2014年译林牛津高中英语一轮复习配套讲义讲义必修一Un.doc

Unit 2Growing pains第二层级背句子、学衔接，让作文字顺意畅1According to the rules and regulations, it is compulsory for us to live in the dormitories of our school.根据规章制度，住校是我们的义务。2For the sake of convenience, there are a large percentage of students boarding with local families in and around village.为了方便起见，有很大比例的学生寄宿在本村或周围村庄的当地家庭。3There are a variety of afterclass activities in our school.我们学校有各种各样的课下活动。4These activities benefit us a lot.这些活动对我们很有益。5The dream of going to the firstclass university attracts us greatly and we have made up our minds to achieve it.上一流大学的梦想极大地吸引着我们，我们已下决心来实现它。6We are going through great hardship.我们正经历极度困难的时期。,1.使用however连接1、2句According_to_the_rules_and_regulations,_it_is_compulsory_for_us_to_live_in_the_dormitories_of_our_school;_however,_for_the_sake_of_convenience,_there_are_a_large_percentage_of_students_boarding_with_local_families_in_and_around_village.2使用非限制性定语从句连接3、4句There_are_a_variety_of_afterclass_activities_in_our_school，which_benefit_us_a_lot.3使用介词短语in spite of连接5、6句The_dream_of_going_to_the_firstclass_university_attracts_us_greatly_and_we_have_made_up_our_minds_to_achieve_it_in_spite_of_great_hardship.选用“however, for example, in spite of great hardship”过渡词语衔接成文。According to the rules and regulations, it is compulsory for us to live in the dormitories of our school; however,_for the sake of convenience, there are a large percentage of students boarding with local families in and around village.In our school, there are a variety of afterclass activities, which benefit us a lot.For_example,_the English corner gives me a chance to distinguish myself by speaking English fluently.In_spite_of_great_hardship,_the dream of going to the firstclass university motivates us greatly and we have made up our minds to achieve it.()单词拼写1“I cant_tolerate (容忍) your bad manners any longer，” said the man angrily.2I cant afford a lawyer so I shall_defend (辩解) myself in court.3The German team deserved (应得) to win the championship because they played much better than any of the other teams.4It is a parents responsibility to ensure that their children do not suffer any harm_ (伤害)5The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with a(n) emergency (紧急情况) is to stay calm.6Martin might be useful to us, but he would have to be handled (应付) carefully.7If you think that these transport problems can be solved by building more roads, you completely misunderstand (误解) the nature of the problem.8. The show was so boring that I could hardly sit through the first act (一幕)9There is a heartbreaking news report about starving (挨饿) children.10Never in his life had he seen such splendid scene (景色)()用所给词的适当形式填空1The judge didnt believe Jims explanation (explain) that he had stolen the money in order to give it to charity. 2The central argument (argue) of the book is that some of the plays were not written by Shakespeare. 3Martha showed independence (dependence) of judgement in choosing a career quite different from that of her parents. 4The teachers are given complete_freedom (free) in their choice of teaching methods. 5Ive made great progress in my English under the teachers guidance (guide). 6Where do you get the patience (patient) to wait in those long queues? ()语境填词1After seeing the _frightening_ film, the _frightened_ boy was _frightened_ to walk home alone in the dark.(frighten)2I _tended_ my brother carefully, and he had the _tendency_ to recover soon.(tend)3Time is _limited,_but there is no _limit_ to serving the people.(limit)1Billy was the youngest boy on the hike, but he kept_up_with (跟上) the others.2Dont mix_up_ (混淆) the bottles youll have to repeat the experiment if you do.3I would appreciate it if you could keep it a secret.Certainly I will. You can depend_on (依赖) it.4I admire the way shes still so cheerful after all shes gone_through (经历)5When talking about Spain, people tend_to (往往) associate it with bullfighting a sport, which is exciting as well as cruel.6The father loves his sons, but is also hard_on (对苛刻) them. He wishes all of them to be able to go on with his work in the future.7I want to stay_up (熬夜) tonight and watch the late movie on TV.8I cant_wait_to (迫不及待地) know the conclusion of the meeting.【短语归纳】1turn up调高(音量)；出现2cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事3be supposed to 应当，应该4do with 处理，对付5be hard on 对苛刻，对严厉6stay up 不睡觉，熬夜7mix up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和8insist on 坚持，坚持认为9at present 现在10go through 经历；仔细检查或寻找11keep up with 赶上，跟上12in a mess 杂乱无章，一团糟13tend to 易于，往往，倾向14depend on 依赖，依靠1Listen to me, young man we left you in charge!听我说，年轻人我们将这个家委托给你负责！解读left you in charge 为“leave宾语宾语补足语”结构，意为“使处于某种状态”。 仿写政府对一些父母为了生计把小孩独自留在家中这一问题高度关注。The government has shown great concern about the issue that some parents leave_their_children_alone_at_home in order to make a living.2Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看上去很不高兴。解读has his arms crossed为“have/has宾语宾语补足语”结构。仿写我们不能容忍网络谣言任意传播。We wont have the online rumors spreading.3Sometimes he acts as if he doesnt love us at all.有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。解读as if“似乎，好像”，引导方式状语从句，也可引导表语从句。仿写有些人一失去工作或失恋，就觉得好像到了世界末日似的。Some people, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as_if_it_were_the_end_of_the_world.4Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.还有，每次我看DVD，他就催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。解读every time为名词短语在此用作连词，引导时间状语从句。仿写每次回家，他都会遇到严重的交通阻塞。 Every_time_he_goes_home,_he meets with severe traffic jams.一、常考词汇细点拨1scene n(戏剧的)一场；现场；场面；景色高考佳句You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.(2013辽宁高考任务型阅读)你可以吸几口气，想象一下愉快的事情，如：大自然优美的风景或你爱的人。on the scene 在现场；当场appear/come on the scene 出场；登场the scene of the accident 事故现场behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中The journalist, who was on the scene, interviewed the people injured in the deadly oil pipeline blast in Qingdao.现场的记者采访了在青岛石油管道爆炸中受伤的人们。The students were able to go behind_the_scenes to see how programmes are made.学生们可以跑到后台，去看看节目是怎么制作出来的。辨析比较scene, view, sight, scenery试一试选择以上单词填空Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful_scenery. There are a lot of tourist attractions here, among which the West Lake is one. If you stand on the top of Leifeng Pagoda, youll get a good_view_of it. You can see the boats on the lake making a beautiful_scene_. Welcome to Hangzhou and see the_sights_of it.辨一辨scene指局部的(一处的)、一眼可见的风景，不限于自然的风景；也指舞台的场景scenery指某一国家或地区整体的自然风景，由多个scene构成的景色，即风景的总称，是不可数名词view指人从某一特定地点看到的景色、风景，尤指由高处眺望到的景色sight指某一地区值得观赏的具有特色的人文景观，风景名胜等2upset adj.心烦意乱的；不高兴的，失望的 vt.使不高兴，使失望；弄翻，打翻；打乱，扰乱(计划等)Several flies kept upsetting the boy who was studying. He was so upset that he upset a cup of water on the desk. 好几只苍蝇一直烦扰这个正在学习的男孩。他心烦意乱，以致打翻了桌子上的一杯水教材原句Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看上去很不高兴。Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with theperson who upset you.(2013辽宁高考任务型阅读)记住：原谅并不意味着能再次和冒犯你的人成为好朋友。(1)be upset about/by/at/over sth.为某事烦心(2)(sth.) upset sb.(某事)使某人心烦意乱(sb.) upset sth. (某人)打/弄翻某物It upsets sb. that . 让人烦心的是We are upset about the phenomenon that people turn a blind eye to the old in trouble.我们对这种处于困境中的老人被人们漠视的现象担忧。 It_upsets_him_that nobody has bothered to tell him about it.让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。名师指津(1)upset 为表语形容词而非定语形容词。(2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。3defend vt.辩解；辩白，防御，保护 教材原句They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.他们甚至从不给我辩解的机会。China and its armed forces have the confidence and capability to defend the Diaoyu Islands, the Defense Ministry said on Thursday.中国和其武装部队有信心和能力保卫钓鱼岛，国防部周四说。(1)defend oneself自我辩护；自卫 defend . from/against 保卫；使免受之害(2)defence/defense n. 防御；辩护in defence of 为了保卫；为辩护Its natural for a country to defend itself from other countries.一个国家保护自己免受其他国家的伤害是很自然的事。We dont know how many people gave their lives in_defence_of freedom. 我们不知道有多少人为捍卫自由而献出生命。4deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 教材原句They dont deserve an explanation.他们不配得到解释。deserve to do sth.值得做某事deserve doing deserve to be done 值得被做/该被做It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.(2013福建高考阅读D)这是一个人们最终普遍认可的事实：一个受教育的单身女士应当和男士拥有平等的机会，不管是在性别上她感觉多么处于劣势。If you do wrong, you deserve punishing/to_be_punished.你如果做错事，应当受罚。联想归纳deserve doing是主动形式表示被动含义。类似的常用词还有：need,_want,_require等。5insist vt. & vi.坚持；坚持认为；坚决要求教材原句Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework, and instead insists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music.最近，他一直拒绝做家庭作业，相反的是，他硬要把时间浪费在看碟片和听外国音乐上。insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持做某事insist that . 坚持/坚持认为/坚决要求The young man insisted on being sent to the front，which moved all the people present.那个年轻人坚持被派往前线，这感动了在场的所有人。The Beijing High Court insisted that Han Lei (should) be sentenced to death.北京高院坚持韩磊应当被判处死刑。名师指津一言串记Tom broke Marys cup this morning.Mary insisted on his apology, but Tom refused.He insisted that he hadnt done that.At last, Mary got angry and insisted that Tom should buy her a new cup besides an apology.今天早晨汤姆打碎了玛丽的杯子。玛丽坚持要他道歉，但是汤姆拒绝了。他坚持说他没有打碎杯子。最后，玛丽生气了，她除了要得到道歉外坚持要求汤姆为她买一个新杯子。6forbid vt. (forbade, forbidden) 禁止，不准教材原句He even forbids me from chatting with my friends in the Internet cafe!他甚至禁止我在网吧与朋友聊天！Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.(2013天津高考阅读A)请注意图书馆禁止带食品和水果，但可以喝随身带的饮料和吃糖果。forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 禁止某人做某事We should take measures to forbid_returning illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.我们应采取措施禁止地沟油回流餐桌。She says Tom has forbidden her to go out with us.她说汤姆不许她和我们一块出去。联想归纳forbid后应该用动名词作宾语，用不定式作宾语补足语，类似的动词还有：allow;_permit;_advise等。7normal adj. 正常的；一般的 n. 通常标准；一般水平教材原句As teenagers grow, it is normal for them to become confused with the changing world both inside and outside of them.随着青少年的成长，他们对内心以及外部正在变化的世界感到困惑是正常的。More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times.(2013江西高考)灾难发生时，一个国家不仅仅给予另一个国家帮助，而且在正常情况下，将给予其他一些更有效的帮助形式。(1)Its normal to do .做是正常的return/come back to normal 恢复正常above/below normal 标准以上/下(2)abnormal adj. 反常的Its normal to feel tired after such a long trip.这样的长途旅行后感到疲劳是正常的。All of the countries in the world hope that Syria will stop war and that everything can return_to_normal soon.世界各国都希望叙利亚尽快停止战争，并且一切能够恢复正常。辨析比较normal, common, ordinary, usual试一试选择以上单词填空Today Li Lei, a(n) ordinary senior high student, has to get up earlier than usual because he will take an important exam.At half past six, he comes to the bus stop, where he will take the regular bus to his school. It is normal for a student to feel nervous before an exam, which is very common. Li Lei is no exception, but he says he will try his best to do well in the coming exam.辨一辨normal形容人或物“符合常态或常规”，反义词是abnormalcommon强调许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”，与rare(罕见的)相反ordinary指与一般事物的性质、标准相同，强调“平常”而无奇特之处，与special相反usual“通常的，惯常的”，强调“习惯性，一贯如此”，反义词是unusual8tend vi. 往往；趋向 vt. & vi.照看，护理教材原句Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard.男孩和女孩在这方面往往有所不同。(1)tend to do sth.倾向于做某事，易于做某事tend to/towards sth. 倾向于某事物tend (to) sb./sth. 照料，护理某人/某物(2)tendency n. 倾向，趋势have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事What is worse, some people even tend to send anonymous (匿名的) rude messages by email.(2013安徽高考)更糟的是，一些人甚至往往通过电子邮件发送匿名粗鲁的信息。A team of medical workers were sent to_tend_(to) the survivors of the earthquake.一组医护人员被派去照料地震中的幸存者。It is reported that housing prices have a tendency to decrease in some cities.据报道房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。9limit n. C限制；极限；界限vt.限制教材原句Many boys become risktakers they want to find their own limits and the limits of the world around them, but may not have the wisdom to make good choices in their behaviour.很多男孩成为危险尝试者他们希望找到自己的局限和他们周边世界的局限，但也许并不具有对其行为作出正确抉择的智慧。Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.(2013北京高考任务型阅读)城市通过征收农民税而生存下来，而且在大小方面受到农业人口生产的剩余食品的数量以及从农村到城市运送剩余食品能力的制约。(1)set a limit to限制，控制within limits 在一定程度上，有一定限制without limit 无限地to the limit 到了最大限度 (2)limit .to . 把限定在之内Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without_limit.生命有限，知识无涯。We must limit_the expenses to_what we can afford.我们必须把开销限制在我们的经济能力范围内。链接高考(2011湖北高考)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _ our thinking. AdirectBlimitCchange Dimprove解析：选B句意：如果我们要想成功，知识和学问是重要的，但是它们可能也限制了我们的思维。direct“指引，指导”；limit“限制”；change“改变”；improve“提高”。根据句意可知选B。二、间考词汇自识记1frightened adj.受惊吓的；受惊的，害怕的be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事be frightened to death. 吓死Id never do that. Id be frightened to death.我绝不会干那事。我会吓死的。2starve vi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿starve to death 饿死starve for 渴望；急需 The children are starving for affection.这些孩子渴望受人疼爱。3. annoyed adj.愤怒的，生气的be annoyed with sb.生某人的气be annoyed at/for/about sth. 对某事恼火be annoyed to do sth. 因干某事而恼火I hope she wont be annoyed at my carless mistakes.我希望她不会因为我粗心犯下的错误而恼怒。单词对点集训.单项填空1(2014江苏海门高三诊断)I would like to live in this room, which has a fine _of the mountains.AsceneBsceneryCview Deyesight解析：选C句意：我想住这个房间，从这里可以看到山峦的美景。view 指从某个位置或角度看到的景色，符合题意。scene 指展现在眼前的场景；scenery 指某地总体的自然风光和景色；eyesight意为“视力”。2(2014皖南八校高三联考)Putin has won the Russians presidential election as expected, over which many hold the opinion that he _ it in terms of his contribution to the country.Apermits BdeservesCadmits Dpreserves解析：选B句意：普京如期赢得了俄罗斯总统大选，对此很多人认为就他对俄罗斯的贡献而言，是当之无愧的。deserve“应得，应受，值得”，符合句意。3(2014江苏名校高三模拟)Dont blame him for what he did. Lively behaviour is quite _ for a sixyearold child.Anormal BoccasionalCavailable Durgent解析：选A句意：不要因他所做的事而责怪他了。活泼好动对于一个六岁的孩子来说是正常的。normal “正常的”，符合句意。occasional“偶然的”；available“可获得的”；urgent“紧急的”。4(2014南京金陵中学模拟)Im extremely_at the way he always stares at me in the office.Aannoyed BabusedCoccupied Dburied解析：选A句意：他在办公室里老是目不转睛地盯着我看，真把我气坏了。annoyed意为“生气的”，符合句意。5(2014徐州高三模拟)Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, whose days are _， is full of difficulties.Alimited BgoneCexhausted Dexperienced解析：选A句意：我们生命旅程的日子是有限的，正像一次海上航行，充满了艰辛。limit“限制”，符合句意。6(2014浙江六校联盟第一次联考)Parents who _to sing to their children may help with childrens development of language skills.Aadd BtendCamount Dfocus解析：选B句意：那些经常给孩子们唱歌的父母可能会帮助他们提升语言技能。tend to do sth.“往往会做某事”。7(2014淮北重点中学联考)Her adaptable mind is always open to new knowledge and _of others viewpoints, which makes her popular with her colleagues.Aparticular BtolerantCjealous Dambitious解析：选B句意：她适应能力强，容易接受新事物、宽容他人的特点，使得她很受同事欢迎。be tolerant of“对容忍，宽容”，符合句意。particular“详细的，特别的”；jealous“妒忌的，猜疑的”；ambitious“野心勃勃的，有雄心的”。8(2014淮阴中学模拟)Though he missed a chance _his gold medal, he said he felt satisfied with the response from the crowd, coaches and his opponents in the final.Adefending Bto defendCto defending Dto be defended解析：选B句意：尽管他失去了蝉联冠军的机会，他说他对在决赛中来自观众、教练以及对手的反应感到满意。chance后常接动词不定式作定语。9(2014成都七中入学考试)You guys will most probably be working too hard in the coming year, so we teachers hope you can keep a_between work and relaxation.Apromise BleadCbalance Ddiary解析：选C句意：你们在未来的一年里学习可能会很辛苦，所以我们老师希望你们能在学习和放松之间保持平衡。balance“平衡”，符合语境。.多维演练题组1insist 面面观1用所给词的适当形式填空I insist on your taking (take) immediate action to put this right.The old man insisted that he was (be) from the countryside.He insisted that he hadnt_stolen (steal) money and (should)_go_ (go) unpunished.2Yu Fang insisted that she _ tired and was willing to stay the night but I insisted that she _ at once.Ashould be; go Bwas; must goCwas; went Dwas; go解析：选D句意：于芳坚持说累了并愿意留下住一夜，而我建议她马上走。当insist 表示“坚持说”时，后接的宾语从句用陈述语气，表示“坚持要求”时，后接的宾语从句用虚拟语气。第一个insist 表示“坚持说”，故其后的宾语从句用陈述语气；第二个insist 则表示“坚持要求”，故谓语动词用“(should)go”。题组2forbid 点点练1一句多译关于此事我不许你告诉任何人。I_forbid_you_to_tell_anyone_about_it.I_forbid_you_from_telling_anyone_about_it.I_forbid_your_telling_anyone_about_it.2(2014滁州中学模拟)What worried the mother most was _ the Internet after class in this school.Aher sons not forbidding surfingBher sons not being forbidden to surfCher sons being not forbidden to surfDher sons having not forbidden surfing解析：选B句意：让这位母亲最为担忧的是，在这所学校她的儿子下课后没有被禁止上网。forbid常用于forbid sb.to do sth.结构。动词ing形式的否定形式是在其前加not。1cant wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事教材原句Yes, I cant wait to surprise the boys!是的，我迫不及待地想给孩子们一个惊喜！It is a long time since he left home, so he cant wait to see his family. 他离开家很久了，所以他迫不及待地想看到家人。After the game, he couldnt_wait_to_tell_me the exciting result. 比赛结束后，他迫不及待地要把这个令人兴奋的结果告诉我。We are waiting for the rain to stop before we go out.我们要等到雨停了再出去。2be supposed to (表示按照义务、规则、法律或约定等)应该，应当；被认为高考佳句The phones all have cameras, computers and a “globalpositioning” something or other thats supposed