山东省即墨市高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（8）(1).doc

山东省即墨市2014高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（8）及答案阅读理解(共25小题；每小题2分，满分50分)阅读下列5篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【山东省实验中学2014高考英语一模试】阅读理解aashok gadgil has spent the past three decades helping people in needand he has no plans to stop .on may 2, gadgil won the$100000 lemelson-mit award for global innovation. each year，the honor is given to an inventor who has improved the lives of people in developing countries. gadgils inventions have helped more than 100 million people around the world.gadgil is a professor and physicist at the university of california. when hes not teaching，he works to find solutions to global problems such as energy efficiency and water safety. “i chose to focus on problems where my knowledge of science could help，”he saidin the 1980s he came up with a program to make energy-efficient light bulbs more affordable for people in developing countries. then in the 1990s，gadgil designed his first lifesaving invention，uv waterworks .the device kills deadly disease carrying germs(病菌)from drinking water. it costs just one cent to clean five liters of water .gadgil was inspired to find an inexpensive solution to the clean water crisis after more than 10，000 people in his home country of india died from an outbreak of bengal cholera，in 1993 the disease is spread through contaminated food and drinking water .so far，the invention has provided safe drinking water to more than five million people in poor areas.as a professor，gadgil encourages his students to stay positive about finding solutions to hard problems.“be optimistic when you try a hard problem”he says. “its when you solve a large problem that you can have a big impact on the world”41. gadgil was given lemelson-mit award for_.a. his teaching experience b. his new physical researchc. his vast knowledge d. his helpful inventions42. what call we learn about uv waterworks?a. its gadgils first invention b. its used to clean waterc. it was designed for his home country d. it saved 10，000 people in total43 the underlined word “contamninated”in paragraph 3 means_.a. wasted b. consumed c. polluted d. canned44. according to the last paragraph，gadgil encourages his students_.a. to learn lessons from failuresb. to find problems in peaceful lifec. to make inventions to help poor peopled. to be confident when facing diffculties45.which of the following can best describe gadgil?a. caring and optimistic.b. independent and positive.c. powerful and strict.d. responsible and sensitive.【参考答案】4145、dbcda 【山东省实验中学2014高考英语一模试】阅读理解bglobal warming happens when greenhouse gases trap heat and light from the sun in the earths atmosphere, which increases the temperature. this is like when heat is trapped in a car. on a hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. this is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows，but it cant get back out. this is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth .the heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it cant get out as a result，the temperature rises.sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us. the greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on without it，the earth would be freezing，or it would be burning hot. it would be freezing at night because we would not get the suns heat and light .during the day, especially during the summer,it would be burning because the sun would be up with no atmosphere to filter(过滤)it，so people，plants，and animals would be exposed to all the light and heat.although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it，if there gets to be too many gases，the each can get unusually warmer, and many plants，animalsand people will die. plants would die because they would not be able to take the heat .this would cause us to have less food to eat,and it would also limit the food that animals have. with less food for the animals that we need to survive we would even have less food. gradually,people，plants，and animals would all die of hungerpeople are doing many things to try to stop global warming .one thing is carpoolingdriving with someone to a place that you are both going to. another thing is being more careful about leaving electrical devices turned on. now,more people are even riding buses or bikes to lower the amount of greenhouse gases in the air .although adults do many things to help stop global warming,kids call do just as much.46. by the example given in paragraph l, the author wants to_.a. explain how global warming happensb. show his feeling in a car in hot summerc. tell us cars are causes of greenhouse gasesd. say that i there are greenhouse gases in every car47. the underlined wordit” in paragraph 2 refers to_.a. light b. greenhouse effect c. temperature d. heat48. what is the effect of at mosphere?a. it only traps the heat of the sun.b. it does great harm to humans.c. it makes the earth neither to hot nor too cold.d. it prevents all the light from the sun shining on the earth.49. what is the main idea of the third paragraph?a. lf there is greenhouse effectall the plants will dieb. human beings are likely to disappear from the earthc. crops can t take in the heat lf there is greenhouse effectd. although greenhouse effect is necessarytoo much of it will cause us to die.50. what will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?a. what kids can do to help stop global warming.b. who should be responsible for the environmental problems.c. what global warming is doing to the environment.d. why cars and buses pollute the air a lot【参考答案】4650、abcda 阅读理解- (2011安徽卷，e)george prochnik would like the world to_put_a_sock_in_it. he makes his case in a new book, listening for meaning in a world of noise. here he explains himself (using his indoor voice)：“weve become so accustomed to noise, theres almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. if you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. but its never been more important to find continuing quiet. silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”“we need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. during a japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds becomes a kind of artthe spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono (和服)brushing against the floor.”“deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. if two deaf people are walking together, using sign language，they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. they are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. even deaf teenagers! we in the hearing world can learn from them. if we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around usof little soft and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). its astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”我们生活在一个充满噪音的世界里，并且习以为常。但让我们安静下来倾听吧，我们会发现世界是更加美好的，这对我们是有益的。17. what does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in paragraph 1 probably mean?a. to be quiet.b. to be colorful.c. to be full of love.d. to be attentive to someone.答案：a。词义猜测题。由下文内容可知，george prochnik认为人们习惯了周围噪音的存在，但却没有意识到安静的环境对人们是有益的，故画线部分点出了他的观点，即希望世界是安静的。18. what does prochnik say about us?a. we are used to quietnesss.b. we have to put up with noise.c. we do not think silence to be beneficial.d. we do not believe lasting peace to be available.答案：c。细节理解题。由第二段第一句话可知，我们习惯了噪音的存在，因而对安静对人们有益这一说法有很深的偏见，故c项正确。19. which of the following is true according to prochnik?a. we need more sounds in our lives.b. there is nothing to be learned from the deaf.c. we are not aware how rich the world around us is.d. there is too much noise at a japanese tea ceremony.答案：c。细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，聋哑人能专注于周围的环境，这一点是我们有听力的人应该向他们学习的，因此，如果我们能摆脱周围的噪音的话，我们就会意识到周围的世界是多么的丰富多彩。20. it can be inferred from the text that _.a. we can benefit a lot from old peopleb. it is a good idea to use sign languagec. there is no escape from the world of sound d. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound答案：d。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句its astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.可知，当我们能真正聆听大自然的各种声音的时候，我们就会发现周围的世界是美好的。阅读理解-c82012四川卷 plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(预测)in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.increased carbon dioxide(co2)in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“predicting species reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology，” said the researchers of several us. universities. they said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.the study, published on the nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species. it found that some experiments had underestimated(低估) the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“across all species, the experiments underpredicted the speed of the advancefor both leafing and floweringthat results from temperature increases，” the study said.the design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.plants are necessary for life on the earth. they are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis(光合作用)to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. they let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.scientists believe the worlds average temperature has risen by about 0.8 since 1900, and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979.so far, efforts to cut emissions(排放)of planetwarming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the earth heating up beyond 2 this centurya point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.57. what is the key information the author wants to give in paragraph 1?aplants reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems.bthe increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists expectation.cclimate change leads to the change of food production patterns.dfood chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.58. we can learn from the study published on the nature website that _.aplants flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingbthere are 1,634 plant species on the four continentscscientists should improve the design of the experimentsdthe experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change59. scientists pay special attention to the