【备考 志鸿优化设计】（湖南专用）中考英语总复习 专题十四 直接引语和间接引语（语法专项突破+系统梳理+提升演练）（含解析） 人教新目标版 (2).doc

语法专项突破专题十四直接引语和间接引语当人们引用别人的话时，可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来。如果是引用别人的原话，被引用的部分就称为直接引语；用自己的话来转述别人的意思就称为间接引语。直接引语通常都放在引号里；间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句（祈使句的间接引语用不定式表示）。考点一直接引语是陈述句时变为间接引语的方法直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化，在这一方面汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此，在作直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。1人称的变化直接引语变为间接引语时根据说话的主体和说话的对象进行人称的变化，通常是直接引语中的第一人称根据间接引语中的主语作相应的变化，直接引语中的第二人称根据间接引语中的主句的宾语作相应的变化，直接引语中的第三人称在间接引语中不发生变化（简记为“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”）。they said，“we love our country.”they said that they love their country.他们说他们热爱他们的国家。tom asked me，“are you a doctor？”tom asked me if i was a doctor.汤姆问我是否是一名医生。jim said，“she is my elder sister.”jim said that she was his elder sister.吉姆说她是他的姐姐。2时态的变化主句直接引语间接引语现在时任何时态相对应的任何时态将来时任何时态相对应的任何时态过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时he said，“i am busy.”he said that he was busy.他说：“我很忙。”他说他很忙。he said to me，“i am doing some cleaning now.”he told me that he was doing some cleaning then.他对我说：“我现在正在打扫卫生。”他告诉我他那时正在打扫卫生。she said，“i have repaired the tractor.”she said that she had repaired the tractor.她说：“我把拖拉机修好了。”她说她已经把拖拉机修好了。she said to me，“i saw the film.”she told me that she had seen the film.她对我说：“我看过电影了。”她对我说她看过电影了。3指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthesethatthose时间状语nowtodaytonightthis weekyesterdaylast weekthree days agotomorrownext weekthe day after tomorrowthenthat daythat nightthat weekthe day beforethe week beforethree days beforethe next daythe next weekin two days地点状语herethere动词bringcometakego考点二直接引语是疑问句时变为间接引语的方法直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并且要注意加连词if或whether，其主句动词或动词短语常用ask，wonder，want to know，inquire等，句尾不用问号，用句号。1直接引语是一般疑问句时，需要将其变成由if或whether引导的宾语从句。susan asked me，“are you mr liu？”苏珊问我：“你是刘先生吗？”she asked me if i was mr liu.她问我是否是刘先生。2当直接引语为特殊疑问句时，常变成与疑问词同形的连接词引导的宾语从句，用陈述语序，问号变为句号。bruce said，“where is she going？”布鲁斯说：“她要去哪儿？”he asked where she was going.他问她要去哪儿。考点三直接引语是祈使句时变为间接引语的方法直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要用不定式表示，使其成为“ask/tell/order sb.（not）to do sth.”句型。he said to her，“dont take the flower away.”he asked her not to take the flower away.他对她说：“不要把那花拿走。”他让她不要把那花拿走。1（2012贵州安顺中考，15）“jack，can you help with the dinner？” jacks mother asked.（改成间接引语）jack was asked _he _help with the dinner.2（2012四川乐山中考，88）tony said，“i am singing when the telephone rings.”（将直接引语改为间接引语）tony said that_ _singing when the telephone rang.3（2012甘肃兰州中考，104）was the machine invented by david？she wasnt sure.（合并成一句话）she wasnt sure _ the machine was invented by david.4are there any new markets in asia？the sales manager wants to know.（合并为一句）the sales manager wants to know _ there _ any new markets in asia.5tim said to kate，“how is your mother now？”（改为间接引语）tim _ kate how _ mother _ then.6he asked mary，“do you have anything to do this afternoon？”（改为间接引语）he asked mary _ she _ anything to do _ afternoon.7our teacher said to us，“light travels faster than sound.”（改为间接引语）our teacher _ us _ light _ faster than sound.8mr zhang said，“i was born in beijing in october,1980.”（改为间接引语）mr zhang said that _ _ born in beijing in october，1980.9our teacher said to me，“sit down，please.”（改为间接引语）our teacher told _ _ sit down.10my mother said，“dont make any noise.”（改为间接引语）my mother told me _ _ _ any noise.11she asked me，“when are you going to shanghai？”（改为间接引语）she asked me when _ _ going to shanghai.12my brother told me on the phone，“i will go back tomorrow.”（改为间接引语）my brother told me on the phone that he _ _ back _ _ _.13our headteacher told li mings mother，“he has gone home.”（改为间接引语）our headteacher told li mings mother that _ _ gone home.14the reporter asked the girl，“do you like your volunteer work on weekends？” （改为间接引语）the reporter asked the girl _ she _ her volunteer work on weekends.15“why do you stay at home？”my father asked.（把直接引语改为间接引语）my father asked _ i _ at home.16the woman teacher asked the students，“can you understand what i am saying？”（改为间接引语）the woman teacher asked the students_ _ could understand what she was saying.17she said，“are you from the south？”（改为间接引语）she asked _ i _ from the south.18mr paul said to us，“the moon goes around the earth.”（改为间接引语）mr paul _ us that the moon _ around the earth.19“i cant find my wallet，” he said to me.（改为间接引语）he _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.20“i will take it home with me，” she said.（改为间接引语）she said that _ _ _ it home with _.21he asked，“how do you find it，mother？”（改为间接引语）he asked her mother _ _ _ it.22“do you know where tom lives？” he asked alice.（改为间接引语）he asked alice_ _ knew where tom _.23“stop making so much noise，children，” he said.（改为间接引语）he _ the children _ _ making so much noise.24“are you interested in this？” he said.（改为间接引语）he _ _ i was interested in _.25“im glad to get your email，”he said to me.（改为间接引语）he _me _ _ glad to get _ email.参考答案 专题十四直接引语和间接引语专题提升演练1if/whether；could2.he was3.if/whether4.if/whether；were5.asked；her；was6.if/whether；had；that7.told；that；travels8.he was9.me to10.not to make11i was12.wou