有犹太人传统的姓氏。非但如此，犹太人男女机会不均，男孩们求学上进，以期能离开贫民聚居的布鲁克斯区，到曼哈顿求发展；女孩们则只能期待嫁个好丈夫，能抛开阶级和人种的阻碍，带自己进入富人区。1.B 从文中可知作者_。细节题。根据文中作者的描述，不难看出她是个犹太人，而且家境并不好，是个女孩， 所以B项描述正确。作者并不满意自己的生活状态，因此A项不符；C项描述不符合事实，她家无钱无地位；文中已指出作者生活在贫民众多的布鲁克斯区，所以D项描述也不正确。 2C。为什么作者的父亲说“Nothing but a few Jews in here”?意图理解题。从作者在后面加的注解in that world my father was a humiliated man,without power or standing.“在那个世界中，我父亲是个谦卑的人，无权无地位”，可以判定，她的父亲说这话不是为了得到救助，也不可能是在埋怨别人超车，更不会是想要知道别人超车的理由是什么，而是向对方道歉。因为犹太人不被人看重，说这话意味着“不必担心，是我们的错！”。C项符合作者意图。3B。Selma Shapiro 做鼻子矫形手术是为了_。推理判断题。Selma Shapiro做鼻子矫形手术是为了在别的地方开始新的生活，作者说Selma Shapiro 包着绷带（wrapped in bandages），从绷带下会emerge a person fit for life beyond the block，即离开这个街区，开始新的生活。因此B项符合。其余选项均不是Selma Shapiro的想法。4A。Anold Brown 改姓的原因是_。判断题。从作者写这一段文字的字里行间可以得知，犹太男孩女孩为了避免种族歧视，采取了各种方法，如做整形手木，填求职表时改掉带有犹太人传统的姓氏等，因此这个犹太男孩改姓的根本原因是因为招工中存在着种族歧视，不得已只好将带有犹太人印记的姓氏改为普通的美国姓氏。因此A项判断正确。5.D。 从文中可推断_。判断题。犹太男孩女孩都想跳离生活的圈子，谋求更好的发展机会，所以A项表述不正确；作者提到过她的rich uncles car说明还是有犹太人是富裕的，因此B项也不对；B项即不正确则说明C项也不符文章内容；D项指“年轻的犹太人不愿接受严酷的现实”，这一点可在文中最后一段作者提到她的弟弟以及她本人的奋斗时已表露无遗，因此是正确的In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred only to trade restricting and trade expanding devices, such as the tariff or export subsidy. The new protectionism is much broader than this: it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term “prot ection.” But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations. The emergence of the new protectionism in the Western world reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy. Jab Tumiler writes, “The old protectionismcoexisted, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptance of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism indeed, protectionists as well as (if not more than) free traders stood for laissez faire(放任政策). Now, as in the 1930s, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of the market to distribute resources and incomes to societies satisfaction.” It is precisely this profound skepticism of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various colorsimplies redistribution of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government intervenes to bring about a more desired result. The victory of the welfare state is almost complete in