高考英语一轮复习 语法专题十一 情态动词与虚拟语气 外研版.doc

情态动词与虚拟语气1i didnt apologize to him for being unable to inform him of the change in the plan.but you_.aought to havebhave tocshould dmust have答案 a 句意：我并没有因为没能告诉他计划中的变化而向他道歉。但是你应该道歉。根据but可知此处用ought to haveought to have done表示(过去)本该做却未做；b.have to不得不；c.should应该，表现在或将来之意；d.must have(done )(过去)一定做了某事。2do you know herbie？im always running into him；he_live nearby.awould bneedcmust dshould答案 c 考查情态动词。句意：你认识herbie吗？我总是遇见他，他肯定住在附近，表示比较肯定的推测用must。3_a little earlier this morning！i missed the bus by only a minute and waited half an hour for another.aif i had got up bif i got upcif only i had got up dif only i got up答案 c 句意：今天早晨我如果早点起床的话就好了！那辆公共汽车我只耽误了一分钟，等另一辆车等了半小时。根据第二句可知第一句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以空格处的谓语动词应用had done；if only.相当于how i wish.，意为：要是的话就好了，但愿。4mum，would you please buy me an mp5 player?if you can help do some housework the whole vacation，you_have one as a reward.amust bneedcwould dshall答案 d 句意：妈妈，你能给我买一个mp5吗？如果整个假期你能帮着做家务的话，你可以得到一个(mp5)作为奖励。shall此处表允诺。must必须，need需要，would愿意，均不符合语境。5what happened to the young trees we planted last week?the trees_well，but i didnt water them.amight grow bneednt have growncwould have grown dwould grow答案 c 句意：我们上周种的小树怎么了？(如果我浇水的话)那些树会长得很好，但是我没浇水。根据but后的分句可知空格处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，补全原句为：if i had watered them，the trees would have grown well，but i didnt water them.。6when he was there，he_go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. amust bshouldcwould dmight答案 c 考查情态动词。句意：当他还在那儿时，每天下班后都会去街角的咖啡店。根据语境可知此处应用would表示过去常常。7if he_that he_to work there then，everything would be ok now.ainsisted；be sent binsisted；was sentchad insisted；be sent dhad insisted；was sent答案 c 考查动词时态和虚拟语气的用法。当insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用(should)do，由此可以排除b、d两项；另外，从句表示对过去已经发生的事情的虚拟，谓语动词要用had done的形式，因此c项正确。8_it rain tomorrow，we would have to cancel the football match.awere bwouldcwill dshould答案 d 考查虚拟语气和倒装语序。句意：如果明天下雨，我们将不得不取消足球比赛。前半句是对将来情况的虚拟，正常语序是“if it should rain tomorrow”。省略if后，要将should提到主语之前，引起倒装。9i actually believe that we_in xian now if you hadnt been caught drunk driving last month.awould be bwould have beencwere dhad been答案 a 考查虚拟语气。句意：事实上，我认为如果上个月你没因酒驾被逮住的话，我们现在就在西安呢。if从句中的时间状语为过去时间(last month)，而主句的时间状语为now，所以主句是对现在事实的虚拟，应为would be。本题为“错综时间虚拟条件句”。10the weather turned out to be fine.i_the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.ashould have taken bneednt have takencmustnt have taken dcould have taken答案 b 句意：结果天气不错，我本不必费那么大劲带着雨伞的。根据turned可知是叙述过去的情况，根据语境可知用neednt have done本不必做却做了；a表示本该做却没做；d表示本来能够，c项形式不正确。11we would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.sorry，i_.i have another appointment.awont bshantccant dmustnt答案 c 考查情态动词用法。根据下文“i have another appointment”可知，我不可能留下来吃午饭。cant意为“不可能”，符合题意。12has your brother found a job?not yet.there are many jobs that he_do but he seems unwilling to do anything.ashall bcouldcmust dshould答案 b 考查情态动词的用法。句意：你的哥哥找到工作了吗？还没有。有很多他能做的工作，但是他似乎不愿意做任何事情。情态动词could可以表示“现在的能力”，语气较can委婉。13if the first few sentences of your application letter fail to win the readers attention，the rest of the letter_not be read at all.amust bshallcmay dshould答案 c 考查情态动词。根据语境可知，如果申请信的前几句不能吸引读者，那么其余部分可能也就不会被阅读了。may表示“可能”，符合语境。14i_thank you enough for what you have done for me.youre welcome.amay not bwill notcmust not dcannot答案 d 句意：你为我所做的一切我感激不尽。别客气。cannot.enough/cannot.to.“再也不为过”，固定搭配。15what is a good boss like?its hard