新核心大学英语2_Unit_8.ppt

Unit8NaturalDisasters Inthisunityouwill 1 learnthatdisastersoccurinmanyforms andwehumanscantakemeasurestopreventthem 2 familiarizeyourselfwiththewordsandexpressionsrelatedtothethemeoftheunit 3 learntousethesewordsandexpressions 4 learnnewslisteningstrategiesconcerningthelexicalfeaturesofnewsreports 5 practicelisteningwithothernon theme relatedaudioandvideomaterials 6 learntousetheproperexpressionsandsentencestructurestomakecomplaints Learningobjectives PartITheme RelatedActivities PartIIListeningStrategy PartIIIExtensiveListening PartIVCommunicationSkills PartVAssessmentLog PartITheme RelatedActivities SectionILecture SectionIIScienceReport SectionIIIScienceReport 1 Canyounamesomenaturaldisasterswehaveeveryyear 2 Canyougiveanexampleofonememorablenaturaldisasterthathappenedinthepast Lead inquestions Unit8 PartI SectionI Lead inquestions WordBank Unit8 PartI SectionI WordBank Unit8 PartI SectionI WordBank Notes Unit8 PartI SectionI Notes TheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey USGS ItisascientificagencyoftheUnitedStatesgovernment ThescientistsoftheUSGSstudythelandscapeoftheUnitedStates itsnaturalresources andthenaturalhazardsthatthreatenit Theorganizationhasfourmajorsciencedisciplines concerningbiology geography geology andhydrology TheUSGSisafact findingresearchorganizationwithnoregulatoryresponsibility Task1Watchthevideoclipandthendecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse Task Unit8 PartI SectionI Task1 1 A1989volcanoeruptioncausedallfourenginesofanairplanetostall whichisjustoneofmanysevereeruptionsrecordedinhistory 2 Researchersarenowkeepingacloseeyeonover70volcanoesthatcouldpossiblyerupt Nobodyhasseenanythinglikeitin9 000years F F Theyarelookingatabout170thatcouldpotentiallyerupt 3 GoogleMapshelpstheUSGeologicalSurvey svolcanohazardsprogramtodetectallpossibleUSvolcanoeruptions 4 MostvolcanoesarearoundtheRingofFire whichliesalongtheeasterncoastoftheAmerica 5 Thewebsitelaunchedbythevolcanohazardsprogramprovidesbothvolcanoandearthquakeinformation T T Unit8 PartI SectionI Task1 F MostofthevolcanoesarealongthewesterncoastoftheUSandupthroughAlaska Task2Studythevolcano relatedwordsbelowintheleftcolumnbymatchingthemwiththeirdefinitionsintherightcolumn Someofthemareusedinthevideoclip Watchthevideoclipasecondtimeandthenputdownthewordsyouhaveheard Task Unit8 PartI SectionI Task2 1 crater2 RingofFire3 mantle4 seismic5 crust a thepartoftheEarththatsurroundsthecentralcoreb theoutermostlayerofrockofwhichaplanetconsistsc theroundholeatthetopofavolcanod relatingtoorcausedbyanearthquakee abeltofseismicandvolcanicactivityroughlysurroundingthePacificOcean Unit8 PartI SectionI Task2 6 Lava7 plate8 magma9 eruption10 plume11 molten12 dormant f burstingandexplosionofavolcanog atall thinmassofsmoke dustorsimilarsubstance thatrisesupintotheairh notactiveorgrowing buthavingtheabilitytobeactiveatalatertimei hotliquidrockwhichcomesoutoftheEarththroughavolcanoj eachoftheseveralrigidpiecesoftheearth slithospherethattogethermakeuptheearth ssurfacek aliquidstateofmetalorrockcausedbyextremeheatl hotliquidrockfoundjustbelowthesurfaceoftheEarth I veheard RingofFire seismic lava eruption plume Task3Watchthevideoclipagainandthenhaveagroupdiscussionbasedonthefollowingquestions Afterthediscussion eachgroupwillgiveabriefreporttotheclass Task Unit8 PartI SectionI Task3 1 Doyouknowanydisasterscausedbyvolcanoesinhumanhistory 2 Livingnexttoavolcanocanbedangerous Supposeyouwereagovernmentofficial howwouldyouplantoevacuatepeoplequicklyandsafely e g Mt VesuviuseruptioninItalyintheyear79AD thecityofPompeii open Unit8 PartI SectionI Task3 3 Around500millionpeopleintheworldlivenearvolcanoes Arethereanybenefitstolivingnearvolcanoes Canscientistsforecastvolcaniceruptions Volcanoescanbebeneficial notonlyinimprovingagricultureorasanenergysourcelikefertilesoils geothermalenergy butalsoeconomicallyinbusinessopportunitiesandrecreationandtourismlikemineralresources industrialproducts spasandresorts Unit8 PartI SectionI Task3 Script 4 Volcanoeruptionaffectsplacestentothousandsofmilesfromaneruptionsitebecauseoftheejectionofvolcanicrockfragments gases andaerosols 悬浮微粒 intotheatmosphere WhatimpactdidtheeruptionoftheEyjafjallajokullvolcanoinIcelandApril 2010haveonpeople ItcausedgreatchaosoverEuropeanairspace resultinginthecancelationofhundredsofEuropeanflights Theeruptionalsocausedpartsofamassiveglaciertomelt leadingtosevereflooding Script Unit8 PartI SectionI Script WordBank Unit8 PartI SectionII WordBank Unit8 PartI SectionII WordBank Notes Unit8 PartI SectionII Notes 1 WhyhasJapanbeenhitbymanytsunamisinhistory A Becauseitisalwayshardhitbyearthquakes B Becauseithasalongcoastline C Becauseitisrelativelylow lyingingeographiclocation D Becauseitissituatedontheedgesoffourtectonicplates Task1Watchthevideoclipandchoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestions Task Unit8 PartI SectionII Task1 2 Howdestructivearetsunamisaccordingtothepassage A Theycanswallowupaten storybuilding B Theycansendoutanenormousburstofenergyupthroughtheocean C Theycancreateathunderousroarintheair D Theycandestroyaharbor 3 Whathappenswhenatsunamirecedes A Itslowsdown B Itcrestsandbreaks C Itcausesmoredamage D Itreturnswithmultiplewaves Unit8 PartI SectionII Task1 4 Howmanypeoplediedasaresultofthe2004tsunamiintheIndiaOcean A Near500 000 B Morethan200 000 C Over5000 D Closeto20 000 5 WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutthePacificTsunamiWarningCenter A Itgivesadvicetopeopleonhowtodealwithtsunamiruins B Itisanorganizationforscientiststomonitorglobalquakes C Itison call24hoursaday D Itpreventsanytsunamitragedyhappeningaroundtheworld Unit8 PartI SectionII Task1 1 Whatismainlydiscussedinthevideoclip 2 Whathappenswhentwotectonicplatespushtogether 3 Howisatsunamidifferentfromordinarywaves 4 Whathappenswhenthefirsttsunamistrikeisover Task2Watchthevideoasecondtimeandthengiveashortanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions Task Howtsunamisoccurandtheirdestructivepower Itreachesinlandwithoutbreaking Unit8 PartI SectionII Task2 Anearthquakeoccurs displacingenormousquantitiesofwater Multiplewaveswillarrive Task3Lookatthetwopicturesandmakeatwo minutecommentonthetopicoftsunamidisaster Preparetoansweroneortwoquestionsraisedbytheclassoryourteacherafteryourpresentation Task Unit8 PartI SectionII Task3 Questions 1 Whatisatsunami Tsunamisaregiantseawaves Theycanbecaused 1 byanearthquakethatoccursundertheocean 2 byanunderwaterlandslide or 3 whenavolcanoeruptsunderwater Unliketheregularwavesyoumightseeatthebeachorduringanormalstorm tsunamisdon tformonthesurfaceofthewater Theybuildenergyastheymovewaterwithintheocean sometimesasmuchasseveralmilesdeep Unit8 PartI SectionII Task3 2 Whatcanyouseefromthepicture 3 Howdoyouknowthatatsunamiiscoming 4 Whatisthemostrecentearthquake relatedtsunamiyouhaveheardof Hugewaves crowdsofpeople carsnearby Onesignofatsunamiiswhenthewaterlevelalongcoastlineschanges eitherbyrisingorfalling rapidly Incountriesthatdon thavewarningsystemsfortsunamis thefirstthingpeoplemightseeisstrongerwavesliketheonesinanordinarystorm Thesearefollowedquicklybythebigtsunamiwaves Open Unit8 PartI SectionII Task3 5 Doyouknowanycountriesorareasthatareverylikelytobehitbytsunamis 6 Ifyouhappentobeinatsunami hitarea whatcanyoudotokeepyourselfandotherssafe Japan Indonesia thePhilippines Chiliand intheUnitedStates Alaska Hawaii andthecoastsofWashington OregonandCaliforniaaremostatrisk Gotoahigherground avoidgoingtobeachesandkeepalerttothelocalradioorTVnews Whennaturaldisasterslikeearthquakes tsunamis floods andhurricanesoccur peoplemightfeelveryhelpless Butthereareincreasinglymoretechnologicaladvancesthatcanhelpus Unit8 PartI SectionII Task3 Script Wecansetupcomprehensivepreventionsystemstopredictupcomingdisasterssoastoreducedamagetoaminimum Secondly peopleindangerzonescanlearnwhatrisksthereareandhowtoescapepossibledangers What smore weneedtobeequippedwithrelevantknowledgeaboutnature suchasthecausesofthedisasters Themoreweknowaboutit themorepreventivemeasurescanbetaken Script Unit8 PartI SectionII Script WordBank Unit8 PartI SectionIII WordBank Unit8 PartI SectionIII WordBank 1 Avalanchescanbe withtheirterrifyingspeed A accidentalB unstableC fatalD frequent2 Snowslopesof30to45degreesareconsidered A toogeneralbyskiersB dangerzonesforavalanchesC notsteepenoughtocauseavalanchesD perfectfoundationsforbuildinglayersofsnow Task1Watchthevideoclipandchoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestions Task Unit8 PartI SectionIII Task1 3 90percentofvictimsdiebecause A ofcanonexplosivesB oftheweatherC theyaccidentallytriggeranavalancheD oftheunstablesurfaceofsnowslopes4 WhichofthefollowingwillNOTtriggeranavalanche A Yellingandshouting B Strongwinds C Heavysnowfall D Asuddenchangeoftemperature 5 Whatshouldwedotoavoidbeingavalanchevictims A Donotusesnowmobileswhenontheslopes B Fireexplosivestosavepeopletrappedinavalanches C Increasethenumberofskipatrols D Watchoutforwarningsigns andlearnhowtoreact Unit8 PartI SectionIII Task1 Task2Watchthevideoclipagainandthencompletethefollowingdialogue Task Unit8 PartI SectionIII Task2 1 Withterrifyingspeed anavalanchecanrumbledownthemountainslopeburyingunderalethalblanketofsnow 2 Butwhenlayersformweakbounds anynewsnowfallsonandwaitsfortherighttrigger 3 90percentofavalanchevictimsdiebecausetheyorsomeonewiththem 4 Inmostcases it sofaskierorsnowmobilerthatmakesthesurfaceunstable everythinginitspath anunstablefoundation accidentallytriggeranavalanche thesuddenweight Unit8 PartI SectionIII Task2 5 Sopayattentiontotheweather lookfor learnwhattodobecauseeverythingcanchangeinjustafewseconds warningsigns Script inanemergency Script Unit8 PartI SectionIII Script PartIIListeningStrategy SectionINews LexicalFeatures 2 News LexicalFeatures 2 Unit8 PartII SectionI Besidesthesimpleandshortwordsusedmetaphoricallyoridiomaticallyinnewsreports somespecialtechnicaltermsorwordswithspecialmeaningscouldalsogetinthewayofcomprehendinganewscast Innewsreports jargon 专业术语 isoftenusedtodiscussaparticularprofessionorgroupthatisdifficultforlistenerswithnopriorknowledgeaboutittounderstand e g Wordsinpoliticalreports deadlock diplomaticimmunity multilateralnegotiation reachconsensus vetopower Unit8 PartII SectionI Wordsinmilitaryreports biochemicalweapon nuclearweapon massdestructionweapon ceasefire anti terrorism car bombingWordsineconomicsreports fiscal financialcrisis annualrate recession pick up plummet GrossDomesticProduct taxreductionandexemption Innewsreports thefullnamesofsomefrequently usedabbreviationsmaybespokenonlyonceormaynotbegiven e g WTOWorldTradeOrganizationWHOWorldHealthOrganization Unit8 PartII SectionI UNESCOIOCAPECASEANG 7OPEC Innewsreports thenamesofthecapitals famousbuildingsorpresidentsareusedtoreplacethecountryoritsadministrationinordertopresenttheeventsinalivelyandvividway UnitedNationsEducational Scientific andCulturalOrganizationInternationalOlympicCommitteeAsianPacificEconomicCooperation forum AssociationofSouthEastAsianNationsGroupofSevenOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries Unit8 PartII SectionI e g 1 TheWhiteHouseisexaminingarangeofoptionstospuramergerbetweenGeneralMotorsandChrysler agovernmentofficialsaid 2 TheFrancophoneSummitofferedSarkozy sgovernmentanopportunitytoprotectFrenchasaninternationallanguage astatusitissteadilylosingtoEnglish ListeningSkills RuleofThumb1Buildupyourknowledgeofthecommonlyusedvocabularyfoundinnewsreportsandkeepacategorizedlistofthenewwordsyoulearn Unit8 PartII SectionI RuleofThumb2Practicethecorrectpronunciationofsomefrequentlyusedwords Focusonwordsthatmayseemsimilarorconfusingtoyou RuleofThumb3Familiarizeyourselfwithimportantnamesofpeopleandplaces Somepropernameslike FijimilitarycommanderCommodoreFrankBainimarama maynotbeimportanttorememberasawhole butyoushouldremembermilitarycommander RuleofThumb4Giveyourselftimetogetfamiliarwithreportersandtheiraccents Unit8 PartII SectionI RuleofThumb5Keepup to datewithwhat sgoingonathomeandabroad Forpractice youcanwatchthenewsinChinesefirstforthemainnewsitems whichcanhelpprepareyouforunderstandingnewsreportsinEnglish WordBank Unit8 PartII SectionI Task1 Unit8 PartII SectionI Task1 Unit8 PartII SectionI Task1 USFederalReserveChairmanBenBernankeonFridaydefendedtheFed srecentactiontobuymore1 andcalledonCongresstoapprovemorefiscalstimulustostrengthentheeconomy Withoutmorestimulus highunemploymentcould2 hesaid TheFedonNovember3rdannounceda 600billionplantopurchasegovernmentbonds thesocalled3 whicharousedcriticismbothinternationallyand4 Task1Listentothefollowingnewsandthenfillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouheard Task Unit8 PartII SectionI Task1 governmentbonds persistforyears secondroundofquantitativeeasing QE2 domestically Unit8 PartII SectionI Task1 BernankearguedthattheFeditselfcannotfixalloftheeconomy sproblems aimingtolowerpublicexpectations Therearelimitstowhatcanbeachievedbythecentralbankalone hesaid 5 thatcombinesnear termmeasurestoenhancegrowthwithstrongconfidence inducingstepstoreducelonger termstructural budget 6 wouldbeanimportantcomplementtothepoliciesoftheFederalReserve BernankesaidthattheFed sTreasurybondpurchasesareneededtopromotefasterjobcreationandreducetheriskthat7 couldturnintodeflation verylowinflation Afiscalprogram deficits Unit8 PartII SectionI Task1 Deflationisaprolongedanddestabilizingdropinpricesofgoodsandservices wagesand8 likestocksorhomes AccordingtothelatestdatareleasedbytheUSLaborDepartment theUS9 whichexcludedvolatileenergyandfoodpricesinOctoberincreasedonly0 6percentonayear on yearbasis Theunemploymentrate currentlyat9 6percent wasnotexpectedto10 soon thevaluesofassets coreconsumerprices fallsignificantly WordBank Unit8 PartII SectionI Task2 Task2Listentothefollowingnewsandthengiveashortanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions Task Unit8 PartII SectionI Task2 1 Whatisthisnewsreportabout APalestiniansuicidebombinginIsraelwhereapproximately30peoplewerewounded 2 Howdidthebombercarryouttheterrorattack Heblewhimselfupoutsideacaf 3 WhydidIsraelipolicesaythattheyhadbeenonalertforanewwaveofPalestinianattacks BecauseofthestartoftheUS ledmilitaryoffensiveagainstIraq Unit8 PartII SectionI Task3 Task3Readthefollowingpassageaftertheclip Payparticularattentiontopronunciationandintonation Task BernankesaidthattheFed sTreasurybondpurchases areneededtopromotefasterjobcreation andreducetheriskthatverylowinflationcouldturnintodeflation Deflationisaprolongedanddestabilizingdropinpricesofgoodsandservices wagesandthevaluesofassetslikestocksorhomes AccordingtothelatestdatareleasedbytheUSLaborDepartment theUScoreconsumerpriceswhichexcludedvolatileenergyandfoodpricesinOctober increasedonly0 6percentonayear on yearbasis Theunemploymentrate currentlyat9 6percent wasnotexpectedtofallsignificantlysoon Script Script Unit8 PartII SectionI Task3 PartIIIExtensiveListening INewsReports IIFeatureReport IIILecture IVConversations VPassageListening VICompoundDictation WordBank Unit8 PartIII INewsReports I 1 Whatisthenewsmainlyabout A Aclimateconference B Coastalpopulations C Theimpactofanicesheetbreaking D Risingsealevels 2 Attheendofthecentury theoceanlevelcouldriseby A 1meterormoreB 59centimetersC 2metersD 69centimeters Listentothereportandthendothefollowingexercise Unit8 PartIII INewsReports I 3 Futureriseinsealevelcouldhavehugeimpacton A icesheetsB coastalcommunitiesC climatescientistsD areaslikeGreenlandandAntarctica Unit8 PartIII INewsReports I Script Script Unit8 PartIII INewsReports I WordBank Unit8 PartIII INewsReports II 1 Whatisthefirstpieceofnewsabout A Amandiedofaheartattackinthestreet B Amaninanunstableconditioninthehospital C Amanwhowasattackedoutsideacitypub D Fourwitnesseswhohavecomeforwardtotestifyaboutacrime 2 Thegovernment sbanonsmokingwillnotinclude A pubsB localvillageeateriesC fancyrestaurantsD fastfoodrestaurants Listentothereportandthendothefollowingexercise Unit8 PartIII INewsReports II 3 Whatisthegoodnewsreported A Floodproblemshavebeenresolved B Asponsoredwalktohelplocalseniorresidents C Asalesbargainistobegintomorrow D Theweatherwillimproveovertheweekend Unit8 PartIII INewsReports II Script Script Unit8 PartIII INewsReports II WordBank Unit8 PartIII INewsReports III Listentothenewsreportandthenanswerthequestionsorallyafterwards Comparewhatyouhavesaidwiththereferenceanswersprovided 1 Whatcausedtheflooding 2 Whatisthe 42billionbillfor HeavyrainsthatmadetheWisconsinRiverrise Forjobs taxcutsandloanstosmallbusinesses Unit8 PartIII INewsReports III 3 Howcansmallbusinessesgetthroughaneconomiccrisis Smallbusinessesshouldfindwaystodealwiththecrisisthemselves Theyneedtoimprovethequalityandserviceoftheirproductstobettermeetcustomers needs indoingso theycanstillmaintaintheircompetitivenessandmarketshare Butifthegovernmentcantightenmacrocontrolofthemarketandmakeloanstobailthemout itwillbeeasierforthemtosurvivethecrisis Unit8 PartIII INewsReports III Script Script Unit8 PartIII INewsReports III WordBank Unit8 PartIII IIFeatureReport Unit8 PartIII IIFeatureReport Notes HurricaneKatrinaThecatastrophic2005hurricanethatdevastatedNewOrleansandtheMississippiGulfCoast Itwasthecostliestnaturaldisaster aswellasoneofthefivedeadliesthurricanes inthehistoryoftheUnitedStates AmongrecordedAtlantichurricanes itwasthesixthstrongestoverall Atleast1 836peoplelosttheirlivesintheactualhurricaneandinthesubsequentfloods makingitthedeadliestUShurricanesincethe1928Okeechobeehurricane totalpropertydamagewasestimatedat 81billion 2005USD nearlytriplethedamagewroughtbyHurricaneAndrewin1992 Unit8 PartIII IIFeatureReport Notes Watchthevideoclipandthendothefollowingexercise 1 WhatdidthereporterBobWoodruffdothreedaysbeforeKatrina sanniversary A Hesearchedforamanwhohelpedinthedisaster B Hereturnedtotheheartofthecity C Hefoundpeoplewhoweretrappedinthewater D Heracedwiththefloodwatersandhadanarrowescape Unit8 PartIII IIFeatureReport 2 AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutHarryPryorandMichaelKnightEXCEPT A theycutopenaroofandsavedtheirneighborsB theyusedaboattolookforstrandedneighborsC theysavedover400oftheirneighborsD theywereprofessionalrescueworkers3 Knightandhisfriends A hadtofindawaytosavethemselvesB almostgotstuckintherooftopC livedonfooddroppedbyhelicoptersD hadnothingtoeatuntilthewaterreceded Unit8 PartIII IIFea