中考英语 语法专题 主谓一致课件 人教新目标版.ppt

主谓一致 主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致 即句中谓语的变化形式要根据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定 主谓一致通常遵循三个原则 语法一致 意义一致和就近一致原则 语法一致语法一致是指主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致 即主语是单数形式 其谓语动词也用单数形式 主语是复数形式 其谓语动词也用复数形式 考点一 一般情况下 主语为单数可数名词或代词 不可数名词时 谓语动词用单数形式 主语为复数可数名词或代词时 谓语动词用复数形式 1 anystudentsintheclassroomwhentheearthquakehappened yes buttheyhavebeensaved 2014四川凉山 a therewereb wastherec thereared werethere 2 i mhungry thereanybreadinthefridge mum none butwehavecakes wouldyouliketohaveone 2014四川乐山 a isb arec will 考点二 用and或both and 连接并列主语 谓语动词常用复数形式 andy you dbetternoteatmeatonly youshouldknowmilkandfruit goodforyou 2014江苏淮安 a isb arec wasd were 考点三 不定代词作主语any either neither none each one theother another anybody anyone anything someone somebody something everyone everybody everything nobody noone nothing作主语时 谓语动词常用单数形式 whichwouldyoulike teaorcoffee either ok butiprefercoffee milk 2014广东梅州 a is hasb are withc is withd are has 考点四 当主语后面跟有with except including togetherwith aswellas inadditionto等词语引导的短语时 谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定 1 thesummerholidaysarecoming sothetwinsaswellasjack tohongkongforvacation 2014湖北黄石 a isgoingb aregoingc goesd go 2 whatareyougoingtodothisweekend itogetherwithmyclassmates goingtoclimbmountqian 2014湖北咸宁 a isb amc ared were 考点五 一些由两个部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时 谓语动词常用复数形式 如shoes trousers clothes scissors chopsticks glasses等 但如果这些名词前有akindof apairof aseriesof等修饰时 谓语动词一般用单数形式 thispairofshoes mewell buttheshoes expensive 2014四川巴中 a fit areb fits arec fits is 2 thispairofpants mine yoursmay onthebed 2014黑龙江绥化 a is beb are bec are are 考点六 1 anumberof 复数可数名词 代词 作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 thenumberof 复数可数名词 代词 作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 2 分数 百分数 of 名词 和 therestof 名词 作主语时 谓语动词的形式由名词决定 1 what thenumberofthestudentsinyourschool abouttwothousand anumberofthem fromthecountryside 2014山东泰安 a is areb is isc are isd are are 2 whenwilltherailwaythatconnectsthetwocitiesopen nextyear onlytwothirds beenbuilt 2014江苏常州 a until hasb until havec notuntil hasd notuntil have 考点七 动词不定式或动词 ing形式作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 climbinghills goodforourhealth 2014贵州黔东南 a areb isc wasd were 意义一致意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式 而是由其意义决定 考点一 当表示距离 金额 时间 书名等复数名词 词组 作主语时 常将其看作一个整体 谓语动词用单数形式 doyouneedmoretimetocompletethetask yes anothertendays enough 2014广东 a isb wasc ared were 考点二 某些集体名词 如family class team group等 作主语时 如果作为一个整体看待 谓语动词用单数形式 如果指集体中的成员 谓语动词用复数形式 1 look thepolice thefoodontothebankoftheriver 2014四川宜宾 a amcarryingb iscarryingc arecarryingd arecarried 2 theteam thebestinthegameandtheteam tryingtheirbesttoplay a is isb is arec are ared are is 考点三 一些形式上是复数 但意义上是单数的名词 如news works physics maths politics等 它们作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 ihopethere goodnewstonight a isb arec wasd were 考点四 1 如果主语由 the 形容词 充当时 谓语动词常用复数形式 这类词有thebrave thepoor therich theblind theyoung theold thesick thedead等 2 the 姓氏的复数形式 表示某某一家人或某某夫妇作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 1 theyoung hardtogetabetterlifethesedays a isworkingb haveworkedc hasworkedd areworking 2 thewhites theholidayineuropenextweek a isgoingtotakeb aregoingtotakec takesd take 考点五 代词what which who some any等作主语时 谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定其单复数形式 1 which yourchair paul theredone it snearjim s a isb arec wasd were2 doyouknowwherethecardsare yes there someinmybedroom a isb arec wasd were 就近一致就近一致是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致 考点一 以or notonly butalso either or neither nor 等连接的名词 或代词 作主语时 谓语动词常与靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致 1 neithertonynori interestedinplayingweibo youareout 2014四川广安 a amb isc are2 notonlymyfriendsbutalsoi interestedinfootballandmessiisourfavoritestar 2013广东 a beb amc isd are 考点二 在therebe句型中 如果有两个或两个以上的主语时 主语与谓语的一致遵循着两个相矛盾的原则 就近一致和语法一致 做题时 常依据就近一致原则 1 there somemilkandtwoeggsonthetable 2014湖南永州 a isb arec has2 there abookandsomepensinthebag pleasegivethemtotheoldman 2014贵州毕节 a beb arec isd have 3 there lotsofsheepandpigsonmyuncle sfarmnow 2014重庆 a wasb werec isd are 1 thetwins fondofthenewideainthemagazinearticle 2016上海 a beb amc isd are2 awomanwithayoungboy gettingintouncle scar 2016山东威海 isb arec has 中考链接 3 there anumberofbooksinthelibraryandthenumberofthem increasing 2016山东烟台 a has isb have arec are isd is are4 weeach wechatnowadays eventheoldpeople 2016黑龙江龙东 a playb playsc playing 5 look thisisourclassphoto there 45studentsinmyclass 2016四川攀枝花 a hasb havec isd are6 notonlyyoubutalsoeveryonehere watchingfootballmatches 2016黑龙江齐齐哈尔 a likesb likec islike 7 mysisterwithmyparents dumplingswhenigothomeyesterdayevening 2016甘肃兰州 a aremakingb ismakingc wasmakingd weremaking8 everybodyexceptmikeandlinda therewhenthemeetingbegan 2016四川自贡 a areb wasc were 9 about oftheland coveredwithtreesandgrass 2016黑龙江龙东地区 a threefifths isb threefifths arec threefifth are10 bothkateandi readyforthenewhighschoollife 2016湖北孝感 a amb isc ared be 11 there somegoodadviceabouthowtoreduceairpoll