宾语从句讲解和练习正式版 (2).doc

宾语从句顾名思义，宾语从句在句中放谓语动词或介词后做宾语。变宾语从句也包括由直接引语变间接引语。学习宾语从句只需记住四点：引导词，陈述语序，时态和人称变化。一， 引导词。1 宾语从句为陈述句时，引导词为that。此时that无实义，可要可不要，因此常常被省略。e.x. The teacher often says, ”I eat too much.”-The teacher often says _ he eats too much.2 宾语从句为一般疑问句时，引导词为if或whether，中文译为“是否”，此时if不是“如果”之意。e.x. Dad often asks me, ”Have you finished your homework today?”-Dad often asks me _ I have finished my homework this day.3 宾语从句为特殊疑问句时，引导词为特殊疑问词。e.x. I asked him,” When will your father come back?”I asked him _ his father would come back.4. 宾语从句为祈使句，在肯定祈使句的动词原形加to，构成带to的不定式；在否定祈使句前加not to，构成to do sth 的否定形式。并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，构成短语：tell/ask/order (not) to do sth.e.x. Mr Li said to us, “Dont hand in your homework now!” Mr Li _ us _ _ hand in _ homework at the moment.二，陈述语序。陈述语序指陈述句（不是“？”的句子）的句子顺序，一般为“主谓宾”的顺序。陈述语序相对的疑问语序。疑问语序即是疑问句的句子顺序，一般为“谓主宾”，谓语提到主语前了。E.x. He is a boy. - Is he a boy? 主 谓 谓 主因此陈述语序是对宾语从句为疑问句的句子而言的。将疑问句改宾语从句，需将其疑问语序该为陈述语序，将谓语动词还原到主语后。1 谓语助动词为be动词、情态动词或完成时态的have/has/had(+过去分词)时，变陈述语序只需要将他们放回主语后。E.x. 1. He asked me,”Is that man your father?” He asked me _ that man _ my father.（情态动词和have/has/had的变化见上面一大点的例句）2 谓语助动词为do, does, did时，变陈述语序要先去掉do, does, did, 然后does/did 各自对应的时态要还原到宾语从句中的动词。e.x. He often asks me, “Do you like dancing?” “Does your brother play soccer every day?” “Did you play with these kids?”He often asks me whether I like dancing. whether my brother plays soccer every day. whether I played with these kids.三， 时态：1 （主现，从不变）主句为一般现在时态，宾语从句根据需要选择时态。（例句见第二大点第2小点）*2.（主过，从过）主句为一般过去时态，宾语从句选择与过去有关的时态。请注意与第二大点的第2小点的变化：E.x. He asked me if I liked dancing. if my brother played soccer every day. if I had played with these kids.2 (主过，从真理现)主句为一般过去时态，宾语从句如果是客观事实和永久不变的真理，用一般现在时态。e.x. He asked me if the moon moves around the earth.四，人称变化：上面已经有很多例句可供理解。五， 其它变化：如果是疑问句变宾语从句，主句中的谓语动词said要改成asked/told.六， 由宾语从句复合句变简单句：当主句的主语和宾语从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可以由一个句子改成“特殊疑问词+to do 不定式”的结构。e.x. I dont know where I can go on vacation.- I dont know where to go on vacation.七，宾语从句的否定转移： 如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess, imagine等，且宾语从句为否定句时，要把否定词移到主句中去。例如： I think chicken can swim. (变否定句) I _ think chicken can swim.八，宾语从句的附加疑问句： 一般情况下要根据主句的人称和谓语来确定附加疑问句。例如： He wants to know where the little girl can get $500, doesnt he? 对于否定转移的主从复合句来说，必须根据从句来确定，且要把否定转移到从句上，再确定附加疑问句的形式。当主句谓语动词为believe,think, suppose等表示主语看法的词且主句为一人称和一般现在时态时，应反问从句。例如：I dont think Mr. Green can drive a bus, _ he?八，试题：1 Where did you find your watch? Can you tell me? （连接成一句;再改为简单句）Can you tell me _ _ _ your watch?Can you tell me _ _ _ your watch?2. Are you coming? Let me know.(合为复合句)Let me know _ _ _ knowing.3. What s the matter? He came out to see.（同上）He came out to see _ _ the matter.4. The small boy didnt know. Whom are they waiting for?（同上）The small boy didnt know _ they _ waiting for.5. “I have lived in Honolulu for 3 years”, Lin Yang says.(改为复合句)Lin Yang says _ _ _ lived in Honolulu for 3 years.6. “Did you drop the paper on the floor?” asked she. (改为复合句)She asked _ you _ the paper on the floor.7. Where does your uncle live? Could you tell me?Could you tell me _ our uncle _.8. “Do you like this white hat?” she asked.She asked _ _ _ this white hat.9. Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? (改为简单句)Can you tell me _ _ get to the post office?10. “What can I do for you?” he asked me.He asked me _ _ _ do for me.11. His mother said to me,” He is a good boy.”His mother _ me _ is a good boy.12. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son.She told her little son _ _ sure the door _ shut.13. “Dont smoke in the room,” he said to me.He told me _ _ smoke in the room.14. He didnt know what to wear. (改为复合句)He didnt know what _ _ wear.15. “Shut up!” he said to the boys.He _ to the boys _ shut up.一、选择( )1. We want to know she will come back.A. thatB. whoC. whenD. where( )2. Could you tell us from?A. where are youB. where you areC. where were youD. where did you come( )3. He was angry that he went out of the school quickly.A. soB. veryC. suchD. quite( )4. They said they HongKong 5 years before.A. go toB. went toC. will go toD. had been to( )5. My friend Adam is to work out the maths problem.A. brightB. very brightC. enough brightD. bright enough( )6. He spoke more loudly we could heat him.A. soB. as soC. so thatD. such that( )7. She is girl that everybody likes her.A. such cleverB. so cleverC. such clever aD. so clever a( )8. Do you know ? Im going to see him.Sorry. I dont knowA. where does Mr Li liveB. where did Mr Li liveC. where Mr Li livesD. where Mr Li lived( )9. Id like to know A. when will he give back the tapeB. whether has he relieved higher educationC. that he has been busyD. whether she will join our English Evening( )10. Could you tell me ? Im his old friend.A. where does Jim leaveB. when will Jim come backC. where Jim has goneD. how is Jim( )11. Do you know ?They moved here soon after their son was born.A. when would the Greens move hereB. when the Greens moved hereC. the Greens would move hereD. when the Greens would move here( )12. You must remember .A. what your teacher saidB. what did your teacher sayC . your teacher said whatD. what has your teacher said( )13. The students are studying hard, for they know .A . what are they studying forB. what are they studyingC. what they are studying forD. why they are studying for( )14. Could you tell me ?A. when shall we startB. who are you waiting forC. where the bus station isD. why were you late( )15. Do you know ?Hes Toms father.A. who is heB. what he isC. whats heD. who he is( )16. We can use MSN to talk with each other on the Internet.Really? Will you please show me it ?A. what to useB. how to useC. how can I useD. where can I use ( )17. Can you tell me why ?Because I want to help the people there.A. do you go to TibetB. did you go to TibetC. are you going to TibetD. you are going to Tibet( )18. I dont know he still lives here.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. whether( )19. He learned that the sun also fast.A. movedB. movingC. movesD. was moving( )20. Mother told me that I back on time.A. to be sure of, would comeB. to make sure, will comeC. to be sure, will comeD. to make sure, would come( )21. Please tell me when you tomorrow.I will meet you at the station when you A. come, comeB. will come, will comeC. will come, comeD. come, will come( )22. He told us that the earth round.A. wasB. isC. beD. has been( )23. The teacher told us that we a football match tomorrow afternoon.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have( )24. He told me that he to Jinan last month.A . goB. wentC. has goneD. goes( )25. I dont know much about computer, .A. tooB. eitherC. neitherD. also( )26. The Yellow River is the second river in China.A. longB. longerC. longestD. most long( )27. Please tell me she will come or not.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. why( )28. We are not sure .A. when you will fly to SydneyB. when will you fly to SydneyC. when fly to SydneyD. when to Sydney to fly( )29. No one knows next.A. how to doB. what to doC. when to doD. why to do( )30. Shall we go scuba diving with some other boys this afternoon? A. That sounds really cool.B. What a pity!C. Im sorry for that.D. It doesnt matter.( )31. I hear most hotels are very full these days.Dont worry. Ive a room in a five-star hotel.A. boughtB. bookedC. paidD. kept( )32. it is!A. What important informationB. How important informationC. What an important information D. How an important information( )33. Oh, I you here.A. dont know; areB. didnt know; wereC. didnt know; are D. dont know; were二、按括号内的要求改写句子1. We will visit the factory. Our teacher told us. (改为宾语从句) Our teacher told us that we the shoe factory.2. Will she catch the early bus? She is afraid. (合并为一句) She is afraid she catch the early bus.3. I thought that the earth is round. (改为否定句) I think that the earth round.4. If you stop blowing, soon you will find the glass clear again. (改为同义句) Now stop blowing, soon you will find the glass clear again.5. “My own team is even better.” Lin Tao said (改为宾语从句) Lin Tao said his own team even better.6 . He says that he wont be free tomorrow. (改为一般疑问句) he that he free until tomorrow?7. Does he like reading? Did you know? (改为宾语从句) Did you know he reading?8. Hurry up, or well be late. (改为同义句) we , well be late.9. All are here, but Jim isnt here. (改为同义句) is here Jim.10. The teacher said to me, “Speak more slowly.” (改为同义句) The teacher told me more slowly.11. Has Lucy come back? Do you know? (改为宾语从句) Do you know Lucy come back?12. However cold it is, she always goes for a walk.(改为同义句) it is, she always goes for a walk.13. I have had this radio for three years . (改为同义句) three years I this radio.14. When does he get up? Do you know? (改为宾语从句) Do you know ?15. How will they go hiking? I wanted to know. (改为宾语从句) I wanted to know go hiking.宾语从句专项练习一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.7How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?9What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know.I dont know _ he still _ in that street. 12. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _.13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me _ _ _ _.14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.二、选择填空。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( )6. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen( )8.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. whats the matter( )10. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us_, so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking( )13.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which( )14. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years. A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how ,otherD. what, another( )16. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA. A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone( )17. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains( )18. I really dont know if she _ it when she _. A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said _ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what( )20. He asked me _. A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if( )22. You must remember _.A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said( )23. I don”t know _ . A. which room I can live B. which room can I liveC. which room I can live in D. which room can I live in ( )24.Do you know when he _ back ? Sorry , I don”t . When he _back , I”ll tell you . A. comes ; comes B. comes ; will comeC. will come ; comes D. will come ; will come( )25 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( )26 Mary said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been( )27 The students want to know whether they_ a PE class today.A. had B. has C. will have D. are ( )28. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that( )29.I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where( )30. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how三、用合适的连接词填空。1. Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）6. They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether)7. We are talking about _ well go back tomorrow. (whether, if) 8. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (where, what)9. I dont know _ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)10. Do