宾语从句讲解联系.doc

宾语从句讲解和练习1定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2构成：关联词+简单句 3引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： (1)从属连词that。如： Hetoldusthathefeltill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。 Iknowhehasreturned.我知道他已经回来了。 注：that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。 1EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。) 大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。 2Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。) 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 3ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydontbelieve.(that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。) 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 4Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationaryperiod.(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。) 鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。 (2)从属连词if/whether。如： Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed.我怀疑他是否会成功。 Idontknowifyoucanhelpme.我不知道你能否帮助我。 (3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 连接副词where,when,how,why。 如： Whoorwhathewas,Martinneverlearned. 他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。 Iwonderwhatheswritingtomeabout.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。 IlltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。 Youmaydowhatyouwill.你可做任何你想做的事。 (1)介词宾语从句 宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如： Hewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatday. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。 Iwalkedovertowhereshesat.我走向她坐的地方。 Iamcuriousastowhathewillsay.我很想知道他要说什么。 Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。 有时介词可以省略。如： Idontcare(for)whomarrieshim.我不管谁跟他结婚。 Becareful(asto)howyoudothat.你要注意做这件事的方式。 1如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如： WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday. 我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。 Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein. 他已表明他不会屈服。 2作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except,but,in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如： Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheiscareless. 他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。 YoumayrelyonitthatIshallhelpyou.你可以指望我会帮助你的。 介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如： Areyousorryforwhatyouvedone? 你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？ 3某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等，连词that可省略。如： IamnotsurewhatIoughttodo. 我不能确定我该做什么。 ImafraidyoudontunderstandwhatIsaid. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。 ImsurprisedthatIdidntseeallthatbefore. 我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。 Motherwasverypleasedherdaughterhadpassedtheexams. 妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。 4连词whether(ornot)或if引导的宾语从句 if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和ornot连用，if一般不与ornot连用。如： Iwonderwhetheritistrueornot.我不知它是真是假。 用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较： Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo. Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo. if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。 5宾语从句的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如： Idontthinkyouareright.我认为你错了。 Idontbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。 Idontsupposehecares,doeshe?我想他不在意，是吗？ 6宾语从句的时态变化规律： (1)当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。 (2)当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如： Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun. 老师说地球绕着太阳运行。宾语从句专项练习一.单选1. The teacher asked the students _. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted2. Could you tell me _ ? A. what the matter is with you B. what was the matter with you C. hats the matter with you D. whats the wrong with you .3.He asked me _ I could sing the song My Heart will Go On. A. if B. weather C.what D. that4.Our teacher told us that the moon _ round the earth. A. went B. turned C.go D. turns5. It makes no difference _. A. whether will you come tomorrow.B. Whether or not will be pass the exam C. If he will come to the meeting or not D. Whether he will come to the meeting or not6. They dont know _ their parents are. A.that B. what C. why D. which7. I am sure _ you said is true. A. what B. that C. which D. who 8. The old man told us _ and _. A. to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do it C. what to do, how to do it D. what to do , how to do9.-Do you know when the World Cup _ next week? - Next Friday. When it _, I will ring you. A. begins, begins B. begins, will begin C. will begin, will begin D. will begin, begins10.- Today or tomorrow? - What are you talking about? - We are talking about _ to give a talk on WTO. A. how B. where C. when D. what11. I wonder _. A. where does he live B. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives12. - Are you sure you have to ? Its been very late. - I dont know _ I can do it if not now. A. where B. why C. when D. how13. -Would you please tell me _? - In a small village near Niingbo. A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was born C. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born14. The photograph will show you _. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like15. - Can you guess if they _ to play basketball with us? - I think theyll come if they _ free. A.will come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be16. -Where does he come from ?- Pardon? - I asked where_. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from17. She wondered _. A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computer C. how much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer18. -Do you know _? - Im not sure. Maybe he is a businessman. A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do19. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. （北京市东城区） A. that B. how C. what D. if 20. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English. （杭州市） A. why B. when C. how D. where 21. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. （鄂州市） A. what B. who C. which D. where 22. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. （重庆市） A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when 23. Do you know _ ? Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know. （北京市海淀区） A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 24. W here do you think _ he _ the computer? Sorry, I have no idea. （南京市） A. ; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy 25. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. （重庆市） A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what wrong was 26. Where is Jack? He is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . （南昌市） A. that B. which C. where D. there 二、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?4What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.5Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly. 三、用合适的连接词填空。1. Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）四、句型转换。1. “Do you want to try it?” Toms mother asked him.(同义句)Toms mother asked him _ _ _ to try it.2. I think this is a good i