U3 重点词汇讲解.doc

U3 重点词汇讲解1. come true （希望, 理想等）实现，达到，成真come vi. 变成，达到（某种状态）1) You dream will come true some day. 你的理想总有一天会实现。2) The door came open quietly.门静悄悄地开了。3) The shoelace came undone.鞋带松开了。比较: come true/realize 两个词均可表示“实现”的意思，但是come true是不及物动词短语，而realize是及物动词。 He realized his hope. 他实现了他的愿望。 The fears were realized. 恐惧成为事实。 His dream has come true. 他的梦想变成了现实。 come的相关短语 come about 发生，造成 come across 偶然遇见 come into being/existence 开始存在，建立 come into power 开始执政 come near 不亚于，差一点就 come off 脱落 come to 总汁；达到；苏醒 come to light 被发现，被大家知道 come to oneself 恢复知觉 come up 走近，提出 4) Can you tell me how the accident came about? 你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗?5) Mr. Smith came across a child sleeping under the bridge.史密斯先生偶然发现一个小孩睡在桥下。 2. set vt. 为 （故事等）构设背景，使（故事，剧情）以为背景；布置（舞台等）set a stage为舞台布景 /be set in 以为背景1) The story is set in the early days of World War II. 这故事是以第二次世界大战初期为背景。2) The novel is set in the 18th century Pairs. 这本小说以18世纪的巴黎为背景。Set词组归纳set down 记下，写下 set out 出发，启程 set out to do 开始着手做 set off 出发，使爆炸 set aside 留出，不顾，取消，驳回 set foot in/in 踏进/踏上 set fire to sth 把点燃 set a good example to sb. 为树立好榜样 set the table 摆桌子3. upon prep. 在后立即，一就，on以代替upon1) Upon reaching the hotel, she emailed her father. 她一到旅馆就给她父亲发了电子邮件。句型转换2) 他一到达机场就被警察逮捕了Upon his arrival at the airport，he was arrested by the police.As soon as he arrived at the airport，he was arrested by the police.He was arrested by the police immediately he arrived at the airport.4. pass on 把传给 1) God traditional habits should be passed on to younger generations好的传统应传给年轻一代。pass on (1)pass away (委婉)死去，逝世 She passed onaway in her sleep 她睡着的时候与世长辞了。(2)hand on把传(递)下去Read this notice and pass it on 看一下这个通知，并传阅。 2) Stories about family are usually passed on by mouth from one generation to another家庭的故事通常都是通过口头一代一代往下传的.Pass 的词组归纳pass by=go pastwith every day that passes/ with every passing daypass the time 打发时间5. be connected to与相连接 connect A with (to) Bjoin A to B指两物有形的连接 connect with相连;衔接 A be connected with B A与B有联系 注意：当要表达“把A与B连接起来”时，用介词to和with都可以；但要表达“A与B有联系”时，只能用with。 1) Connect me with the post-office, please. 请接邮政局。（电话用语） 2) I was connected to the wrong number. 我的电话接错了。3) The police thought he was connected with the murder.警方认为他与那起谋杀案有关。6. give out 分发；发出(气味、热等)；发表；用尽 1) My legs gave out and l couldnt walk any further. 我的腿撑不住了，不能再往前走了。 2) The results of the examination wont be given out. 考试结果不会公布。 3) The flowers give out a sweet smell. 这些鲜花散发出甜甜的味道。 give upgive ingive offgive away (1)give up 放弃 Never give up the study English 永远不要放弃英语学习。 (2)give in屈服；让步；投降 Finally he gave in to my views. 最终他对我的观点妥协了。 (3)give off送出；发出 The sun gives off light and heat. 太阳发出光和热。 (4)giveaway赠送；放弃；泄露；出卖 It was the mayor who gave away the prizes to the winners 是市长给获胜者颁发奖品的。7. deliver vt. 释放，交付，移交，投递，传送，发表，表达，给予delivery n. 交付deliver sb. From sth 把某人从解救出来deliver sth. toover sb. 把某物交付某人 deliver a message 带信，传话 deliver a speech 发表讲话 deliver oneself of an opinion 发表意见 deliver over(up)(to) 移交，交给 be delivered of sb. 生(小孩) 1) I delivered the massage and parcel to her.我把信和包裹交给了她。2) What were left were to be delivered later in the day.剩下的晚些时候再送来。3) We asked for immediate delivery.我们要求立即交货。4) We deliver your order to your door.我们送货上门。5) She betrayed him and delivered him to the enemy.她背叛了他，把他押送给敌军。6) She was delivered of a healthy boy.她生下了一个健康的男孩子。7) The jury delivered its verdict.陪审团宣布其判决。8) We delivered her from death. 我们把她从死亡中解救出来。8. impress vt. 铭刻；给极深的印象；使感动(1)“给深刻印象；铭刻”，印象可以是好的，也可以是不好的。例如：1) He impressed me favorably.他给我的印象不错。2) His acting impressed me as being somewhat artificial.他的演技给我的印象是有点做作。(2)“印上；压印”。例如：3) The design was impressed on the cloth. 这个图案印在布上了。4) They impress the words“Made in Chinaon a metal plate.=They impress a metal plate with the words Made in China.他们在块金属板上压印出“中国制造”的字样。(3)“使记住(某事的)重要性”，常与介词on连用。例如：5) She impressed (it) on me that l must come home early 她让我记住一定早点回家。(4) impress n“严印象；痕迹；特征”。例如：6) His work has made a decided impress upon our time 他的作品给我们的时代一种决定性的印象。7) Time has left impress upon him时代给他留下了痕迹。(5) impression n印象；印刷次数。例如：8) I shall never forget the impressions l have gathered during my trip.我永远难忘旅游中的印象。9) This is the third impression of that book in one year.这是那本书一年内的第三次印刷。Impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的，难忘的。例如: I found the exhibition most impressive. 我觉得那次展览会给人以深刻的印象。 9. accuse sb. of (doing ) sth. 控告某人犯有罪， 谴责某人做某事accuse vt. 控告，指责，谴责 谴责者 accusing adj. 指责的 accusation n. 责备 the accused 被告 be under an accusation 被控告 1) The man was accused of being greedy. 此人被指责太贪婪。2) Ma Jiajue was accused of murder. 马加爵被指控犯了谋杀罪。3) The police accused him of careless driving.警察指责他开车粗心。4) We should take their accusation seriously.我们应认真对待他们的指责。accuse / charge 两者都有“指控”的意思。 (1) accuse往往指当面指控，未必诉诸于有关当局。指控对方的事可能是重大事件，也可能是小事，常构成accuse sb. of (doing)sth. 结构。例如：5) The police accused him of theft. 警察控告他偷窃。 6) She accused him of being late. 她指责他迟到。 charge可用于因小过错而受责备，如违反规则；也可以用于法律上正式的控告，对严重的错误或罪行加以控诉、谴责，并向当局正式提出控告，常构成charge sb with(doing) sth结构。 7) The police charged the prisoner with stealing the jewels. 警方指控囚犯偷窃珠宝。 8) The woman charged him with murder. 那个女人指控他犯有谋杀罪。 类似结构：inform sb. of sth/remind sb of sth10. thrilling/ thrilled 与tired/ tiring以及amaze、amazing使役动词的ing形式与ed形式作定语或表语要注意区别：1) The audience are thrilled about the winning of their football match.2) This is a thrilling and unforgettable experience.3) Im tired from this tiring job.4) He was amazed at peoples response to his appeal.11. fadebecome less clear or noticeable until it finally disappears 1) Her smile faded solely.become quieter until you cant hear it 2) The laughter faded when they saw their boss.become paler weaker 3) The sun faded the red curtain. 4) Hopes that he would be found alive are fading.12 presentation n. 展示（外观，方式，外貌）make/ give a presentation on sth. e.g. I am going to ask you to make a brief presentation on your survey. present vt. present sth. sb. with sth. 把 颁给某人 present sth. to sb. 把 提交给某人e.g. The headmaster presented the medal to the winner. The secretary is in charge of presenting the papers to the manager.13. put into使 投入 e.g. put into practice Phrases related to “put” put sb. under stress 使某人处于压力下 put sth. in place 准备就绪 put sb. at risk 使某人冒险 put forward a plan/ argument 提出一项计划/ 讨论14. add to 增加 add to 把添加到 add up to 总计15. convenient adj. convenience n. It is convenient sth. be convenient.1) If it is convenient, call me tomorrow before noon. 如果方便的话，明天中午之前给我打电话。2) Taking subway is convenient, fast, and cheap.乘坐地铁方便，快捷还很便宜。 16. escape vt. /vi. (to run away from sth. bad)1) He is trying to escape from his oppressive home life. 他试图摆脱他压抑的家庭生活。2) He narrowly escaped from being knocked down by a car.他差点就被汽车撞到了。一、单词拼写1. Harry Potter is a e_ role in the series of JKs novels.2. In most of the peoples opinions, money cant buy h_.3. There is a camera to m_ every action of the prisoner.4. The president is going to d_ a speech in Beijing university.5. The p_ of Jay Zhou reflects some problems in the young.6. He a_ that he would be engaged next week.7. He is major in computer so he must be good at p_.8. Ten graduates are e_ last year, which is out of our expectation.9. People who were buried under the remains had to wait to be r_.10. When we call a person a green hand ,we mean he is i_. 11. Since you have been to Beijing, would you give us a p_ about it?12. He tried his best to e_ from being punished for what he had done.13. If it is c_ for you, I will drop by at your house on Monday.14. The streets are crowded in u_ areas in most metropolises.15. Honestly speaking, playing computer games has more d_ for teenagers.二、完成句子1. 这部小说是以战前的伦敦为背景吗?_ the novel _ _ pre-war London?2. 中国的汉字经历了巨大的变革。Chinese _ have undergone great changes3. 粉丝对于他们球队的胜利欣喜若狂。The fans _ _ _ their teams victory.4. 现在人们可以畅所欲言。Nowadays people can _ their _ as they will.5. 陈水扁被控贪污受贿。Chen Shuibian _ _ _ bribery.6. 你能传真一份重要文件给我吗？Can you fax a very important _ to me?7. 依我看来，她还是很有前途的。_ _ _, she is a promising girl.8. 我昨天在街上遇见的朋友是从事IT行业的。The man I _ _ in the street yesterday works in IT.9. 西湖的美给我留下了深刻的印象。The beauty of the west lake _ me a _ _.10. 这个博物馆陈列了好多珍贵的艺术品。The museum _ lots of valuable artwork last week.11. Realcine通过能让你身临其境让你惊叹不已。 Realcine can make you _ by _ you _ it.12. 为了增添节日的喜庆气氛，大家燃放烟花爆竹。 To _ _the pleasant atmosphere, people play fireworks.13. 至于工作能力的问题，你完全可以依赖他。 _ _ his working abilities, you have every reason to rely on him.14. 最后但同样重要的一点是我们得让学生体会到幸福。 _ _ not _, we should make students have a feeling of happiness.三、根据中文提示填空1. Carol will _ you round Wuxi since she is a native resident (向导).2. The boots are lighter and softer, _more comfortable to wear (因此).3. What she had to do was to _ _ _, not to live in fancy (面对现实).4. I will _ _ these clothes to my nephew since they are not fit for my son (传递).5. The rose _ _ sweet smell, attracting the girl to stop (散发).6. The upper town _ _ _ the lower town by cable car (连接).7. You should not use _ to solve all the problems (武力).8. When you _ _a new word, you can refer to the dictionary (遇到).9. Massage can help you recover from _ (疲惫).10. The footsteps _ in the distance, which made him rel