（讲练测）高考英语一轮复习 模块3.2 Language（讲）（含解析）牛津译林版.doc

unit 2 language一、重点词汇 熟记下列单词occupy vt. 占领；占用（时间、空间等）defeat vt. 击败，战胜bark n. & vi. （狗）叫interrupt vi. & vt. 插嘴，打断，暂停represent vt. 代表；展示，描绘combine vt. & vi. 组合；（使）联合distinguish vt. 区分，辨别；使具有某种特征indicate vt. 显示，表示；象征，暗示drag vt. （使劲地）拖，拉ban vt. & n. 禁止；取缔battle n. & vi. 战斗raise vt. 养育，培育；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及press vt. (被)压，挤，推，施加压力 n. 报刊；新闻界；出版社vocabulary n. 词汇nowadays adv. 现在，如今mainland n. 大陆official adj. 官方的，正式的phrase n. 词组，短语servant n. 仆人therefore adv. 因此，所以high-class adj. 上层社会的process n. 过程，进程accent n. 口音，腔调；着重点pure adj. 纯的，纯净的，纯粹的unique adj. 独特的gentle adj. 温柔的，平和的backwards adv. 向后；向反方向custom n. 风俗，习俗deed n. 行为，行动drawing n. 绘画，绘画艺术 shortcoming n. 缺点，短处ink n. 墨水，油墨 eyesight n. 视力pattern n. 图案，花纹；模式，方式thus adv. 以此方式，如此；因此，从而character n. (书写或印刷)文字，符号；人物；性格词性(词形)变化mixture n. 混合，混合体mix v.混合spelling n. 拼写spell v.拼写distinction n. 区别，差别distinguish v.区别mistaken adj. 错误的；误解的mistake v.误解 n.错误writing n. 文字；文字作品write v.写appearance n. 外观，外貌appear v. 出现link-v.似乎typewriter n. 打字机typewrite v.打字hunt vi. & vt. 打猎，猎杀；搜寻hunter n.猎户，狩猎的人convenient adj.方便的convenience n方便conclusion n. 结论；推论conclude v.总结，归纳，推论practical adj.切实可行的，实用的practise v练习，实践entire adj. 完全的，整个的entirely adv. 完全地，整个地embarrass v.使尴尬，使难堪embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，使人尴尬的embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的，难堪的concern n关心；忧虑v.涉及；使担忧concerned adj.担心的，关心的concerning prep.关于access v.进入；使用 n通道；(使用的)机会，权利accessible adj.可接近的，可进入的contribution n贡献；促成因素；捐赠contribute v贡献replace v.替换；代替，取代replacement n代替，更换differ v.相异，有区别difference n不同different adj.不同的，有区别的短语英语汉语意义英语汉语意义all through history有史以来in conclusion总之be made up of/ consist of 由组成（构成）differ from和不同be named after以命名in that因为aside from除外over time随着时间的推移play a part in 在发挥作用as a whole总的来说take control of 控制in the 1950s在二十世纪五十年代lead to / result in/contribute to导致introduce sb. to reading将某人领入阅读世界make contributions to对作贡献weigh as much as 100 pounds重达100磅go through huge changes经历巨变be of practical use有实用性stand for 代表work on 从事含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)1.【教材原句】then two germanic groups from the european mainland the angles and the saxons occupiedbritain.(p22)然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族盎格鲁人和撒克逊人占领了不列颠。2.【教材原句】the most important contribution was from the normans，a frenchspeaking people who defeated england and took control of the country in 1066.(p22)最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年打败并统治了英格兰。 old french made contribution to middle english as well.(p23)古法语也为中古英语作出了其他贡献。3.【教材原句】however, the norman conquest did not affect english as much as the angles and the saxons victory about 600 years earlier, which led to old english replacing celtic. (p23)然而，诺尔曼征服对英语的影响不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语代替了凯尔特语。4.【教材原句】after the norman conquest，many english people worked as servants who raised animals.(p23)诺曼征服之后，很多英国人沦为诺曼人的仆人，他们为诺曼人饲养牲畜。therefore, the words we use for most animals raised for food, such as cow, sheep and pig, came from old english. (p23)所以，我们现在所用的大多数表示专为肉食而饲养的动物的单词都是从古英语来的，如cow (母牛), sheep (羊), pig(猪)。5.【教材原句】king henry was a poet who showed great concern for language. (p29)国王亨利七世是一位诗人，对语言特别感兴趣。6.【教材原句】at one time the department banned someborrowed words from english，including weekend and email.(p29)这个部门一度废除了来自英语的“借用词”，包括“weekend”和“email”。7.【教材原句】french people supported this because they wanted to keep their language pure and unique.(p29)法国人支持这一点因为他们想保持他们语言纯净和独特。8.【教材原句】today, the spread of borrowed words is mostly due to the easily accessed internet and television programmes from across the world. (p29)现在，外来词的蔓延主要归因于因特网的便利使用以及来自世界各地的电视节目。9.【教材原句】it is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them, .(p38)只要看它们(的字形)，就可以很容易区别它们的意思。10.【教材原句】the whole system was not convenientfor use. (p39)整个系统使用起来非常不方便。11.【教材原句】at the age of fifteen, he created a system with patterns of six raised dots representing each letter. (p39)15岁时，他创造出了可以由6个凸点表示字母的体系。12.【教材原句】this stands for a big smile. (p21) 这代表着灿烂的笑容。13.【教材原句】old english consisted of a mixture of their languages.(p22)古英语包含他们的语言的混合体。the english language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to britain.(p22)英语是由这些人带到英国的语法和词汇构成的语言。14.【教材原句】aside from place names such as london, very few celtic words became part of old english. (p22)除了像伦敦这样的地名外，极少数的凯尔特单词成了古英语的一部分。15.【教材原句】the chinese language differs from western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. (p38)汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。16.【教材原句】however,as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms. (p38)不过，总的来说，汉字从图画发展成了标准形式。二、经典句型考点-1. 对谓语动词强调的句型【教材原句】on the other hand, the english language did borrow many words from french. (p23)另一方面，英语也确实借用了很多法语单词。 3. it is certain that句型【教材原句】it is certain that this process will continue, and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things.(p23)可以肯定的是，这一变化过程将会继续，人们将会不断地发明新的单词和新的表达方式。 考点-5. be of +抽象名词【教材原句】while the students found the soldiers idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use.(p39)虽然学生们发现这个士兵的主意很有趣，但这个系统太复杂没有实用性。三、语法自主复习复习本单元的grammar and usage： 由疑问连词引导的名词性从句和形式主语it。一、连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句1. 由what，which，who/whom，whose等连接代词和when，where，why，how等连接副词引导的名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。 (2)宾语从句he didnt know what time it was.他不知道几点了。please tell me whose book it is.请告诉我这是谁的书。(3)表语从句the problem is how we could make him understand it.问题是我们如何能使他明白这些。the question is where we should go.问题是我们应该去哪儿。(4)同位语从句i have no idea where he has gone.我不知道他去了哪里。we dont understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个问题为什么这是最好的选择。2.连接代词和连接副词的选择连接代词和连接副词的选择要把握住两点：(1)成分：连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。(2)意义：无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都有各自的意义。thats where the accident took place.那就是事故发生的地方。she didnt know who/whom we were talking about.她不知道我们在谈论谁。3.名词性从句语序问题名词性从句总是用陈述句语序，而不能使用疑问句语序，尤其是当名词性从句由“疑问词”引导时，不能受疑问句的影响而误用疑问句语序。误：the problem is how can we prevent pollution.正：the problem is how we can prevent pollution.问题是我们怎样才能制止污染。二、形式主语it在英语中，有时一个句子的主语太长会使这个句子显得笨拙且难以理解，而使这个句子变得容易理解的一个方法就是使用形式主语it。有了形式主语it，主语就被移到句子的末尾，it被放在句子开头的位置。1. it作形式主语置于句首代替名词性从句的结构： (2)itbe名词that从句结构，常用于这种句型的名词及名词短语有good news，common knowledge，an honour，a pity，a shame，no wonder，a mystery等。地球围着太阳转是常识。it is common knowledge that the earth turns around the sun.真遗憾，他不能参加晚会。it is a pity that he cant attend the party.她得了第一是事实。it is a fact that she won the first place. (4)itseems/appears等不及物动词that从句结构。看起来马上要下雨了。it seems that it is going to rain soon.看起来他们现在是处在困境中。it now appears that they are in trouble.2. it作形式主语代替不定式的结构：在很多情况下(尤其是作主语的不定式短语过长时)，我们常用it代替不定式放在句首，而将作主语的不定式后置，以使句子显得平衡。 (2)itbe名词不定式跟你在一起很高兴。it is a pleasure to be with you.这样做是错误的。it is a mistake to do it in this way. (3)it动词短语不定式做完那项工作需要艰苦劳动。it needed hard work to finish the job.教育孩子需要耐心。it r