常用的前缀和后缀.doc

1. Part of speech: n. v. a. ad. a.+ly n. + ly =a. 2. meaning in English , definition synonyms, antonyms enhance; strengthen, heighten, stress enlarge encourage enormous: huge, Giant Panda, lesser panda,vast, gigantic, titanic, the Grand Canal, the Great Hall of the People the Great Wall hinder: block, profession: post, position, summer vacation, vocation, career, employment, work, job, Jinmao Tower / Mansion The 2nd round of China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogues T T TReading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. Company, companion, connect contact contract, collect, colleague, co-worker, co-author, co-op. fluency fluently To keep a diary com- con- col- co- cor-Journalist, reporter, correspondent, 3. fixed collocation close to = near the school v. 4. The blank needs what part of speech. Shopping v. nInteresting Be interested in a. v. We should read China Daily daily as a daily routine. Monthly biweekly bimonthly quarterly yearbook = annual Affix = prefixes + roots/stems + suffixes常用的前缀和后缀Prediction prewar postwarPostgraduate school undergraduate Postscript P.S. 又 Tapescript grad employment postman postcard, postcode, post office postmark postage Before + say + n. By means of fast student Mean v a. n.Means n. 1、常用前缀 prefixes 0) a- not psychology Atypical pneumonia, asexual CloneA morally im morality SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Taiwan, Tibet, Trade aero-：concerning the air of aircraft planeaeroplane，spaceaerospace1) anti-：against；opposite ofNuclear family / extended familyDINC: Double Income, No Children 2) Security BRIC 3) antinuclear，matterantimatter，war antiwar auto-：of or by oneself auto mobile biographyautobiography，automobile criticismautocriticismbe-：to treat as the stated thingfriendbefriend v.，littlebelittle v.bi-：two；twice；doublelingualbilingual education，monologue / dialogue monocycle triangle tricycle cyclebicycle bike linguist linguistics bio-：concerning living thingschemistrybiochemistry，spherebiosphereby-，bye-：less importantproduceby-produce，waybywaycenti-：hundredth part 200C degree gradecentigrade，metercentimetercm dm decimeter December decade co-：together，with：coexistent authorcoauthor，existcoexistencecol-：( used before l ) together，withlocationcollocate ion, colleaguecom-：( used before b，m，p ) together，with combine combination communicate companion company hear = listen to look into = investigate look forward to = expect look at = see look after = take care of = tend look like = resemble look up to = respect look down upon = disdain look up = consult look back = turn back look around = look about look out = be careful look for / find look on = watch look in = drop in =pay a visit to sb.Look through = skim, browse Look over = visit passioncompassion company 连companion connect contract contact con-：together，withcentricconcenteric，concentrate federationconfederation2) contra-：oppositedictioncontradiction，naturalcontranaturalcor-：( used before r ) together，withrelatecorrelate，respondcorrespondent 3) counter-：oppositeactcounteract，= attackcounterattackCounterclockwise ad. cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining themcountrycross-country，breedcrossbreed4) de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce decipher codedecode，valuedevalue5) dis-：not；the opposite ofadvantagedisadvantage，agreedisagree，honestdishonestem-：( used before b，m，p ) to cause to becomebodyembody，powerempoweren-：to cause to become；to makedangerendanger，largeenlargeex-：former ( and still living )ministerex-minister，wifeex-wifeformer president = late Chairman Liu president extra-：outside；beyondcurricularextracurricular，ordinaryextraordinaryfore-：in advance，before；in or at the frontarmforearm，warnforewarnil-：( used before l ) notlegalillegal，literateilliterateim-：( used before b，m，p ) notmoralimmoral，possibleimpossibleimbalance = lose/ keep ones balance in-：notdirectindirect，sensitiveinsensitiveinfra-：below in a range；beyondredinfrared，structureinfrastructureinter-：between；amongchangeinterchange，nationalinternationalintra-：inside，within；intocityintra-city，departmentintra-departmentir-：（used before r）notregularirregular，responsibleirresponsiblekilo-：thousand - gramkilogram，kgmeterkilometer km kiloliter kilowatt macro-：large，esp. concerning a whole system rather thanparticular parts ofeconomicsmacroeconomics，structuremacrostructuremal-：bad or badly mal-use function malfunction，treatmaltreat the prisoners of war telescope micro-：extremely small microscope computermicrocomputer，electronicsmicroelectronicsmid-：middle daymidday，nightmidnightmini-：small；short dislike, unlike busminibus，skirtminiskirtmis-：bad or badly；wrong or wronglyfortunemisfortune，unfortunate unlucky understandmisunderstandmono-：one；singleplanemonoplane，tonemonotonemulti-：more than one；manypurposemultipurpose，nationalmultinational force non-：not nonstop bus, non-smoker resident non(-)resident，sensenonsenseout-：outside；beyondliveoutlive，dooroutdoorover-：too much；above；additionalheadoverhead，timeovertimepoly-：manycentricpolycentric，syllabicpolysyllabicpost-：later than；aftergraduatepostgraduate，warpostwarpre-：before；in advancepayprepay，warprewarpro-：in favor of，supportingAmericapro-America，abortionpro-abortionpseudo-：not real；falsenamepseudonym，sciencepseudosciencere-：again；back to the former stateunitereunite，usereuseself-：by means of oneself or itself；of，to，with，for，or inoneself or itselfemployedself-employed，taughtself-taughtsemi-：half；partlycirclesemicircle，finalsemifinalstep-：not by birth but through a parent who has remarried motherstepmother，childrenstepchildrensub-：under，below；less important；part of the stated biggerwholedividesubdivide，sectionsubsectionsuper-：more，larger，greater than usual marketsupermarket，naturalsupernaturaltele-：at or over a long distance；by or for televisioncommunicationtelecommunication，screentelescreentherm(o)-：concerning heatchemistrythermochemistry，meterthermometertrans-: across, on or to the other side of ; betweenAtlantictransatlantic，planttransplanttri-: three; three timesangulartriangular，cycletricycleultra-: beyond; very, extremelymodernultramodern，soundultrasoundun-: notcertainuncertain，fortunateunfortunateunlock, untie, unfasten, unwrap, unsealunload, unfold, under-: too little; belowdevelopunder-develop，seaunderseauni-: one, singerformuniform，unify unite unique unidirectionalunidirectionalvice-: next in the rank; belowchairmanvice-chairman，presidentvice-president2.常用后缀（1）名词后缀 -able ibleEatable = edible oil 1.-ability，-ibility：ableability，flexibleflexibility capable Be capability of doing = be able to do 2. -age: postpostage，shortshortageBaggage luggage often = orphanage NO.1 3 -al: v. + al = n. n. + al = a. proposal The criminal was sentenced to death. Life imprisonment national natural original deposit money put away your money in the bank1) arrivearrival，refuserefusal2) deny denial, try trial, 3) withdrawal 1) -an，-ian，-arian: librarylibrarian, musicmusician American -ant ent a. insistent assistant -ance，-ence: v. + appearappearance, referreference book / room reading room -ancy，-ency: emergeemergency exit cy, expectexpectancyfluency , frequency -ant，-ent: applyapplicant, Persistent, insistant study student correspondcorrespondentjournalist, reporter, newsman, newspapermanpress conference creation -cy: accurateaccuracy, privateprivacy-dom: kingkingdom, freefreedomWisdom wise -ee: employemployee- employer clerk - manager worker - boss examiner examinee teacher studenttrainer - trainee coach player/ athlete / sportsman interviewer interviewee-er，-or，-ar: paintpainter, act actor, begbeggar, a black white lie = fib liar, burglar, scholar -ery: bravebravery, child loan slaveslavery-ese: ChinaChinese, Cantonese Intelligent Quiz IQ = quotient Mid-term examination Final examination Grade, mark, score Full marks Excellent Good Fair PassFail make-up exam To make up yourself Sub BA / BS Bachelor of Arts /ScienceMA /S Master of Arts /Sc. Library librarian馆员 Reference room Magazine + newspaper =journal Copy roomStudy lounge due overdue renew the book be fined = punish check out check in required / compulsory courseelective / optional course American Frenchman EnglishmanMilkman postman mailman fireman -i Iraqis, Omani, Pakistani, Israeli Qatari -ish Poland Polish , English, Denmark Danish Canadian Norway Norwegian Peruvian Mexico Mexican Landlord / landlady JapanJapanese princess air host ess -ess: actoractress, waiterwaitress-ful: 容量handhandful , spoona spoonful of soup -hood: childchildhood, manmanhood politician -ics: electronelectronics, politics Economics linguistlinguistics, economist Mathematician Doer: violinist pianist, guitarist tourist Specialist Believer Communist Buddhist -ion，-ition，-sion, -ssion, -ation: collectcollection, omit omission emit emission permit emit admit emissive decide decision collide collision airplane crashes ship wreck conclude conclusionpersuade persuasion invade invasion observeobservation-ism: MarxMarxism, socialistsocialism-ist: psychiatrypsychiatrist, violinviolinist fiddler, pianist -ity，-ty ety : cruelcruelty, purepurity society security v-ment: movemovement, retireretirementa-ness: darkdarkness，happyhappiness-ology: climateclimatology，futurefuturology biologist, geology geography er -ship: friend friendship, visiting scholarscholarship-sion，-ssion: decidedecision, expandexpansion-th: growgrowth, widewidthLong lengthen strong strengthen warmth depth -ure: closeclosure, Failure exposeexposure(2)动词前缀Golden a. woolen wooden ) a+n: deepdeepen, fastfasten, n+en =v. lengthen beautification 2) -ify: classclassify, impure Purify purification ample amplify amplification simplesimplify, simplification 4) -ize，-ise: modernmodernize / modernise, False artificial man-made Genuine fake copy Real realize Really reality realization popularpopularize / popularize5) er: chatter, flutter, flatterer , shiver quiver tremble earthquake, shake 5) ish: finish, Polish, vanish Foolish P6) le: dwindle, diminish, belittlereduce, decrease, lessen 7) ate; concentrate, create, initiate originate -ation, -ative Private a. privacy (3)形容词后缀 v/ n.+ able = a. -able，-ible: suitsuitable, questionquestionableHorrible sensible edible reducible -al: naturenatural, N+ al = a. V + al = n. refusal, arrival, suggestion = Proposal , try - trial deny denial Withdrawal Refuse = dust = rubbish = garbage = trash = litter = waste = junk food structurestructural, international -an，-arian，-ian: suburbsuburban, Canada Canadian -ant，-ent: differdifferent, pleasepleasantAssistant consultant -ary，-ory: adviseadvisory, customcustomary-ate: considerconsiderate= thoughtful , considerable = 1) plenty 2) worth considering fortunefortunate-en: goldgolden, woolenwoodwooden, woolen -ese: ChinaChinese people , JapanJapanese-free: care carefree, Free of charge duty duty-free shop -ful/-less: carecareful, painpainfulCheerful = in high spirits = optimistic Cheerless = in low spirits = pessimistic -ful n. a spoonful of soup A mouthful of rice A handful of candy -ic，-ical: atomatomic, Historic site / event Historical meani