高三英语 阅读复习第三期 科普知识与现代技术11(1).doc

2014年高三英语 阅读复习第三期 科普知识与现代技术11【导读】你听过路灯做伞吗？呵呵 ，那就读一下这篇文章吧！you cant always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. but designer mikhail belvacv doesnt think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. thats why he created lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella. the designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in russia. “once, i was driving on a central saint petersburg street ad saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. i thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞蓬)built into a street lamp.” he said. the lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. it has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining. in addition to the rain sensor, theres also a 360motion sensor on the biberglass street lamp which detects whether anyones using the lampbrella. after three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed. according to the designer, the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lighting strike. each lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians. while there are no plans to take lampbrella into production, belyacv says he recently introduced his creation one moscow department, and insists this creation could be installed on my street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，题材是路灯雨伞的发明。作者通过描述发明路灯雨伞的起因、应用方法及其前景，向读者展现了新式发明的用处。【篇章结构】段落关键词、句大意推测第一部分（para. 1）umbrella， forgetting， getting wet. lampbrella, rain-sensing umbrella故事背景：路灯雨伞的发明。 第二部分（para. 2-4）russia， saint petersburg canopy lampbrella， built-in electric motor ，rain sensor, 360motion sensor发明背景及应用方法：在圣彼得堡的大街上找到灵感。内置电动马达、 雨量传感器等。 第三部分（para. 5）no plans，production, insists， to provide shelter.未来展望：虽然没有计划投入生产，坚信投入效果。【信息提取】1. for what purpose did belyacv create the lampbrella?a. to predict a heavy rain b. to check the weather forecast c. to protect people from the rain d. to remind people to take an umbrella 2. what do we know from belyacvs worlds in paragraph2?a. his creation was inspired by an experience b. it rains a lot in the city of saint petersburgc. street lamps are protected by canopiesd. he enjoyed taking walks in the rain3. which of the following show how the lampbrella works?a. motorcanopysensors b. sensorsmotorcanopy c. motorsensorscanopyd. canopymotorsensors4. what does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the lampbrella?a. its moving speed b. its appearance c. its installation d. its safety 5. what can be inferred from the last paragraph?a. the designer will open a company to promote his productb. the lampbrella could be put into immediate production c. the designer is confident that his creation is practicald. the lampbrella would be put on show in moscow【解析】1.c。细节理解题。根据第一段的forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet 以及后句的thats why可知设计这款路灯的目的是防止淋湿路人。2. a。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句the designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in russia可见设计者是根据自己的经验有了想法，故a项正确。3. c。细节理解题。根据选项定位第三段的第二行和第三行的electric motorsensors（传感器）then ensure that the umbrella可知答案。做排序题时，考生一定要抓住时间的标志词，如这里的then。4. d。主旨大意题。根据第五段中cause harm to the pedestrian，to protected from possible lighting strike，at 2 meters off the ground, only be a danger for the tallest pedestrians。根据这些信息可以确定本段主要的问题是安全问题。故d项its safety正确。5. c。推理判断题。根据题干要求，最后一段中introduced his creation to，insists his creation could be installed 都说明设计者觉得此项设计可操作，实用。故c项正确。【词汇扩充】1.predict vt.预言，预测； 预示，预告we cant predict the outcome. there are too many imponderables.我们无法预测结果。难以逆料的情况太多了。it is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。2. come up with提出；想出i hope you can come up with a better plan than this.我希望你们能提出一个比这个更好的计划。i dont think he can come up with any clever move.我看他也没有什么高招。3. in addition to adv.除之外use a good waterproof adhesive in addition to the screws.除了螺钉外，还要用优质防水黏合剂。she gets various perquisites in addition to her wages.她工资以外，还有各种津贴。4. according to根据，按照；据所说according to mick, its a great movie.据米克说，这是一部了不起的电影。participants were categorized according to age.参加者按年龄分组。【长难句分析】1. but designer mikhail belyaec doesnt think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.【句意】但设计师米哈伊尔 比利雅克并不认为，出门前忘记看天气预报就会一定会被淋湿。【分析】本句的主干是but designer mikhail belyaec doesnt think引导宾语从句，其从句中的主语中有非谓语heading out。2.sensors（传感器）then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.【句意】无论什么时候开始下雨时，传感器能确保撑开路灯伞随时为行人提供躲雨的地方。【分析】本句的主干是.sensors（传感器）then ensure。that 引导宾语从句，其从句中有whenever 引导的让步状语从句。3.while there are no plans to take the lampbrella into production, belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one moscow department , and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.【句意】虽然还没有计划要将路灯雨伞投产，比利雅克说他最近向莫斯科的一个部门介绍了他的新产品。他坚信设计会被采纳并安装在行人较多的但又没有遮蔽的街道上。【分析】本句的主干是belyaev says。says 后是一个省略了关系代词的宾语从句。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，并分别引导了一个省略了关系代词的宾语从句，后一个宾语从句中还有一个由where引导的定语从句。【语法点滴】from where 引导的定语从句1、soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.下马不久，上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。(引导定语从句) 划线部分相当于, and from at the windows不可变为from which，可用where，但不如用from where更具体。 2、she climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山顶，从那里她可以一览全城风光。（引导定语从句） 划线部分相当于, and from on the top of the hill或from on the top of