大学英语2 6和7单元重点及翻译.doc

Unit 6Active reading (1)Difficult sentences 1. I knew I would have to push myself beyond my known limits to ensure that my dream came true. (Para. 1) 为了确保能梦想成真我必须强迫自己超越已知的极限。2. The 800m race had punished me so much over the years in the World, Commonwealth and European Championships and now it stood between me and the Olympic title. (Para. 4) 这些年来，在世锦赛、英联邦锦标赛以及欧洲锦标赛的八百米赛跑中我屡战屡败，饱受挫折。现在，它再次横在我与奥运冠军头衔之间。3. I felt the performer in me move in and take over. (Para. 7) performer 这里指的是作者的运动员身份，take over意思是：接管，占上风 我感觉自己已经进入最佳状态。4. I could hear the roar of the crowd, giving me a boost at exactly the moment I needed it the most just when my legs were burning and I could see the gap opening between me and the Russian. (Para. 9) 这个句式较复杂。giving me 分词短语作状语，表示伴随状况。the moment后面有两个定语从句，I needed it the most 和 just when 我听见观众高声叫喊，在我最需要的时候为我加油助威这时我的腿疼得要命，我看见我和那个俄罗斯运动员之间距离正在拉大。5. As I crossed the line my initial thought was how much harder the race had been than expected, bearing in mind how, only eight weeks before, I had set a new personal best of two minutes 12.2 seconds. (Para.11)Words1. boostv. to help sth to increase, improve, or become more successful 提高，改善，推动，促进n. an action or event that helps sth to increase, improve or become more successful 提高，改善，推动，促进a. A surplus of exports over imports will boost employment. 出口大于进口的顺差将提供就业。b. Last month saw a tremendous boost in sales. 上个月的销售额激增。c. 信息业推进全球经济发展。The information industry helps boost the global economy.d. He attempted a jolly voice to boost his own flagging spirit.于是，他试图用一种快活的声音来为自己低落的精神打气。e. 什么时候都有救星帮你渡过难关。 There is always something to give you a boost.2. strain n. difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension负担e.g. She endured the stresses and strains of life.nervousness resulting from mental stress压力e.g. His responsibilities were a constant strain. The mental strain of staying alert hour after hour was too much for him.His responsibilities were a constant nervous strain v. 1) to exert much effort or energye.g. strain our ears to hear2) test the limits ofe.g. You are straining my patience!3. keep up with to move at the same speed as someone or something 跟上，不落后a. Some people are able to keep up with inflation fairly well. 有一些人能够很好地适应于通货膨胀。b. Thats true, he tries to keep up with the Joneses. 确实如此，他想跟邻居比阔气。4. inner self n. the person you are inside 内在的自我，内心In truth your soul is the most intimate, powerful part of your inner self and is forever changing and growing. 事实上，你的灵魂是你的内在自我中最亲密、最有力的部分，它永远在变化、成长。5. lead up to to happen or exist immediately before something 就在之前发生（或存在） a. Some smart businessmen have caught the business chance to lead up to develop this business zone, negotiate actively and rebuild smoothly and has got original achievements. 一些精明的商家已抓住商机，抢先进入城郊村开发这一商业领域，积极商榷并顺利展开了对部分城郊村的升级改造，且已初见成效。 b. The disease can lead up to a vicious circle of further trouble. 这一疾病会导致更加严重的疾病，从而形成恶性循环。 6. miss outto lose an opportunity to do or have something 错过（机会）“Do not miss out on the benefits of our full warranty. Please complete the warranty registration, and return the card to the dealer.” 请您不要失去享受我方保修服务的机会，在将保修单据填写完毕后，交给经销商。useful expressions1. 夜幕降临悉尼1 darkness descended over Sydney2. 我全神贯注 1 my mind was focused3. 童年的梦想就要实现了2 close to the realization of the childhood dream 4. 强迫自己超越已知的极限 2 push oneself beyond ones known limits 5. 坚持按原计划做 3 stick to the plan 6. 鼓劲加油声，充满希望的呐喊声 5 the shouts of encouragement and the cries of hope7. 我感觉自己和观众融为了一体 5 I felt unified with the crowd 8. 我们有着同样的期盼，同样的梦想 5 We all had the same vision and the same dream9. 使我精神振奋，我感到镇定自若 6 My spirits lifted and I felt composed10. 我会全力以赴，拼尽全力 7 I would do my best and run my heart out 11. 精神和肉体的疲倦开始向我袭来 8 mental and physical fatigue were starting to crush me12. 我看距离正在拉大 9 see the gap opening 13. 创造个人最好成绩 11 set a new personal best 14. 等待确认成绩时 11 wait for confirmation15. 竭力打消脑子里消极的念头11 keep negative thoughts from my mind 16. 如果我再次与之失之交臂怎么办？11 What if I have just missed out？17. 当奥运冠军是什么滋味 12 what it felt like to be the Olympic champion18. 让我铭记一生的那一刻 13 the moment that will stay with me for the rest of my life 19. 我感到全身一阵振颤 13 I felt a tingle through the whole of my body20. 鼓掌呐喊 14 clap and shout with delightActive reading (2)Difficult sentences 1. Now Im colliding with this same cultural barrier. (Para. 2) cultural barrier 指前面一句话中提到的 its hard to get excited about a foreign sport if you didnt grow up with it；collide with 表示“撞车，冲撞”。 现在我正遭遇同样的文化壁垒。2. as the ball sails back and forth and the fans hum some mournful tune reminiscent of The Slaves Chorus from Nabucco. (Para. 5) 纳布科（Nabucco）是由意大利作曲家朱塞佩 威尔第 （Giuseppe Verdi）作曲的4幕歌剧。纳布科于1842年3月9日在米兰史卡拉歌剧院 （Teatro alla Scala）首演。威尔第在纳布科谱写出著名的合唱曲“Va pensiero, sullali dorate” （“飞吧！思想，乘着金色的翅膀！”，也称为“奴隶大合唱”），是这部歌剧最经典的片段，表达了奴隶渴望返回家国的强烈情怀。 球飞来飞去，球迷们在哼着一首悲伤的曲子，让人想起纳布卡的“奴隶合唱团”。3. The shooter, or striker, then takes full credit for this accident, peels off his shirt and sprints around in circles as four or five fellow players jump on his back to try to stop him and get his shirt back on. (Para. 10) 注意体会 take credit for, peel, sprint, stop him 等词汇在此处的幽默效果 射门的人，亦称“前锋”，会因为纯属偶然的进球而独揽所有的赞誉，他会脱掉球衣，绕着圈猛跑，四、五个队友会扑到他的背上阻止他，让他穿上球衣。4. Lets face it, God never meant for most of us to control a ball with the feet while running at top speed.(Para. 12) God meant for sb to do 表示“上天注定要”；be meant for 表示“注定要” 。e.g. The magazine was meant for young girls. 那份杂志是编给年轻女孩看的。 让我们面对事实吧：上帝从未想让我们大多数人在全速跑动时用脚来控制球。5. He allows no backtalk (for this, you get a “red card” and a shower) (Para. 16) Backtalk，美式用法为 backchat 指 “回嘴、顶嘴”。 a shower 在这里是幽默用法，相当于“下课”，”洗了睡”。 他不允许球员提出异议（否则就给他一张“红牌”，让他冲个澡走人）。Words1. put a good/bold face on to behave or make it appear as if things are better than they are 装出不在乎的样子，掩饰 A: She didnt pass the exam. But it looks like that she didnt care.B: No, she just tried to put a good face on it2. take (the) credit for to accept the praise given (for something) 归功 a. He take a large slice of the credit for our success. 他把我们的成功主要归功于他自己。 b. Dont let them get wind of your ideas or they might try to take credit for your hard work. 不要让他们知晓你的想法，不然他们可能会将你努力的成果占为己有。3. at a loss for unable or uncertain what to do, think, or say; confused 迷惑，彷徨e.g. I am at a loss for the precise word (找不到适当的字眼) to express my gratitude.Useful expressions1. 遭到哄堂大笑 1 get a big laugh2. 世界杯足球赛 2 the World Cup soccer tournament 3. 给揭短 2 blow the whistle on 4. 像是碰巧 3 look like an accident5. 一项靠运气取胜的运动4 a game of chance6. 一片混乱的情景 5 a scene of sheer chaos 7. 让人起的曲子5 tune reminiscent of8. 8. 为了粉饰这种现象/说得好听点 6 to put a good face on sth 9. 说明碰运气性质的最佳例证 9 the best illustration of the chance nature10.因为而独揽所有的赞誉 10 takes full credit for sth11. 最优先 (事项) 12 a top/first priority12. 准确的控球12 precision ball-handling13.这让所有的人都迷惑不解。14 This leaves everyone perplexed.14. 职业解说员 15 professional commentators15. 感到语塞 15 be at a loss for words16.BBC 的足球名嘴15 the BBCs voice of soccerUnit 6Translate the sentences into Chinese (Ex.5 Page 81)1. 当夜幕降临悉尼时，雨也开始悄悄地从夜空中飘落。几百盏灯把澳大利亚体育场照得灯火通明，场内的声音震耳欲聋。走向跑道时我看了一眼四周看台上无数的脸，但我的注意力还是很集中。再过几分钟奥运金牌的归属就要见分晓了，它悬挂在远处，很诱人。2. 我知道自己会全力以赴，拼劲全力跑完全程。我感觉自己已进入最佳状态。我只要跑两圈就行了，就两圈。跑完这两圈，过去两天以及28年以来所有情感和身体上的辛苦付出就将被胜利或失败所淹没。这一跑真是生死攸关。3. 我知道，如果一个人不是从小就接触某项外来运动，他就很难对它感兴趣。现在我正遭遇同样的文化壁垒。6月9号世界足球杯比赛就要开始了，而我对球员在“球场”上干些什么却一无所知。看起来这是给这个所谓的精彩赛事揭短的一次大好机会。4. 时不时地会有球员脸上挨了一肘，躺在草地上痛苦翻腾。这时会暂停计时，几个提着黒包的小个子男人会跑过来按摩他那假装、胡说的受伤部位，然后他又活蹦乱跳地站起来。那位肘击他的球员会得到一张叫“黄牌”的东西：一种温和的惩戒。Translate the sentences into English (Ex.5 Page 81)1. He cried his heart out when he heard that he was not in the list of the school team. After all, he had done through months of hard training and grueling competition, and had learned how to shoot with great skill and accuracy.2. The coach, who was known for his strictness, had meant from the very start for all the players to shut out all the distracting thoughts and push themselves beyond their limits to ensure that they win a medal at the 29th Olympic Games held in Beijing.3. Since after he took over the team, the new coach has always borne in mind his mission and finally made it to the championship of the league matches. When interviewed, the coach was at a loss for words because of excitement.4. Football is an amazing sport. Despite the fact that most finals are 0-0, 1-0 or 2-1, people keep flocking to see football games. For me, it remains a mystery what is so attracting about football.Unit 7Active reading (1)Difficult sentences1. A thin layer of ice held blowing leaves and light branches, but was much too tenuous for animal paws. (P4) tenuous 意思为 weak and likely to change (脆弱的) hold 意思为 to continue to support sth. without breaking or being damaged (顶住；支撑住) blowing leaves 指的是 leaves blown down by the wind。 湖面上的一层薄冰能托得住吹落的树叶和细小的树枝，但是还太脆弱，远不能承受动物的爪子。2. As I struggled to trap it with a clothespin, Hogahn was panting warm clouds of air at my feet, lifting and dropping a two-foot oak branch that had fallen into his loving possession. (P5) 这句话中，主语为 Hogahn，谓语为 panting warm clouds of air at my feet，现在分词 lifting and dropping a two-foot oak branch 作状语时，表示原因，解释前面为什么 Hogahn was panting warm clouds of air，定语从句 that had fallen into his loving possession 的主语为 a two-foot oak branch。 当我奋力地用衣服夹子夹床单时，霍根正在我腿边玩得气喘嘘嘘，一段两英尺长的橡树枝成了他的宝贝，被他叼来叼去。3. I had tossed sticks for him before and knew the approximate distance they would go, depending upon their weight and my motion. This stick, however, caught a gust and, flying where the sheet wanted to go, sailed across the yard, over the fence, and, with a fine skaters touch, glided onto the pond. (P7) 注意句中现代分词的用法。depending upon their weight and my motion的主语为I，在句中作原因状语，解释knew the approximate distance they would go的原因。flying where the sheet wanted to go主语为This stick，在句中作状语，表示伴随情况。 我以前也经常这样为他扔木头。根据木头的重量和我动作的大小，我知道它们大概能飞多远。但这块木头赶上了一阵疾风，朝着床单想去的方向飞过了院子，越过了围栏，最后以溜冰高手般的优美动作滑进湖水里。Words1. motion n. 1) a movement that someone or something makes2) a formal proposal that people discuss and then vote on in a meeting or debate a. She made a little fluttering motion with her hands. 她用双手做了一个振翅飞翔的小动作。b.那项动议被撤销了。The motion was withdrawn.2. leap v. a long or high jumpa. Moving to a place where I knew no one was a big leap for me.b. My knowledge of German increased by leaps and bounds when I lived in Germany for a year.3. watch over to guard, protect, or be in charge of sb. or sth. The country worker who came to town lost much of his independence, in spite of the long-established guilds (行会), which had existed from the past to watch over the workers interests. watch over flocks by night watch over everything that might cause trouble The Treasury has staff to keep a continual watch over each departments spending. Useful expressions 1. 货箱 3 the bed of the pickup2. 保护关系 4 protecting relationship 3. 一层薄冰 4 a thin layer of ice 4. 吹落的树叶 4 blowing leaves 5. 细小的树枝 4 light branches6. 晾衣服 5 hang up the laundry 7. 湖边 5 at the edge of the water8. 随风飘起 5 lift oneself with the wind 9. 用衣服夹子夹床单 5 trap the sheet with a clothespin10. 气喘嘘嘘 5 pant warm clouds of air 11. 宝贝 5 loving possession12. 平整伏贴地悬挂在晒衣绳上 6 drape evenly over the line13. 以溜冰高手般的优美动作 7 with a fine skaters touch14. 一个漂亮的飞跃 7 a magnificent leap15. 时间凝固了 8 Time froze 16. 深知 8 be penetratingly aware of 17. 在惊恐中 8 in sbs panic18. 绝对能控制得住自己 9 be definitely in control 19. 用毛巾在某人身上揉9 rub sb. with a towel20. 带有的气味 9 smell ofActive reading (2)Difficult sentences1. Our perceptions of animals are filtered through our own human understanding of the world and we often project human feelings and thoughts onto other creatures. (P2) 我们对动物的认知是经过过滤的，是建立在人类对世界的理解的基础上的。我们常常把人类的情感和思想投射到其他动物身上。2. Scientists used to believe that animals were like machines programmed to react to stimuli. (P2) 过去，科学家认为动物和机器一样，能根据事先编排好的程序对外界的刺激作出反应。3. Animals, he argued, face the same general challenges and have the same basic needs as humans: to find food and a mate, to navigate through the sky, the woods or the sea. (P3) 他认为，动物和人一样面对相同的常规挑战和相同的基本需求：寻找食物和伴侣，在天空、森林和海洋中旅行时不迷失方向。4. Many scientists in the 20th century dismissed such findings as unreliable, usually influenced by anthropomorphism, in other words, judging animals by human attributes. (P7) 许多20 世纪的科学家轻视这些发现，认为它们不可靠，这是受了拟人说的影响，即根据人的特征来判断动物。 5. However, the pendulum is now swinging away from thinking of animals as machines without intelligence, and back towards Darwins ideas. (P7) 但是，现在舆论的天平已经不再向那些认为动物像机器一样没有智慧的观点倾斜了，而是向达尔文的观点倾斜。Words1. filter v. to pass sth. through an object to remove particular things contained in it a. Everything we download from the Internet is automatically filtered through our virus software.我们从因特网上下载的所有东西，杀毒软件都会自动进行过滤。b. At the first meeting we filter out all unsuitable candidates. 我们第一次会面时筛选掉所有不合适的候选人。c. 8月的阳光透过百叶窗照射进来。 The August sunlight filtered in through the blinds.2. project sth onto sb. to imagine an emotion that you feel is also being felt by someone else Money is simply an external form or symbol onto which we project our beliefs about ourselves. 金钱不过是我们内在对自己的信念所投射于外的一种形式或象征而已。 3. swing away from to change from one emotion, condition, idea etc to another The scandal will swing popular support away from him.4. put sth. down to to think sth. is caused or explained by e.g. What are Deng Yapings secrets to success?She put her success down to determination, perseverance, confidence and a take-it- easy attitude.Useful expressions 1. 很有力的说明 1 compelling signs2. 根据事先编排好的程序做什么事情 2 be programmed to do sth.3. 对作出反应 2 react to4. 具备能力做什么事 2 be capable of doing sth.5. 对动物的认知 2 perceptions of animals6. 把投射到身上 2 project sth. onto 7. 具有数字概念 3 have a concept of numbers8. 关键标志 6 key indications 9. 智力 6 mental ability10. 有价值的生存技巧 6 valuable survival skill11. 甚至(认为、做) 7 go so far as to do sth.12. 有一点点智慧 7 have some hint of intelligence13. 对做出判断 7 make judgments about 14. 认为不可靠 7 dismiss sth. as unreliable15. 人的特征 7 human attributes16. 天平从向倾斜 7 the pendulum is now swinging away from to1