湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（2）.doc

湖北省随州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（2）（答案或解析）london (reuters) quiet please britain s queen elizabeth is preparing to have her swans counted.buckingham palace has announced that the annual swan upping, a tradition dating back to the 12th century which involves a census of the swan population on the river thames, will be conducted by the queen s official swan marker from july 20 24.“with the assistance of the queen s swan warden, professor christopher perrins of the university of oxford, the swans and young cygnets (小天鹅) are also assessed for any signs of injury or disease，” buckingham palace said in announcing the count.the process involves the swan marker, david barber, rowing up the thames for five days with the swan warden in traditional skiffs while wearing special scarlet uniforms and counting, weighing and measuring swans and cygnets.it may seem eccentric, but it is very important to the queen, according to custom, britain s sovereign owns all unmarked, mute swans in open water, but the queen now exercises the right only on stretches of the thames and its nearby tributaries.in medieval times, the swan marker would not only travel up the river counting the swans, but would catch as many as possible as they were soughtafter for banquets and feasts.this year, the swan marker and the swan warden are particularly keen to discover how much damage is being caused to swans and cygnets by attacks from dogs and from discarded fishing tackle (渔具)it is also an important year because queen elizabeth has decided to join her team of swan uppers for part of the census. she will follow them up the river and visit a local school project on the whole subject of swans, cygnets and the thames.“education and conservation are essential to the role of swan upping and the involvement of school children is always a rewarding experience，” buckingham palace said.语篇解读泰晤士河上每年都要举行一个重要的活动：数天鹅。英国皇室的这一传统已经延续了好几个世纪。1. in medieval times，_.a. swans were better protected than nowb. a lot of swans were killed by dogsc. swans were a delicious dish on royal banquetsd. common people could catch the swans解析细节理解题。从文章倒数第四段可知，在中世纪天鹅被捉住，然后成为皇家宴会上的美味。答案c2we can infer from the passage that the process of counting the swans _.a. remains almost unchanged in the past yearsb. involves a lot of royal membersc. sometimes lasts longer than befored. is always guarded by special soldiers解析推理判断题。从文章第四段对数天鹅过程的描述以及参与清点的官员的穿着打扮可知，其过程几乎没有变化，因为这是一项传统活动。答案a3this year, the swan marker and the swan warden mainly want to find out_.a. the exact number of swans and cygnetsb. how a local school project is going onc. how much damage the swans and cygnets sufferd. how education and conservation are carried out along the thames解析细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段内容可知答案为c。答案c4which of the following is the main idea of the passage?a. britain s queen is concerned about swans.b. britain s queen orders a count of swans.c. an old tradition in buckingham palace.d. queen elizabeth will count swans herself.解析主旨大意题。文章第一段是本文的主题段，英国女王下令清点泰晤士河上的天鹅的数量。答案b5the underlined word “tributaries” can be best replaced by _.a. districts b. banksc. trees d. branches解析词义理解题。根据语境和常识可知，此处是指在泰晤士河及其支流上生活的天鹅。故答案为d。答案d长难句解读in medieval times, the swan marker would not only travel up the river counting the swans, but would catch as many as possible as they were soughtafter for banquets and feasts.在中世纪，负责清点天鹅的人不仅沿河清点天鹅的数量，还会尽可能多地捕捉一些，因为天鹅当时是宴会桌上的美餐。本句是一个并列句，not only.but(also).引导并列句，后面的as引导原因状语从句。*结束短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（） 划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。last sunday my father and i went fishing along a river. we found the water very dirty that we could hardly catch any fish in it. a lot of factories along the river always poured their waste water and rubbish straightly into the river, which made the river polluting. in this way most of the fish in the river was killed. unless the rivers all over the country are polluted like this, no living things will be exist in the water. as we all know, environmental pollution do great harm to living things. now more and more people have realized what serious this problem is. our government is doing her best to take measure to fight against pollution. we expect that water in every river will be made cleaner and cleaner before long.【参考答案】very sostraightly straightpolluting pollutedwas wereunless if be bedo does what howmeasure measures water the water*结束 链接2 （2012北京卷）the basics of mathmade clearbasic math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. these 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for algebra(代数) and beyond.the lessons in basic math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. they also look into exponents(指数), the order of operations, and square roots. in addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically.basic math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. the lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. they also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazingand completely understandablefield of study.by the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. they will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. in addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.professor h. siegel, honored by kentucky educational television as “the best math teacher in america,” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. from the basic concrete ideas to the more abstract problems, he is master in making math lectures learner-friendlier and less scary.with a phd in mathematics education from georgia state university, dr. siegel teaches mathematics at central arizona college. his courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.if the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. or you can get your money back.56. what does the course basic math mainly cover? a. algebra. b. college mathematics. c. arithmetic. d. mathematics education.57. what benefits can students expect from basic math? a. stronger imaginative ability. b. additional presentation skills. c. more mathematical confidence. d. greater chances of becoming teachers.58. what can we learn about professor h. siegel? a. he is a guest lecturer at kentucky educational television. b. he is to deliver 30 lectures in basic math. c. he works in georgia state university. d. he specializes in training teachers.59. where is the passage most likely to have been taken from? a. a news report. b. a book review c. a lesson plan. d. an advertisement【难度】一般59.【答案】d【试题解析】根据短文内容，尤其是最后一段“if the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. or you can get your money back.”，短文实际上是一则广告。因此，正确答案为d选项。【难度】一般。*结束ahonesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. of course, this didnt include her when she told me that if i didnt eat all my vegetables father christmas would find out and wouldnt give me any presents. but when it comes to medicine, i had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. after all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential, or so i thought. i had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科). mr. mcmahon was brought in when his baby was found very swollen. i took a medical history from his daughter who had accompanied him in the ambulance. shed been his main carer for years. i stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history. has he lost any weight recently? i asked, well, its funny you should mention that, but yes. she said slowly. there was silence for a few moments.why? what are you worried about? she asked, i hesitated. she was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that i told her the truth. well, we need to prove its not cancer. i said and talked briefly about some of the tests i was going to order. half an hour later, a nurse called me: mr. mcmahons daughter broke downshe said you told her he had cancer. my heart sank. by the time i arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer. i stood silently at the end of the bed. my consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left mr. mcmahon, she turned to me. why on earth did you do that? she asked in disbelief. i looked at her and bit my lip. she asked me what i was worried about and i told her. i said, hanging my head. and give her more to worry about? replied my consultant. you dont say the word cancer until its confirmed. even if you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people. as it turned out, it wasnt cancer. but i did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one theyre sometimes selective in what they hearand as a doctor its important to be mindful of this. in being truthful, id made the situation worse. 51. the purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that the author_. a.misunderstood the doctor-patient relationship b.was anxious to receive christmas gifts c.regarded honesty as the best policy d.had an unhealthy eating habit 52. the authors consultant was angry with him because _. a.he told the daughter what he suspected. b.he delayed running the necessary tests. c.he failed to confirm the parents disease. d.he forgot what the consultant had advised. 53. the author hung his head (the underlined part in para. 4) because he was feeling_. a.guilty b.hurt c.disappointed d.helpless 54.what lesson has the author learnt from his experience? a.learning from parents is necessary. b.jumping to a conclusion is dangerous. c.telling the truth may not always be the best solution. d.selecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy.参考答案-5155 caaca*结束短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词; 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。dear li mei, with the mid-term exam come, you must get prepared for them. i think that you need is a right study method. what we all know, there are three stage in studypreview, study i