【助力】高考英语 任务型阅读专项特训（4）.doc

【助力2014】高考英语任务型阅读专项特训（4）任务型阅读1请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 the rate of population growth is fastest in underdeveloped countries. in these countries a high birthrate is accompanied by a lowered death rate thanks to improved standards of public health. ideally it should be possible to counter(相反地) balance the effect of a reduced death rate by an increased use of family planning. in practice, however, population control is a complex matter. throughout history people have determined the size of their families according to the cultural values of their societies.population control has long been a subject of discussion among researchers. some have argued that the supply of good land is limited. in order to feed a large population, bad land must be cultivated and the good land overworked. as a result, each person produces less in a given amount of time and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. other researchers have argued that a large population gives more range for the development of facilities such as sports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand for them. similarly, it can be argued that the public costs of society will not be so heavy to each individual if they are shared among the members of a large population.one of the difficulties in putting birth control into practice lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country. in underdeveloped countries where a large population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate. in a well developed society the problem may be more complex. a declining birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a decreasing market. cities with a declining population may have to face the prospect of a decreasing tax base and a fall in land values. if there are fewer children going to school, teachers may be thrown out of work. when the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one that is stable or in decline.title population controlthemepopulation control causes (1) among researchers and countries.amongresearchersreasons for population control it can (2) the effect of a reduced death rate. good land is limited and (3) each person produces less in a given amount of time. a large population leads to a reduction in (4) income.reasons against population control a large population helps the development of facilities. each person (5) less of the public costs of society.amongcountriesfor underdeveloped countries, population control can bring less (6) on supplies and resources.for developed countries, population control can slow down economic (7). lead to a (8) in tax and land values. make many people (9). weaken the building industry.(10)consider countries and cultural values when introducing birth control techniques.1. disagreement / argument 2. balance 3. overworked 4. average 5. shares / bears 6. pressure 7. growth / development 8. decrease / fall 9. unemployed 10. suggestion / advice 任务型阅读2 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 preschools are usually regarded as a fun learning experience where children can pick up their basic learning skills, which help them to be better, prepared for the legal education ahead. a preschool is also known as kindergarten or nursery school, which provides basic learning skills for children between the ages of two to five. preschools focus on getting the children to communicate better with other children as well as adults around them. preschool-education also focuses on encouraging childrens creativity and encouraging them to express their thoughts and ideas through speaking and drawing as well. preschools also usually include simple exercises and outdoor games to make sure of the physical fitness of the children. preschools also help develop childrens basic mathematical skills. in a word, the goals of preschool-education can be summarized (总结) as one point to develop a childs overall growth. to make the education both creative and fun, preschools can organize many preschool games and activities. for example, educational visits to the zoo or other places are an excellent way for children to learn about different types of animals and other extracurricular (课外的) knowledge. making children exposed to educational computer games in proper levels can be a great way to improve the childrens hand-eye coordination （协调） and introduce the children to the technology. whats more, drawing can also help in developing the childrens aesthetic (审美) sense, and it is also a creative way of expression for the preschoolers.kids would love music and you can sing a few well-known songs in class. teach particular actions like a few claps or shouts with the song. these body actions will help them to develop their powers of observation and memory skills. besides this, there are several other outdoor and indoor games for preschoolers. the important rule to remember while designing a preschool activity is to keep a good balance between educational importance or learning value and entertainment. preschoolers need activities that make the process of learning interesting.title: preschools(1)_kindergarden or nursery school is where children between the age of two to five can pick up their basic learning skills before their legal education.(2) to make children communicate better with other children and adults around them.to encourage childrens creativity.to encourage children to (3) their thoughts and ideas by speaking and drawing.to (4) childrens physical fitness.to develop childrens basic mathematical skills. (5) (6) visitsmaking children learn extracurricular knowledge.making children (7) computer games in proper levelsimproving childrens hand-eye coordination and introducing children to the technology.drawingdeveloping the childrens aesthetic (8) .singing from songs with particular actionsdeveloping childrens powers of observation and memory skills.(9) keeping a good (10) between educational importance and entertainment.1. definition 2. goals /aims 3. express/voice 4. improve 5. games 6. educational 7. play 8.sense 9. rule 10. balance任务型阅3请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the internet and other things throughout the day?people often lose their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks, says peter bregman. they sometimes have a feeling to escape from whats difficult or boring, so they jump out, he says. the part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brains emotional center. any strong emotion-quarrels with colleagues, problems at home-can interrupt our attention. studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction.refocusing is hard for many people. robert epstein suggests the following, stop and listen to music for a few minutes. go for a short walk or take a deep breath, where you breathe in deeply, count to five slowly, hold it and breathe out very slowly. this can blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus.take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors. setting the phone alarm to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness, mr. bregman says, you have to inform yourself that youve lost focus in order to do something about it. starting the day with a to-do list is important, such as when to eat, when to go to the gym or take a walk. but if its overly ambitious, you will put yourself in a state of anxiety, which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate. choosing three or four things as your priority (优先) for the day allows your brain to settle down and focus, he says.topichow to become more (1) _ on the work?(2)_ of gettingdistractedpeople tend to get away from things that theyre (3) _ up with.strong (4) _ affect the brain s part for attention.people get distracted easily if (5) _ multitasks at a time.(6) _ of strong emotionshaving a (7) _ with a colleague.meeting with problems at hometips on holding attentionstop working to restore your focus by (8) _ your breath and trydifferent relaxing things.(9) _ your time effectively and create awareness of your be- haviors.make a to-do list at the beginning of a working day.focus on 3 or 4 things and get them done (10) _ for the day.1. focused/concentrated 2. causes 3. fed 4. emotions/feelings 5. given/offered/assigned 6. examples/cases/situations 7. quarrel8. regulating/adjusting 9. plan/schedule/arrange/structure 10. first任务型阅读4请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。customer service refers to the way that companies behave towards their customersits the quality of service that determines whether the customer remains with the company however, many a time organizations dont focus on customer relationship management, and thats what makes customers angry, which is one of the reasons why companies lose their customersso customer service is vital and you should know how to improve itfirst of all, you need to realize how important the customers areits they who are the boss, and its because of them that you get your pay checksso do take your customers seriouslyfinding out the needs of the customers is another important customer service tipyou need to ask the customers the right kind of questions and think of the possible solutions which you can provideunderstand how they feel according to a particular situation, their body language, tone of voice and words they speaknever make assumptions and think that you know what the customer wantsmaking customers feel they are important is an excellent way to serve them bettertreat customers as individuals and the best way to do that is using their first name and finding ways of praising them in a sincere wayin addition, there are some other skills which will help you in serving your customers betterfor example, once you finish solving the problem for the customer, before, ending the call, always remember to ask if there is anything else you can do for them end the call with a thank youif customers are angry, let them express their anger completelynever interrupt or start speaking until theyve finishedonce theyve finished speaking, try to calm them down by apologizingin a word, always remember that if the customers remain happy, youll be in businesstitlehow to (1) _ customer servicethe meaning of customer servicethe way companies behave towards their customersthe (2)_ of customer servicethe quality of service determines whether companies can (3) _ their customersfor example, bad service can result in （4) _ customerstipstake your customers seriously because they are your boss and the source of your incomerecognize the needs of the customersask the customers the right kind of questions and offer (5) _ to their problemsunderstand customers （6)_ from a particular situation, their body language, tone of voice and wordsnever （7)_ that you know the customers needsmake customers feel they are important and treat them as individuals by using their first name and praising them (8)_.other small skills:always ask if you can do anything else for the customer before ending the call and end the call with a thank youdont (9)_ the customer when he is speaking angrilycalm the customer down by making an (10)_ after he finishes speaking1. improve 2. importance/significance 3. keep 4. losing 5. solutions 6. feelings 7. assume 8. sincerely 9. interrupt 10. apology任务型阅读5请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。shared habits of happy peoplehappy people all share happy habits. its as simple as that. the happiest people i know share these obvious habits. if youre looking to expand your general happiness, you may consider adopting these in your own life.people may take an active role in their local city council, join a social club supporting causes they believe in, or find passion in their careers. in each case, the physiological outcome is the same. they engage in something they strongly believe in. this engagement brings happiness and meaning into their lives.a happy life is a life shared with friends and family. the stronger the personal relationships are and the higher the frequency of interaction is, the happier a person will be.quite often people concentrate too much on negative outcomes and leave no time to reflect positively on their successes. its natural for a person to want to correct undesirable circumstances and focus closely on doing so, but it is important to reflect mindfully on the good while striving diligently to correct the bad. a continuous general awareness of your daily successes can have a noticeably positive effect on your overall emotional happiness.the power of endings is quite remarkable. the end of any experience has a great impact on a persons overall perception(看法) of the experience as a whole. think about reading a well-written novel. now imagine the ending is really poor. even if the story was appealing until the ending, would you still be happy recommending the novel to a friend? people always remember the ending. if the ending is happy, the experience creates happiness. always tie loose ends, leave things on a good note, and create happy endings in your life whenever possible.everyone possesses unique personal strengths. we all have different talents and skill sets. emotional happiness comes naturally to those who use their strengths to get things done. the state of completion always creates a sense of achievement. if the achievement is based on your own personal ability to get the job done, the physiological rewards are priceless.the best things in life are free. they come in the form of simple pleasures and they appear right in front of you at previous locations and arbitrary times. they are governed by mother nature and situational circumstances and captured by mindful awareness. its all about taking a moment to notice the orange and pink sunset reflecting off the pond water as you hold hands with someone you love. noticing these moments and taking part in them regularly will bring unplanned bursts of happiness into your life.shared habitsexplanationsbe a part of something you believe inif people are engaged in what they strongly believe in, it brings happiness and (1)_ into their lives.(2)_ time with friends and familyif the personal relationships are stronger and the interaction is more 3)_, a person will be happier.(4)_ on the goodif people often concentrate their attention on (5)_ outcomes, it will result in their overall emotional happiness.create happy endings whenever (76)_if the endings is happy, the (7)_ will bring happiness to you.use personal strengths to get things doneit is (8)_ that emotional happiness comes to those who use their personal strengths to get things done.enjoy the natural joy of simple pleasuresif you are able to (9)_ the simple natural pleasures and enjoy them, it will bring unplanned bursts of happiness into your (10)_.1. meaning 2. share 3. frequent/often 4. reflect/concentrate 5. positive 6. possible 7. experience 8. natural 9. notice/find/capture 10. life 任务型阅读6 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 whenever we meet with difficulty or fail, teachers, parents or others often say to us or perhaps we say to ourselves, “never give up.” these can be encouraging words and words of determination. a person who believes in himself will keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails. in my opinion, the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have. therefore, i believe that we should never give up. one reason is that if we give up too easily, we will rarely achieve anything. it is not unusual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we should not feel disappointed and should try again. besides, if we always give up when we fail, we will not be able to develop new skills and grow as people. another reason we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes so that we cannot make the same mistakes. if we do not try again, the lesson we have learned is wasted. finally, we should never give up because as we work to reach our goals, we develop confidence, and this confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives. if we never challenge ourselves, we will begin to doubt our abilities. in short, it is important that we do not give up when working for our goals. whether we succeed in the end or not, we will learn something, and what we learn will help us to become better, more confident people. furthermore, if we give up, we have no chance of attaining our goals any more, but if we keep ma