高三英语 阅读复习第三期 科普知识与现代技术8(1).doc

2014年高三英语 阅读复习第三期 科普知识与现代技术8 【导读】科技可以改变生活，也能制造出更多的麻烦。the technology is great. without it we wouldnt have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the oceans depths or eat microwave sausages. computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge. but sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves.every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients whove come into their surgery waving an internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer. the truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they dont have throat cancer, and its just that their throats are swollen. being a graduate of the internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self-health-checks.one day mrs. almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work. while i took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “i know whats wrong; ive got throat cancer. i know theres nothing you doctors can do about it and ive just got to wait until the day comes.”as a matter of routine i ordered a chest x-ray. i looked at it and the blood results an hour later. something wasnt right. “did your local doctor do an x-ray?” i asked. “oh, i havent been to the doctor for years,” she replied. “i read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so i knew thats what i had.”however, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didnt fit with itbut shed just ignored this.i looked at the x-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasnt the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly. she was lucky we caught it when we did.mrs. almond went pale when i explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered. it was certainly a lesson for her. “im so embarrassed,” she said, shaking her head, as i explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested. she listed up to about 20, and then i went to my office to type up my notes. unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so i had to wait until someone from the it department came to fix it. typical. maybe i should have a microwave sausage while i waited?【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是科普文章。文章开篇介绍了科技可以改变生活，也能制造出更多的麻烦，阐述了一些病人通过网络高科技诊断自己得了不治之症，医生须尽力想方设法解释的事情；文章接着讲述一个病人自认为得了喉癌，而“我”通过努力让其相信病症是肺结核而不是喉癌的事实，说明网络科技给病人和我带来的麻烦；当我拿着病人提供的需要仔细检查的名单想输入电脑时，高科技电脑又不能用了.段落关键词、句大意推测第一部分（para. 1）technology; great; create more problems科技是伟大的，但有时也带来麻烦。第二部分（para. 2） calm down patients; internet print-out; incurable disease; guanrantee accurate self-health-checks网络科技给病人带来的自我诊断是不准确的。第三部分（para. 3-7）throat cancer; website; symptoms; tuberculosis; recover; computer; working 病人mrs. almond 依靠网络自我诊断为喉癌，医生确诊病人是肺结核；医生想输入更多需要检查的名单时，电脑不工作了【信息提取】1. mrs. almond talked about her illness calmly because _.a. she thought she knew it wellb. she had purchased medicine onlinec. she graduated from a medical schoold. she had been treated by local doctors2. it was lucky for mrs. almond _.a. to have contacted many friendsb. to have recovered in a short timec. to have her assumption confirmedd. to have her disease identified in time3. mrs. almond said “im so embarrassed” (para. 7) because _.a. she had distrusted her close friendsb. she had caused unnecessary troublec. she had to refuse the doctors adviced. she had to tell the truth to the doctor4. by mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove _.a. its a must to take a break at workb. its vital to believe in it professionalsc. its unwise to simply rely on technologyd. its a danger to work long hours on computers【解析】1. a。推理判断题。第三段“i know whats wrong; ive got throat cancer. i know theres nothing you doctors can do about it and ive just got to wait until the day comes.”可知病人自己认为自己已经得了throat cancer；第四段“i read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so i knew thats what i had.”意即“我在网上查了，症状相符，因此我知道我得了（喉癌）”可知，病人自认为对自己的病“成竹在胸”，所以选a。b、c选项文中未提及；d选项和文中“oh, i havent been to the doctor for years,”不相符，排除d。2. d。推理判断题。 “很幸运的是mrs. almond”d选项是“她的病得到了及时确定对她来说是幸运的”。作者否定了mrs. almond自己根据网上推断自己得了喉癌，及时指出她得了肺结核，六个月可以康复，因此选择d选项。a选项是“能接触到很多朋友是很幸运的”，文中有朋友是客观事实，并未特别说明是幸运的事；b选项说“很短时间会恢复健康”，而文中说需要6个月，不算很短的时间；c选项“假设被证实了假设”，假设是“她自认为得了喉癌”，其实是肺结核；假设本身不对，证实是肺结核。3. b。推理判断题。mrs. almond感到窘迫、不好意思，是因为她了解了自己得的是肺结核，而不是喉癌，而她的坚持说自己得了喉癌的确给医生带来了不必要的麻烦，因此选择b选项。a选项说她打扰了她的朋友，文中未提及；c选项说她拒绝了医生的建议，其实她听从了医生的建议；d选项“她不得不告诉医生实话”，其实她说了实话，这并不是她窘迫的原因。4. c。推理判断题。作者从一开始就说科技有时会带来麻烦，通过对mrs. almond病情的诊断又说明了不能依赖高科技；作者打算录入电脑名单是，电脑恰恰有坏了，就进一步说明了“简单的依赖科技是不明智的”，所有选c。【词汇扩充】1.explore vt.探索， 探究， 仔细查看i admire those explorers who ventured forth to explore new lands.我敬佩那些为发现新大陆而外出的探险家们。we must explore all the possibilities.我们必须探讨所有的可能性。2. graduate n.毕业生； 大学毕业生in 1973, the first open university graduates received their degrees.1973年，第一批开放大学的毕业生获得了学位。3. accurate adj.精确的，准确的he has made an accurate measurement of my garden.他准确地丈量了我的花园。police have stressed that this is the most accurate description of the killer to date.警方强调这是迄今对凶手最精确的描述。4. guanrantee n.保证，担保； 保证人，保证书； 抵押品vt.保证，担保can you guarantee me a job when i get there?你可以确保我到那儿就可以找到一份工作吗？i guarantee that if you take this medicine, youll soon get well.我管保你吃了这药就好。there is still no guarantee that a formula could be found.还没有把握是否能找到一个配方。【长难句分析】1. every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients whove come into their surgery waving an internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer.【句意】 长久以来，每一位医生不得不尽力去让那些手挥动着从网上打印的东西来到诊疗室确信他们患上了某种罕见的不可治愈的疾病，比如说，喉癌的病人镇定下来。【分析】句子的主句是every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients，而whove come into their surgery waving an internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer.是定语从句，修饰patients，其中waving an internet print-out用作伴随状语，convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer的逻辑主语为patients，that引导的句子为其宾语从句；say是插入语。2. “im so embarrassed,” she said, shaking her head, as i explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.【句意】当我解释说和她有亲密关系的所有人都必须找到并须检查的时候，她摇着头，说，“我真不好意思”。【分析】 主句是“im so embarrassed,” she said，shaking her head用作伴随状语，as i explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested是as引导的时间状语从句，i 是主语，explained是谓语动词， that 引导宾语从句；宾语从句中主句是all the people would have to be found out and tested是句子的主干，she had come into close contact with用作定语从句，修饰all the people.【语法点滴】插入语的用法一、形容词（短语）作插入语。 如：true，it would be too bad. 真的，太糟了。wonderful，we have won again.太好了，我们又赢了。二、副词（短语）作插入语。如： when he got there，he found，however，that the weather was too bad. 可是到了那儿之后他发现，那儿的天气太坏了。 otherwise，he would still be at home. 不然的话，他还会在家的。 三、介词短语作插入语。如： you cant wait anymore-in other words，you should start at once. 你不能再等了换言之，你得立即出发。 on the contrary，we should strengthen our corporati