高考英语一轮复习 高中语法8大重点语法项目速通 2.情态动词课件.ppt

语法难点突破之二 情态动词 modalverbs jack ihavegoodnewsforyou rose what jack theeducationaldepartmenthascarriedoutrulestoreducestudents toomuchstudyload rose really ifso idon thavetostayuplatetodosomuchhomeworkandmymommayallowmetoplaycomputergames jack thebestthingithinkisthaticanhavemoresparetimetotakeexerciseafterclass rose sure bytheway whoisyourfavoritesportsstar jack liuxiang ishouldsay rose tellmesomethingabouthim jack well maybeicanshowyousomephotos 一 weusemodalverbstotalkabout 1 ability 能力 2 obligation 义务 3 certainty 可能性 4 permission 允许 二 wealsousemodalverbsto 5 makerequests 提出请求 6 makesuggestions 提出建议 7 makeoffers 提供帮助 8 giveadvice 提出意见 1 ability 能力 liuxiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds can could 1 can一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性 还可以表示请求和允许 learningenglish bedifficult can mancannotlivewithoutair iuseyourbike can can could 2 在疑问句中 用could可表示请求 语气较委婉 ihavethetelevisionon yes you no you could heasksifhe smokehere could can may can t i mafraidnot can could 3 表示惊异 怀疑 不相信的态度 主要用在否定句 疑问句或惊叹句中 he ssuchanicepersonthathe committhecrime can t 你怎么会如此地粗心 howcanyoubesocareless canthisbetrue can could 4 cannever can t too表示 无论怎样 也不过分 越 越好 你过马路的时候再小心也不为过 youcan tbetoocarefulwhilecrossingtheroad attention can beableto区别 edisonalwayswonderedwhyhenscouldhatch 孵 chickenswhilehewasnotableto question arethetwomodalverbsinterchangeable 互换 ifnot why can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能 而beableto更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力 或者在某个客观的场合和背景下 能做到的事情 attention can beableto区别 abigfirebrokeoutinabchotelyesterday luckily everyone runoutofthebuilding wasableto 2 she speakbothenglishandfrench can i msotired ihavetodothetrainingforatleast10hoursaday 2 obligation 义务 yethemustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal althoughliuxiangissogiftedinhurdlerace attention advisability necessity oughtto should haveto must yourmotherbringsyouupandtakesgoodcareofyou sowhensheisold you lookafterherinreturn a canb mayc havetod must shidongpengmightwinamedalattheolympicgames althoughthechanceofwinningamedalissmall i lltrymybest 3 certainty 可能性 attention veryuncertain almostcertain might should must may could oughtto will 1 he beathome 2 he beathome forhejustcalledmefromhishome15secondsago a mayb mightc must a mayb mightc must can must表示肯定的猜测 译为 一定 不能用于否定句或疑问句 thismustbeyourpen hemustbedoinghishomeworknow hemusthavearrivedalready must must 2 表示 坚持 常用于固定句型 ifyoumustdosth 如果你非得要做某事 如果你真的要走 那就悄悄离开 ifyoumustleave doitquietly attention they bedoingtheexperimentinthelab why becausethelightsarestillburning a couldb canc mustd would 4 permission 允许 mayieatkfcifiwinthegoldmedal may might 1 表示许可 表示请求 允许时 might比may的语气更委婉一些 might mayiuseyourcomputer yes youcan no youcan t mustn t may might 2 用于祈使句中表示祝愿 3 表示推测 可能 只用于肯定句 疑问句则要用can或could 祝你成功 mayyousucceed hemaybeverybusynow mayyoubehappyallyourlife 5 makingrequests 提出要求 canyouhelpmewithmytraining idon tknowhowtousethisequipment willcancouldwould informal formal 6 makingsuggestions 提出建议 shallwedothetraininginthemorning it stoohottotakeexerciseintheafternoon shall 1 shall用于第一 第三人称疑问句中 表示说话人征求对方的意见 向对方请示或提供帮助 1 shallwebeginourlesson 2 whenshallhebeallowedtoleavehospital 3 shallicarrythisbagforyou shall 2 shall用于第二 第三人称 表示说话人给对方命令 警告 允诺或威胁 youshallfailifyoudon tworkharder heshallbepunishedaccordingtotherule 等我读完这本书 就会给他的 heshallhavethebookwhenifinishit 警告 威胁 允诺 7 makingoffers 提供帮助 don tworry dear iwillwashthemrightaway mom mydirtyclotheshavebeenpiledup idon thavetime will would 1 表示请求 建议等 would比will委婉客气 sentencepattern wouldyouplease wouldyoumind wouldrather wouldyoulike will would 2 表示意志 愿望和决心 iwillneverdothatagain will would 3 可表示经常性 习惯性 倾向性 翻译为 经常 惯于 总是 1 theoldman haveasmokeunderabigtreeeveryafternoonafterhefinishedhisfarmwork would 2 门就是打不开 thedoorwon topen will would attention iwillgototheparkwithyoutomorrowifyouwilloffermelunch question isthissentencecorrect why 情态动词 表示 意愿 8 givingadvice 提出意见 youshouldnot oughtnottoeatsomuchbeforerunning howdelicious should 1 should表示劝告 建议 命令 其同义词是oughtto 在疑问句中 通常用should代替ought to shouldiopenthewindow 我们应当要相互学习 weshouldlearnfromeachother should 2 情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊 客气 委婉的语气 rose sure bytheway whoisyouridol jack liuxiang ishouldsay ishouldadviseyounottodothatagain 3 should表示意外或惊讶常译为 居然 竟然 ican tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼 should 4 should表示猜测时 一般指按经验或逻辑判断 翻译成 照说应该 估计 想必 should whencanicomeforthephotos ineedthemtomorrowafternoon they bereadyby12 00 a canb shouldc mightd need tobecontinued 三 情态动词 havedone 的用法 1 musthavedone对过去某事的十分肯定猜测 2 may mighthavedone对过去某事的可能性猜测 3 can t couldn thavedone对过去某事的否定猜测 4 should oughttohavedone过去应该做而未做 5 shouldn t oughtn ttohavedone过去不应该做而实际上做了 6 needn thavedone本没有必要做的事实际却做了 7 couldhavedone本来能够做的 有能力做 事实际却未做到 let shaveatry practice withsomuchworkonhand you toseethegamelastnight a mustn tgob couldhavegonec shouldn tgod shouldn thavegone 2 therewasplentyoftime she a mustn thavehurriedb couldn thavehurriedc mustnothurryd needn thavehurried practice 3 isawmaryinthelibraryyesterday you her sheisstillabroad a mustn tseeb can thaveseenc mustn thaveseend couldn tsee 4 auntmary thetrain otherwiseshewouldhavearrivedherebynow a musthavemissedb shouldhavemissedc hadmissedd mightmiss 四 可兼做行为动词的情态动词 need dare 情态动词 动词原形 行为动词 need dare 1 无人称和数的变化 2 尤其用于 否定句及疑问句中 在if whether之后 或与hardly never noone nobody连用 3 常以needn t和daren t的形式出现 4 dare有其过去时dared 多用于肯定句 sb needtododaretodo sth needtobedone sth needdoing hedaren tspeakenglishbeforesuchacrowd darehe 判断正误 hedaren ttospeakenglishbeforesuchacrowd didhe thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully thesedishesneedclea