【备考 志鸿优化设计】（湖南专用）中考英语总复习 专题十七 单项填空（题型专题探究+命题趋势+题型解法）（含解析） 人教新目标版 (2).doc

题型专题探究 专题十七单项填空1单项填空题主要考查考生对初中阶段所学语法、句型和习惯用语等各项英语知识的掌握程度以及理解和运用能力。题目重视语境的创设，考查在特定语境中正确辨别词汇和理解英语惯用法的能力。强调在情景交际对话中考查语言知识，许多题目是由对话构成题干，注重交际能力的培养和实用性。2中考对单项填空的考查重点是：（1）冠词、名词、代词、连词、介词、形容词、副词、动词的时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、主从复合句、感叹句、反意疑问句等语法知识；（2）句意理解、情景交际、日常标志等。3考查的方式主要有：语法知识题、重点句型和惯用法题、重点词语运用题。题型1语法知识题单项填空中考查最多的就是语法知识。包括十大词类的词法知识和简单句、并列句、复合句的句法知识。侧重语法的试题，既要考虑语法知识，又要考虑具体的语言环境，不能脱离语境单纯考虑语法。如：what did you say just now?i asked you _.awho is shebwho she iscwho she was本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除a项。再由主句i asked you是一般过去时，从句也应该用一般过去时，故选d项。【例1】 （2012湖南长沙中考，30）do you know the girl_is dancing over there?yes.she is toms sister.awho bwhom cwhich解析：考查定语从句的关系代词。由先行词为指人的名词the girl，且在定语从句中作主语，因此关系代词为who。故答案为a项。解析：a题型2重点句型和惯用法题初中阶段学了很多重点句型和惯用法，如：its time to do sth.，it is said that.，youd better （not） do sth.，why not do sth.等等。侧重句型、习惯用语搭配的试题，应该重点考虑句型结构与搭配习惯。如：we are tired.lets stop _ and have a rest.awork bto work cworking本题后面祈使句的意思是“咱们停止工作，休息一下吧”。“停止做某事”是 stop doing sth.，是固定搭配，所以选c项。it took me two weeks_reading the novels written by guo jingming.afinish bto finish cfinishes本题考查it takes sb.some time to do sth.“花费某人一些时间做某事。”这一句型结构，故选b项。i prefer _ some shopping to _ camping since the weather isnt lovely.ado；going bdoing；go cdoing；going本题考查prefer doing sth.to doing sth.“喜欢做某事胜过做某事”这一句型。故选c项。【例2】 （2012湖南常德中考，28）its nice of you _ me with my maths.ahelp bhelping cto help解析：本题考查its形容词of sb.to do sth.这一固定句式。it在这个句式中作形式主语，真正的主语是后边的动词不定式，故选c项。解析：c题型3重点词语运用题侧重词语用法的试题，主要考查一些短语的搭配与运用等。如：my sister is ill.i have to _her at home.alook at blook up clook afterlook at意为“看”；look up“查阅，查找”；look after“照看”。句意：我的妹妹生病了。我不得不在家里照看她。故选c项。【例3】 （2012黑龙江鸡西中考，25）my grandpa is sleeping.will you please _ the radio?aturn down bturn up cturn on解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：我爷爷正在睡觉，请你把收音机音量调低一点好吗？turn down“调低（音量）”turn up“调高（音量）；turn on“打开”。故选a项。解析：a题型1语法知识题1（2012湖南长沙中考，21）what do you think of mike?he is_honest boy.aa bthe can2（2012湖南长沙中考，25）look！mr wang is standing under the tree.it _ be mr wang.he has gone to shanghai.amustnt bmust ccant3（2012湖南长沙中考，26）your city looks beautiful.yes.many bridges_last year.aare built bbuilt cwere built4（2012湖南长沙中考，27）how much is the new car?about eighty _ yuan.athousand bthousands of cthousands5it _to drive after drinking wine.ais allowed bis not allowedcis made6we will go to the park if it_ tomorrow.adoesnt rainbwasnt rainycwont rain7who helped li lei with his english?_，he learnt it by himself.aanybody bsomebody cnobody8listen！someone _ an english song now.asings bsang cis singing9which dress do you like best，madam?sorry，i cant decide_ now.ato buy which onebbuy which onecwhich one to buy10tim played the guitar very well in the school talent show.i think so.he practices _ it every day.aplay bplaying cto play11the picture _ be made by my son.he is weak in painting.ashouldnt bneednt ccant12do you think this kind of apple _ well?no，i dont think so.ahas been soldbsellscwill sell13the old man was too poor _ a room _.ahave；to live inbhave；to livecto have；to live in14_ hard he lives!ahow a bwhat a chow15there is going to _ a party this evening at school.i hope you _.abe；can comebhave；to comecbe；can comes16can you tell me why _ the rules yesterday?adidnt they obeybdont they obeycthey didnt obey17at the concert，we enjoyed his songs very much._ were exciting and sweet.ahe bthey cwe18plenty of rain _ good harvest for the farmers.but it is not certain yet.apromises bpromised cpromise19in 1938，a radio program by actor orson welles announced that aliens from mars _ on the earth.alanded bland chad landed20after a moments thinking，she decided to choose _ of the two dolls.athe cheaper ba cheaper ccheaper21would you have _ tea or coffee after having had the hot pot，sir?asome bany cmore22you are allowed to play football in the yard，but you _ break anything.amight not bneednt cmustnt23to get the first prize，the teacher decided to choose the students _ could run 100 meters in less than 10 seconds.awho bwhich cthey24you may watch your favorite movies when you _ your homework.afinished bwill finish chave finished25peter went up to a policeman and asked _ the nearest post office.awhere could he findbwhere he could findche could find where题型2重点句型和惯用法题1（2012黑龙江鸡西中考，23）i have great_ in learning math and i am so worried.atrouble binterest cfun2（2012四川凉山中考，36）i find _ hard for me _ the work in such a short time.ait；finishing bits；finish cit；to finish3whenever i see the birds，ill_ flying in the sky.athink up bdream of ccome out4since you have finished your homework，how about _？ago to run bgo running cgoing running5goldilocks decided _ for a walk in the forest.ago bto go cgoing6cao wenxuans new book has just _.lets go and buy one.acome over bcome down ccome out7when i passed the classroom，i heard a girl _in it.asing blosing csinging8why dont you go out to play，rose?im afraid i cant.i have much homework _.ado bdoes cto do9we had to _our discussion because one of us suddenly got ill.atake off bturn off cbreak off10she saw some boys _ soccer on the playground when she was on the way to the classroom.aplayed bto play cplaying11when the students exercisebooks had been handed in，the teacher _ the exercises and marked the mistakes.alooked at blooked through clooked up题型3重点词语运用题1（2012湖南长沙中考，28）the model ship is wonderful.it_ me two days to make it.atook bcost cspent2could you please _ the radio a bit？its too loud.sorry，ill do it right away.aturn down bturn up cturn on3dont blame your friends._ they dont know the truth，either.ain all bin fact cin general4the pizza _ good.id like some more.aturn bsounds ctastes5lee _ all night in order to watch the football match between france and italy.aput up bstayed up cgot up6hi，ann！i won the first prize in the english speech contest.congratulations！and i guess your parents must _ you.abe mad at bbe proud of cbe angry with7we believe we can _ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.acatch up with bcome up with cput off8i need a new jacket.this one doesnt _ the cold.agive up btake away ckeep out9if it is dark，_ the lights，please.apick up blook at cturn on10my best friend alex failed in the math competition.id like to_.adress him up bpick him up ccheer him up11look at the sign “no smoking”sorry，ill _ my cigarette（香烟） at once.aput up bput out cput on12dont be afraid of new words.you can _in the dictionary.alook at them blook for them clook them up13what are you doing?im_the key to the door.afinding out blooking after clooking for14what are you going to do for the school day?well _ a new play.aput out bput off cput on15he is a popular writer.his new book will _ this september.acome up bcome in ccome out16do you have nokia e72 mobiles?sorry，they have been _.you may come next week.agiven out blooked out csold out17you should _the shower when you are washing your hair.ok.i will.we need to save water.aput on bput off cturn off18the girl _ the woman.maybe she is her daughter.atakes care btakes after ctakes off19marcia，could you please _my dog when im on vacation?yes，sure.alook after blook at clook for20hurry up，mike.you must get to the airport an hour before the plane _.agets off bturns off ctakes off21the girl_all her pocket money to the people in the southwest for the serious drought（旱灾）what a good girl!atook away bgave up cgave away22her sister _ a taxi driver.now she works for a charity.awas used to dobwas used to beingcused to be参考答案 专题十七单项填空专题提升演练题型1语法知识题1chonest中h不发音，故是以元音音素开头，因此用an。2c由答语“他去上海了。”可知那个人一定不是王先生。故选c项。3c由时间状语last year可知时态为一般过去时，再由主语my bridge和build之间存在被动关系可知答案为c项。4athousand被具体数词修饰时用单数形式。5b酒后禁止驾车是常识，故用一般现在时的被动语态。6aif引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来。7c由“他自学的。”可知没有人帮助李雷，故答案为c项。8c由listen可知时态为现在进行时，故选c项。9c“特殊疑问词动词不定式”作宾语。10bpractice doing sth.“练习做某事”。11c句意：这张图画不可能是我儿子画的，他不擅长画画。cant意为“不可能”。shouldnt意为“不应该”；neednt意为“不需要”。12c句意：你认为这种苹果会畅销吗？不，我认为不会。表示事物“内在品质”的一些不及物动词如sell等，应用主动形式表示被动意义；由题意知此处是对将来状态的推测，应用将来时。13c句意：这个老人太穷，没有房子住。too.to.意为“太以至于不能”，为固定结构；live意为“居住”时为不及物动词，to live in在此作room的定语，介词in不可省略。14c句意：他生活得多么艰苦啊！此感叹句的中心词为副词hard，故应用how。15a句意：今晚学校将有一个晚会。我希望你能来。there be.为固定句型，中间可以加入seem to，be going to，used to等短语；情态动词后应接动词原形。16c句意：你能告诉我他们为什么昨天不遵守规则吗？在宾语从句中，从句应用陈述语序；由yesterday判断应用一般过去时。17b根据句意“我们非常喜欢他的歌”以及后面的关键词exciting and sweet用来修饰物可知此处指代的是上文中的songs，故用they。18a句意：多雨对农民来说预示着丰收。但也不一定。第一句是陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。19c句意：1938年，一个由奥逊威尔斯主持的广播节目报道了来自火星的外星人登陆地球的消息。根据句意可知，登陆发生在announced 之前，故用过去完成时。20a根据of the two dolls可判断出是选两个布娃娃中较便宜的一个，为特指，故选a项。21a当说话者希望得到对方肯定回答时，尽管是疑问句，也用some。22c句意：你可以在院子里踢球，但是不许破坏东西。mustnt 表禁止，语气强烈。a项语气较弱；neednt“没必要”，不合题意。23a分析句子结构可知定语从句缺少主语，且先行词students指人，所以用who引导。24c本句是when引导的时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中要用现在完成时代替将来完成时。25b分析句子结构可知，所填部分作ask的宾语，宾语从句要用陈述语序。故答案为b项。题型2重点句型和惯用法题1ahave trouble in doing sth.“做某事有困难”。2cit作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。3b句意：无论什么时候我看见鸟，我都梦想在天空飞翔。think up“想出”；dream of “梦想”；come out“出来”。故选b项。4chow about其后跟动名词；go running“去跑步”。故选c项。5bdecide to do sth.“决定做某事”。6c图书出版用come out。7chear sb.doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事”。8chave sth.to do sth.“有某事要做”。9cbreak off“中断，中止”；take off“脱下，起飞”；turn off“关上”。根据题意，应选c项。10c句意：她在去教室的路上看到一些男孩正在操场上踢足球。see sb.doing“看到某人正在做某事”。11b考查动词短语辨析。look at“看”；look through“浏览，查看”；look up“向上看”。根据句意，此处表达的是老师浏览了练习题并标出了错误。题型3重点词语运用题1ait takes sb.some time to do sth.“花费某人一些时间做某事”。2a由“太吵了。”可知要求对方减小收音机的音量，故选a项。3bin fact“实际上”。4c比萨饼应该是尝起来好吃，故选c项。5b句意：为了看法国和意大利之间的足球比赛，李熬了一整夜。stay up“熬夜”。6bbe mad at“对愤怒”；be proud of“为自豪”；be angry with“生的气”。由对方赢得了英语演讲比赛可知其父母应该为其感到自豪，故选c项。7b句意：我们相信我们能想出一个方法来处理未来的污染问