北京朗阁新托福听力笔记技巧点拨(下).doc

新托福听力笔记技巧点拨（下）朗阁海外考试研究中心 在上篇中，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家就新托福听力段子中记笔记的相关技巧给大家做了详细说明，分别从“宏观策略”、“记什么”和“怎样记”给出了备考建议。接下来，我们来共同详细探讨一下“怎样记”听力段子内容。一、工欲善其事，必先利其器这里的“器”，显而易见指的是记录单词的方式。在上一讲中，我们提到了一些记笔记的简写方法，下面来看一些具体的实例： 字母，图像 表示国家，领土等：country, state, nation. 类似地，发展中国家可以在中间加一个d, 发达国家在中间加一个Di 表示工业：industry, industrial（字母i像只烟囱）A 表示农业：agriculture. agriculture经常用到，所以用首字母代替B 表示商业：businessC 表示冲突，矛盾：conflict, confrontation, 表示反对r 表示政府，统治：government, govern 表示政治：希腊字母/pai/, 近似politics, politicalE 表示工作，职业：work, employ等 看上去像条鱼，所以表示捕鱼业fishery 保留辅音Chapter: chptReceive: rcvExperience: xpSubject: sbjProblem: prb 保留首字母Information: infoMaximum: maxIntroduction: intro 词缀-er/or/cian表示人，简写为o: 如technician techo-ism简写为m: socialism Sm-tion简写为n: standardization stdn-ment简写为mt: movement mvmt-ing简写为+: marketing mkt+-ed 简写为-: satisfied stsf-此外，还可以用中文汉字代替部分单词，比如“水”就比water记下来花的时间短。二、清晰的笔记版式利用清晰的笔记结构减少做题时间。在记笔记时，要充分利用手头的纸张。可以将其对折，从一边开始，竖着记录。版式可参照下列格式： 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 注意每一行不要记录太长，第一句可记录教授所说的主题。下面给大家一个具体案例。E.G. TPO 17 Section 1 - Lecture 1 (Art History)听力原文：That would be Stratigraphy. Stratigraphy is used for dating portable art. When archaeologists are digging at a site, they make very careful notes about which stratum (strata), which layer of earth they find things in. And, you know, the general rule is that the oldest layers are at the lowest level. But this only works if the site hasnt been touched, and the layers are intact. A problem with this dating method is that an object could have been carried around, used for several generations before it was discarded. So it might be much older than the layer or even the site where it was found. The stratification technique gives us the minimum age of an object, which isnt necessarily its true age. Tom, in your archaeology class, did you talk about radiocarbon dating? Fortunately, they did, at least some of the time. So it turns out that radiocarbon dating works for a lot of prehistoric art. But again theres a problem. This technique destroys what it analyzes, so you have to chip off bits of the object for testing. Obviously we are reluctant to do that in some cases. And apart from that, theres another problem. The date tells you the age of the material, say, a bone or a tree, the object is made from, but not the date when the artist actually created it. So, with radiocarbon dating, we get the maximum possible age for the object, but it could be younger.这篇听力题算是比较难的一篇，涉及艺术品鉴定，专业性较强。里面可能会出现考生比较陌生的词汇，比如Stratigraphy（地层学），stratum（岩层），radiocarbon dating（碳定年法）等等。在这里，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家提醒广大考生注意放听力的考试界面，一般会有图片，上面写着与考试内容紧密相关的学术性词汇。这些词大部分对考生来说是比较陌生的，所以建议大家尝试着读一下这个词，发音不准没关系，只要脑海中有印象即可。在听到这个词时，注意教授的解释，将这个词符号化，听不懂不必慌。在记笔记时，大家可以按照以下格式将此段重点清晰地罗列出来：技1: Stra.: portbl art if 碰 老 min age, 不准 技2: RCD: 史前art Prbl: dstry材 年代：材I/O 创 max age 年轻如果能够按照上面的笔记框架记录，那么考点就一目了然了，节约了寻找内容的时间。考生们一定要注意，笔记是协助做题的，而非适得其反。在教学过程中发现，有不少学生片面追求笔记的量，生怕一个不小心漏记一个单词或细节就会丢分，这就是所谓的“只见树木，不见森林”。在听听力段子时，一定要把握主线，只记有用信息，重点关注与主旨有关的细节，抓各种逻辑关系。当然这需要大量的听写练习和真题演练才能形成做题的系统技能和感觉。所以建议考生们在备考时一定要坚持练习听写和完成相关考题。实际上，新托福听力考试