高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 2 Working the land练习 新人教版必修4.doc

unit 2working the land(60分钟81分)part a一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)ait has happened to all of us.you want to talk about an object,but you forgot the name of it.or you never knew the name at all.maybe you are not even sure there is a word for it.for example,that thing,that you need to fix your bicycle.or perhaps it is something you need for your computer.or that part on your motorcycle that never,ever seems to work.what are these things?they are called “doohickeys”.a doohickey is a word you use when you do not know or you have forgotten the real name of an object.the macmillan dictionary defines doohickey as “something such as a small object or tool that you cannot remember the name”.the american heritage dictionary says it is “something,especially a small device or part,whose name is unknown or forgotten”.language experts say the word first started being used in the united states in the early 1900s.but other experts say they have seen examples of words like that in writings from the middle 1800s.the merriam-webster dictionary for learners of american english gives this example of how native speakers might use doohickey:“i need one of those doohickeys,you know,with the long handle.”merriam-webster adds that doohickey may be a combination of two other words:“doodad” and “hickey”.strange as it may be,both of the two words mean the same as doohickey.the dictionary lists a lot of strange words as synonyms for doohickey.the most common are whatchamacallit,whatnot and whatsit.you will probably never see these words in official documents or newspaper reports.but you might hear them in informal american english,when people are talking to each other.“hey,what does this doohickey do,anyway?”“dude,bring me that thingamajig,willya?”“janine,can you get me one of those whatchamacallits?”most americans will know what you are talking about if you use one of those words.just point at the object,use one of these words,and they will bring it to you.1.when people need a doohickey,it means they need something .a.which can be used to repair a bicycleb.which can be used to fix a computerc.whose name is forgottend.whose handle is very long2.the words similar to doohickey were most likely to be seen in .a.1800b.1850c.1900d.19503.you are sure to find the word whatchamacallit in .a.the macmillan dictionaryb.the american heritage dictionaryc.an official document or a newspaper reportd.the merriam-webster dictionary for learners of american english4.the above passage is mainly about .a.a special wordb.american english dictionariesc.the development of american englishd.the way to learn and use american english【文章大意】本文为说明文,主要介绍了doohickey一词的来源、意思、同义词以及运用。1.c细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“a doohickey is a word you use when you do not know or you have forgotten the real name of an object.”可知,当你不知道或者忘记某个东西的名称时,你可以用doohickey来代替它。故选c项。2.b细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“but other experts say they have seen examples of words like that in writings from the middle 1800s.”可知,与“doohickey”类似的词最有可能出现在1850年。故选b项。3.d细节理解题。根据第七段内容以及第八段最后两句可知,在韦氏词典 中肯定能找到whatchamacallit一词。故选d项。4.a主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文主要介绍了doohickey一词的来源、意思、同义词以及运用,故选a项。bfood festivals around the worldstilton cheese rollingmay day is a traditional day for celebrations,but the 2,000 english villagers of stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans.teams of four,dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes,roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.on the way,they must not kick or throw their cheeses,or go into their competitors lane(赛道).competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete stilton cheese weighing about four kilos(disappointingly,but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones).all the competitors are served with beer or port wine,the traditional accompaniment for stilton cheese.fiery foods festivalthe hottest festival on earthevery year more than 10,000 people head for the city of albuquerque,new mexico.they come from as far away as australia,the caribbean and china,but they all share a common addictionfood that is not just spicy(辛辣),but hot enough to make your mouth burn,your head spin and your eyes water.their destination is the fiery food and bbq festival which is held over a period of three days every march.you might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepperofficially the hottest pepper in the worldor any one of the thousands of products that are on show.but one things for sureif you dont like the feeling of a burning tongue,this festival isnt for you!la tomatinathe worlds biggest food fighton the last wednesday of every august,the spanish town of buol hosts la tomatinathe worlds largest food fight.a week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the high-light of the weeks events.the early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoesofficial fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.the battle lasts little more than half an hour,in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves,runs,or fights back.then everyone heads down to the river to make friends againand for a much-needed wash!(2015福建高考)1.in the stilton cheese rolling competition,competitors on each team must .a.wear various formal clothesb.roll a wooden cheese in their own lanec.kick or throw their cheesed.use a real cheese weighing about four kilos2.where is the fiery food and bbq festival held?a.in new mexico.b.in the caribbean.c.in australia.d.in china.3.the celebration of la tomatina lasts .a.three daysb.seven days c.less than three daysd.more than seven days4.what can we infer according to the passage?a.the chief prize for the stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.b.more than 10,000 chinese take part in the fiery food and bbq festival.c.thousands of spicy foods are on show in the fiery food and bbq festival.d.an exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of la tomatina.【文章大意】本文为说明文,主要给我们介绍了世界上几种与食物有关的有趣节日。1.b细节理解题。根据stilton cheese rolling部分的“they must not kick.go into their competitors lane”和“the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones”可判断,参赛队员在他们自己的赛道上滚动一个木制的奶酪。故选b项。2.a细节理解题。根据fiery foods festival部分的第一句“every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of albuquerque,new mexico.”可知答案是a项。3.b细节理解题。根据la tomatina部分的“a week-long celebration.”可知西红柿节的庆祝持续七天,答案选b项。4.c推理判断题。根据fiery foods festival部分的“.or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.”可知c项正确。二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)as my friend was passing the elephants,he suddenly stopped.he 1.(confuse) by the fact that these huge animals were being held by nothing 2. a small rope.the rope was tied to their front legs.no chains,no cages.it was obvious 3. the elephants could break away from the ropes at any time.but for some reason,they did not.my friend saw a 4.(train) nearby and asked why these elephants just stood there and made no attempt 5.(get) away.“well,” he said,“when they are very young and much 6.(small),we use the same size rope to tie them.at that age,its enough to hold them.as they grow up,they are used to 7.(believe) that they cannot break away.they believe the rope can still hold them,8. they never try to break free.”my friend was amazed.these animals could at any time break free from their bonds,but because they believed they couldnt,they were stuck right where they were.9. the elephants,how many of us go through life hanging onto a belief that we cannot do something,simply because we failed at it once before?how many of us are being held back by outdated beliefs that no longer serve us?how many of us have avoided 10.(try) something new because of a false belief?1.was confused。be confused by为固定搭配,意为“被迷惑,被弄糊涂”。根据上下文可知用一般过去时。2.but。此处意为“这些巨大的动物仅仅用一根小细绳拴着”。nothing but为固定搭配,意为“仅仅,只不过”。3.that。此处用that引导主语从句,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句。4.trainer。空前有不定冠词a,故此处应填动词train的名词形式trainer,意为“驯兽师”。5.to get。make no attempt to do sth.为固定用法,意为“不试图做某事,不打算做某事”。6.smaller。much用来修饰形容词的比较级,故填smaller。7.believing。be used to doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“习惯于做某事”。8.so。空前和空后的句子构成因果关系,故填so。9.like。此处意为“正如大象一样”,故填连词like。10.trying。avoid doing sth.为固定用法,意为“避免做某事”。part b一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)since finishing my studies at harvard and oxford,ive watched one friend after another land high-ranking,high-paying wall street jobs.as executives(高级管理人员)with banks,consulting firms,established law firms,and major corporations,many are now 1 on their way to impressive careers.by societys 2,they seem to have it made.on the surface,these people seem to be very lucky in life.as they left student life behind,many had a 3 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar,shook hands with longtime roommates,and 4 out of small apartments into high buildings.they made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 5 a college years monthly rent.they replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.the thing is,a number of them have 6 that despite their success,they arent happy.some 7 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 8.some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 9.however,instead of devoting themselves to their work,they find themselves working to support the 10 to which they have so quickly become 11.people often speak of trying a more satisfying path,and 12 in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they 13 or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion:its 14.they have loans,bills,a mortgage(抵押贷款) to 15,retirement to save for.they recognize theres something 16 in their lives,but its 17 to step off the track.in a society that tends to 18 everything in terms of dollars and cents,we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 19 in financial terms.but what about the personal and social costs 20 in pursuing money over meaning?these are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignoreand the very ones we need to consider most.(2015浙江高考)1.a.muchb.neverc.seldomd.well2.a.policiesb.standardsc.experimentsd.regulations3.a.lastb.leastc.secondd.best4.a.cycledb.movedc.slidd.looked5.a.sharedb.paidc.equaledd.collected6.a.advertisedb.witnessedc.admittedd.demanded7.a.complainb.dreamc.heard.approve8.a.distributeb.hatec.applaudd.neglect9.a.calmb.guiltyc.warmd.empty10.a.familyb.governmentc.lifestyled.project11.a.accustomedb.appointedc.uniqued.available12.a.yetb.alsoc.insteadd.rather13.a.let outb.turn inc.give upd.believe in14.a.fundamentalb.practicalc.impossibled.unforgettable15.a.take offb.drop offc.put offd.pay off16.a.missingb.inspiringc.sinkingd.shining17.a.harmfulb.hardc.usefuld.normal18.a.measureb.sufferc.digestd.deliver19.a.disastersb.motivationsc.campaignsd.decisions20.a.assessedb.involvedc.coveredd.reduced【文章大意】在当今物欲横流的社会,有些看似成功的人其实并不开心,因为他们忽视了人生的真正意义。1.d作为银行、顾问公司、法律事务所以及大型公司的高级管理人员,他们在自己的职业生涯上已做得很好(well)。2.b以社会的标准(standards)来看,他们算是成功人士。3.a根据后文的“shook hands with.high buildings”可知,该处指他们告别学生时期的生活,去便宜的小酒吧喝最后一次酒,和同学道别,搬到高层的小公寓中去住。4.bmove out o.指“从搬到”。5.c他们会到饭店去,那里一瓶酒的消费相当于(equaled)大学里一个月的房租。6.c但是事实上他们中的许多人承认(admitted)尽管自己很成功,但是并不幸福。7.a一些人会抱怨(complain)毫不友善的同事,也会因自己并不喜欢(hate)的任务却投入了8小时工作时间而悲伤。complain of为固定搭配意为“抱怨”。8.b根据“feel sad for”可推测很多工作他们并不喜欢。9.d一些人并不尊重自己所在的公司,说自己感到疲惫、空虚(empty)。10.c然而他们不是全身心投入到工作中,他们发现自己工作是为了支撑自己已迅速习惯的那种生活方式(lifestyle)。11.abe accustomed to“习惯于”。a项意为“习惯的”;b项意为“约定的”;c项意为“独特的”;d项意为“可利用的”。12.a此处应用yet表示转折关系。13.d根据下文的“loans,bills,a mortgage”可知,那些想找到能为自己的信仰而工作或者有更多时间陪伴自己家人的职位的人,最终发现那是不可能的(impossible)。14.c见上题解析。a项意为“基本的”;b项意为“实际的”;c项意为“不可能的”;d项意为“难忘的”。15.d贷款是需要偿还的。a项意为“脱下”;b项意为“减少”;c项意为“推迟”;d项意为“还清”。16.a他们意识到自己的生活里缺失(missing)了一些东西,但是却很难(hard)改变自己的轨迹。17.b见上题解析。18.a在一个以金钱衡量(measure)一切的社会中,我们从小就学会从金钱角度考虑我们所做的决定要付出的代价。19.d见上题解析。a项意为“灾难”;b项意为“动机”;c项意为“活动”;d项意为“决定”。20.b但是只追求金钱而不考虑意义的做法所涉及(involve in)的个人和社会代价又怎么办呢?二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)easy steps to happier livingtake care of your body.our body and mind are connected.1 it instantly improves our mood and can even lift us out of depression.we dont all have to run marathonsthere are simple things we can do to be more active each day.we can spend time outdoors,eat healthily and get enough sleep.notice the world around you.have you ever felt there must be more to life?good newsthere is.and its right here in front of us.2 learning to be more mindful and aware does wonders for our happiness,whether its on our walk to work or in the way we eat.it helps us get in tune with our feelings and stops us focusing on the past or worrying about the future.keep learning.learning affects our happiness in lots of positive ways.3 it also gives us a sense of accomplishment.we learn new things throughout our lives,not just through formal qualifications.we can share a skill with friends,join a club,play a new sport and so much more.4 helping other people is not only good for them but also good for us.it makes us happier and can help to improve our health.giving also creates stronger connections between people and helps to build a happier society for everyone.5 we can also give our time,ideas and energy.so if you want to feel good,do good.these simple areas tend to make a big difference to peoples happiness and,more importantly,they are all within our control.a.do things for others.b.connect with people.c.helping is not all about money.d.we just need to stop and take notice.e.it can help us improve our physical health.f.being active makes us happier as well as healthier.g.it exposes us to new ideas and helps us stay curious.【文章大意】这篇短文主要给我们介绍了幸福生活的几个简单步骤:照顾好身体;关注周围的世界;坚持学习等。1.f根据下文中的“there are simple things we can do to be m