基于UG的相机壳注塑模设计【22张CAD图纸+WORD毕业论文】【注塑模具类】

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基于UG的相机壳注塑模设计【CAD图纸+WORD毕业论文】【注塑模具类】.rar

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关键词：: 基于 ug 相机外壳注塑设计 cad 图纸 word 毕业论文模具

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模具是工业生产的重要工艺装备，在现代工业生产中，60%～90%的工业产品需要使用模具，模具工业已成为工业发展的基础，许多新产品的研制与开发在很大程度上依赖于模具的生产。因此，研究和发展模具技术，提高模具水平，对促进国民经济的发展有着特别重要的意义。
本文根据相机外壳的结构特点及技术要求，通过一系列的注射模设计流程，设计了带侧抽芯的塑料模具，并利用UG与Moldflow软件对其进行了分析。对塑件进行了工艺分析，确定了塑件的尺寸及结构。在模具的设计中详细介绍了斜导柱、型芯、型腔等零部件的设计与制造，以及注射机和模架的选择。

关键词相机外壳注射模侧抽芯 Moldflow

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title Injection Mold Design of Camera Cover Based on UG

Abstract
Mold is important process equipment of industrial production, in the modern industrial production, 60%～90% of industrial products need to use mold, the mold industry has become the foundation of industrial development, research and development of many new products are largely dependent on mold. Therefore, the research and the development of mold technology are significant to promote the development of the national economy.
This paper completes a series of injection mold design process and designs the plastic mold with side core pulling based on the structural features and technical requirements of camera cover. The software of UG and Moldflow are used to analyze the mold. Plastic parts are analyzed in the design process, at the same time, the size and structure of the plastic parts are determined. The design and manufacturing of slanted guide pillar, mould core, cavity and other parts are introduced in detail, as well as the injection molding machine is chosen correctly.

Keywords camera cover injection mold side core pulling Moldflow

目录
前言 1
第一章塑料模的功能 2
第二章塑件成型工艺分析 3
2.1 拟定制品成型工艺 3
2.2 热塑性塑料ABS的注射成型工艺 3
2.2.1 ABS的注射成型工艺参数 3
2.2.2 ABS材料综合性能分析 4
第三章拟定模具结构形式 6
3.1 分型面位置的确定 6
3.2 确定型腔数量及排列方式 7
第四章注塑机型号的确定 8
4.1 注射量的计算 8
4.2 塑件和流道凝料在分型面上的投影及所需锁模力的计算 8
4.3 选择注射机 9
4.4 有关参数的校核 10
第五章浇注系统形式和浇口的设计 12
5.1 浇注系统的设计 12
5.1.1 主流道设计 12
5.1.2 分流道的设计 14
5.2 浇口的设计 16
5.2.1浇口设计的技术要求 17
5.2.2浇口尺寸的确定 19
5.3 冷料穴的设计 20
5.4 拉料杆的设计 22
5.5 浇注系统的平衡 22
5.5.1 分流道平衡 22
5.5.2 浇口平衡 23
第六章模架的确定和标准件的选用 24
6.1 模具各个板料尺寸的确定 25
6.1.1 定模座板 25
6.1.2 定模板（型腔板） 25
6.1.3 动模板 25
6.1.4 推件板 25
6.1.5 动模垫板 25
6.1.6 垫块 26
6.1.7 动模座板 26
第七章合模导向机构的设计 27
7.1 导向结构的总体设计 27
7.1.1 导柱的设计 27
7.1.2 导套的设计 28
第八章脱模推出机构的设计 30
8.1 脱模推出机构的设计原则 30
8.2 制品推出的基本方式 30
8.3 塑件的推出机构 30
8.4推件板推出机构设计要点 31
8.5 复位机构设计 33
第九章抽芯机构设计 34
9.1 侧向分型与抽芯机构的分类 34
9.2 斜导柱抽芯机构的设计 34
9.2.1 斜导柱的倾斜角的确定 35
9.2.2 侧向抽心力的计算 35
9.2.3 斜导柱的弯曲力的计算 36
9.2.4 斜导柱直径的计算 36
9.2.5 斜导柱的长度计算 38
9.2.6 锁紧楔的设计 38
第十章成型零部件的设计 39
10.1 成型零件的结构设计 39
10.1.1 凹模的结构设计 39
10.1.2 凸模的结构设计 40
10.2 成型零件工作尺寸的计算 41
10.2.1 影响工作尺寸的因素 41
10.2.2 成型零件工作尺寸的计算 41
10.3 成型零件强度计算 44
10.3.1 型腔侧壁厚度计算 44
第十一章排气系统的设计 47
11.1 排气设计的要点 47
11.2 排气系统的几种方式 47
12.2.1 冷却水道开设的技术要点 48
12.2.2 冷却回路的布置: 48
第十二章温度调节系统设计 49
12.1 加热系统设计 49
12.2 冷却系统设计 49
12.3 型芯的冷却 50
12.4 冷却系统的有关计算： 50
结束语 52
致谢 53
参考文献 54

前言
毕业设计是大学的最后一个教学环节，是对大学所学知识的综合运用，是对我们以前所学理论知识和技能的一次综合性训练。模具是工业生产中应用极为广泛的重要工艺装备，采用模具生产制品及零件，具有生产效率高，节约原材料，成本低廉，保证质量等一系列优点，模具生产是现代工业生产的重要手段和主要发展方向。
本设计的课题是相机外壳注塑模模具设计，在此次设计中，主要用到所学的注塑模设计、机械设计、UG和Moldflow等软件应用的相关知识。需要对注射模设计的一般流程进行分析，即注射成型的分析、注射机的选择及相关参数的校核、模具的结构设计、注射模具设计的有关计算、模具总体尺寸的确定与结构草图的绘制、模具结构总装图和零件工作图的绘制、全面审核投产制造等。其中模具结构的设计既是重点又是难点，主要包括成型位置及分型面的选择、模具型腔数目的确定、型腔的排列布局、流道布局以及浇口位置的选择、模具工作零件的结构设计、侧向分型及抽芯机构的设计、推出机构的设计、拉料杆的形式选择、排气方式设计等。要教好的完成毕业设计，必须要掌握模具设计的过程，学习如何查阅相关资料和怎样解决在实际工作中遇到的实际问题，总之，这次毕业设计能够为我们以后从事模具职业打下良好的基础。

第一章塑料模的功能
近年来，中国塑料模具发展速度相当快，目前，塑料模具在整个模具行业中所占比重约为30%。随着中国汽车、家电、电子通讯、各种建材迅速发展，预计在未来模具市场中，塑料模具占模具总量的比例仍将逐步提高，且发展速度将快于其他模具。以汽车工业为例，随着汽车产销量高速增长，汽车模具潜在市场十分巨大。据介绍，在生产汽车时，各种功能性零部件都要靠模具成型，仅制造一款普通轿车约需200多件内饰件模具，而制造保险杠、仪表盘、油箱、方向盘等所需的大中型塑料模具，从模具行业生产能力看，目前满足率仅约50%。在建筑领域，塑料建材大量替代传统材料也是大势所趋，预计2010年全国塑料门窗和塑管普及率将达到30%～50%，塑料排水管市场占有率将超过50%，都会大大增加对模具的需求量。应该说，塑料模具的应用潜力是不可低估的。专家预测，大型、精密、设计合理的注塑模具将受到市场普遍欢迎。
与全国塑料加工业区域分布相类似，珠三角、长三角的塑料制品加工业位居前列，浙江、江苏和广东塑料模具产值在全国模具总产值中的比例也占到70％。现在，这3个省份的不少企业已意识到塑模业的无限商机，正积极组织模具产品的开发制造。最近，由杭州娃哈哈集团精密机械制造公司研制的多腔防盗瓶盖注塑模具通过浙江省省级鉴定。该模具采用的三次顶出强制脱模技术、平衡式热流道系统、瓶盖模通用模架具有较强的创新性，模具性能和质量达到国内领先水平。
然而，塑料模具尽管成为时下最为诱人的“奶酪”，但樱桃好吃树难栽。由于塑料零配件形状复杂、设计灵活，对模具材料、设计水平及加工设备均有较高要求，并不是人人都可以轻易涉足的。专家认为，目前中国与国外水平相比还存在较大差距，眼前需尽快突破制约模具产业发展的三大瓶颈：一是加大塑料材料与注塑工艺的研发力度；二是塑模企业应向园区发展，加快资源整合；三是模具试模结果检验等工装水平必须尽快跟上，否则塑料模具发展将受到制约。

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内容简介：: 二、The injection and Compression MoldingInjection molding si principally used for the production of the thermoplastic parts, although some progress has been made in developing a method for injection molding some thermosetting materials. The problem of injecting a melted plastic into a mold cavity form a reservoir of melted material has been extremely difficult to solve for thermosetting plastics which cure and harden under such conditions within a few minutes. The principle of injection molding is quite similar to that of die-casting. The process consists of feeding a plastic compound in powdered or granular form from a hopper through metering and melting stages and then injecting it into a mold. After a brief coolling period, the mold is opened and the solidified part ejected. Injection-molding machines can be arranged for manual operation, automatic single-cucle operation, and full automatic operation. The advantage of injection molding are:(i) a high molding speed adapted for mass production is possible;(ii) there is a wide choice of thermoplastic materials providing a variety of usefull properties;(iii) it is possible to mold threads, undercuts, side holes, and large thin sections. Several methods are used to force or inject the melted plastic into the mold. The most commonly used system in the larger machines is the in-line reciprocating screw.The screw acts as a combination and plasticizing unit.As the plastic is fed to the rotating screw,it passes through three zones as shown: feed,compression, and metering. After the feed zone, the screw-flight depth is gradually reduced,forcing the plastic to compress. The work is converted to heat by shearing the plastic, making it a semifluid mass. In the metering zone, additional heat is applied by conduction from the barrel surface. As the chamber in front of the screw becomes filled, it forces the screw back, tripping a limit switch that activates a hydraulic cylinder that forces the screw forward and injects the fluid plastic into the closed mold.An antiflowback valve prevents plastic under pressure from escaping back into the screw flights.The clamping force that a machine is capable of exerting is part of the size designation and is measured in tons. A rule-of-thumb can be used to determine the tonnage required for a particular job. It is based on two tons of clamp force per square inch of projected area. If the flow pattern is difficult and the parts are thin,this may have to go to three or four tons.Many reciprocating - screw machines are capable of handing thermosetting plastic materials.Previously these materials were handled by compression or transfer molding.Thermosetting materials cure or polymerize in the mold and are ejected hot in the range of 375410.Thermoplastic parts must be allowed to cool in the mold in order to remove them without distortion.Thus thermosetting cycles can be faster.Of course the mold must be heated rather than chilled,as with thermoplastics.The importance of Injecting the mold are :、Plastics have the density small, the quality light, the specific tenacity big, the insulating property good, the dielectric loss low, the chemical stability strong, the formation productivity high and the price inexpensive and so on the merits, obtained day by day the widespread application in the national economy and peoples daily life each domain, as early as in the beginning of 1990s, the plastic annual output already surpassed the steel and iron and the non-ferrous metal annual output sum total according to the volume computation.In mechanical and electrical (for example so-called black electrical appliances), domains and so on measuring appliance, chemical, the automobile and astronautics aviation, the plastic has become the metal the good substitution material, had the metal material plastic tendency.、Take the automobile industry as the example , as a result of the automobile lightweight, the low energy consumption development request, the automobile spare part material constitution occurred obviously has modelled the band steel the change, at present our country automobile plastic accounts for 5% which the automobile was self-possessed to 6%, but overseas has reached 13%, forecast according to the expert, the automobile plastic bicycle amount used will also be able further to increase.On modern vehicles, regardless of is outside installs the assorted items, the internal installation assorted items, the function and the structural element, all may use the plastic material, outside installs the assorted items to have the bumper, the fender, the wheel hub cap, the air deflector and so on; After the internal installation assorted items have in the display board, the vehicle door the board, the vice-display board, the sundry goods box lid, the chair, the guard shield and so on; The function and the structural element have the fuel tank, the radiator header, the spatial filter hood, the fan blade and so on.Statistics have indicated, our country in 2000 automobile output more than 200 ten thousand, the vehicle amounted to 1,380,000 tons with the plastic.Looked from the domestic and foreign automobile plastic application situation that, the automobile plastic amount used already became one of weight automobile production technical level symbols.、Injection of a molding formation as plastic workpiece most effective formation methods because may by one time take shape each kind of structure complex, the size precise and has the metal to inlay a product, and the formation cycle is short, may by mold multi-cavities, the productivity be high, when mass productions the cost isvery inexpensive, easy to realize the automated production, therefore holds the extremely important status in the plastic processing profession.Statistics have indicated, plastic mold composition all molds (including metal pattern) 38.2%, the plastic product gross weight about 32% is uses in injecting the formation, 80% above engineering plastics product all must use the injection formation way production. 4. counts according to the customs, our country in 2000 altogether imported mold 977,000,000 US dollars, in which plastic molding forms altogether 550,000,000 US dollars, occupied for 56.3%,2001 years altogether to import mold 1,112,000,000 US dollars, in which plastic molding forms altogether 616,000,000 US dollars, accounted for 55.4%.From the variety, the import volume biggest is the plastic molding forms.、Counts according to the customs, our country in 2000 altogether imported mold 977,000,000 US dollars, in which plastic molding forms altogether 550,000,000 US dollars, occupied for 56.3%, 2001 years altogether to import mold 1,112,000,000 US dollars, in which plastic molding forms altogether 616,000,000 US dollars, accounted for 55.4%.From the variety, the import volume biggest is the plastic molding forms. In compression molding the palstic material as powder or preforms is placed into a heated steel mold cavity,Since the parting surface is in a horizontal plane ,the upper half of the mold descends vertically.It closes the mold cavity and pressures for a predetermined period.A pressure of from 2 to 3 tons square inch and a temperaure at approximately 350F converts the plastic to a semiliquid which flows to all parts of the mold cavity.Usually from 1 to 15 minutes is required for curing,altough a recently developed alkyd plastic will cure in less than 25 secends. The mold is then opended and the molded part removed.If metal insers are desired in the parts,they should be placed in the mold cavity on pins or in the holes before the plastic is loaded.Also, the preforms should be preheated before loading into the mold cavity to eliminate gases,inprove flow,and decrease curing time.Dieletric heating is a convenient method of heating the preforms.Since the plastic material is placed directly into the mold cavity,the mold itself can be simpler than those used for other molding precesses.Gates and sprues are unnecessary.This also results in a saving in material,because trimmed-off gates and sprues would be a complete loss of the thermosetting plastic.The press require the full attention of one operator.However,several smaller presses can be operated by one operator. The presses are conveniently located so the operator can easilymove from one to the next.By the time he gets around to a particular press again,that mold will be ready to open.the thermosetting plastics which harden under heat and pressure are suitable for compression molding and transfer molding.It is not practical to moid shermoplastic materials by these methods,since the molds would have to be alternately heated and cooled.In order to harden and eject thermoplastic parts form the mold,cooling would be necessary.Types of molds for compression molding.The molds used for compression molding are classified into four basic types, namely ,positive molds,landed positive mold,flash-type molds,and semipositive molds.In a positive mold the plunger on the upper mold enters the lower mold cavity.since there are no lands or stops on the lower die ,the plunger completely trap the plastic material and descends with full pressure on the charge.A dense part with good electrical and physical properties is produced.The amount of plastic placed in the die cavity must be accurately measured,since it determines the thickness of the part .A land

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