so…that__such…that__so_that的用法.doc

sothat 、suchthat、so that的用法sothat和suchthat引导的分句都是结果状语从句，so that既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。一、 so. that.句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是“如此/这么以致于”1. 常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。The boy ran so fast that I couldnt catch him. He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 2. so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+that从句。例如：She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much. 她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times. 展览是那么好，结果我就去看了好几次。It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. 昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。3. so+many / much / few / little（少）+名词+that从句。当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用so.that.而不能用such.that.。例如：Ive had so many falls that Im black and blue all over. 我跌了那么多跤，全身跌得青一块，紫一块的。There was so much work to do that everybody got bored. 有这么多的事要做，人人都感到厌烦了。There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us. 缸里的水太少，不够我们这些人用的。（注：当little的意思是“小”时，仍用such.that.）二、 在such. that.句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此以致于”。suchthat引导四种不同的句子结构：1. such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句。例如：This is such a good book that all of us like it very much. 这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读一读。It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home. 天气这么好，没有人愿意呆在家里不出去。It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice. 这是一部很有意思的电影，我看了两次。2. such+形容词+复数名词+that从句。例如：He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees. 他的胳膊很长，几乎就能够到他的膝盖。They are such good students that the teacher likes them. 他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。3. such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句，例如：It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming. 昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。4. one (no, any, all, many, some, several, 等)+such+可数名词+that从句。例如：There are many such good books that I cant decide which one to choose. 有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。He gave us several such examples about the phrase that we understood it pretty well. 关于这个短语，他举了好几个这样的例句，我们终于完全弄懂了。三、so that 既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句引导目的状语从句时可译为为了 ,引导结果状语从句时可译为以便如：I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly.(目的状语从句) Maria likes the woolen dress so that she decides to buy it immediately .(结果状语从句)(1) so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。(2) So that引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号，而so that引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往有逗号相隔开（即略作停顿），意思是“因此;所以”。请比较： He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好成绩。 He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.他努力学习，结果考试获得了好成绩。 四、“sothat”和“suchthat”可以相互转换1. 她非常诚实，大家都信赖她。She is so honest that everybody trusts her.She is such an honest girl that everybody trusts her.She is so honest a girl that everybody trusts her.2. “sothat+含肯定意义的从句”可转换为“enough to”。例如：He is so old that he can go to school. He is old enough to go to school. （他到了上学的年龄。）3. “sothat+含否定意义的从句”可转换为“notenough to (do sth)”或“tooto (do sth)”。例如：He is so young that he can”t look after himself. He is not old enough to look after himself. / He is too young to look after himself. （他年龄太小，自己照顾不了自己。）4. 可将so和such移至句首，再将主句的主、谓语倒装，以示强调。例如：It is so hot that we don”t want to go out. So hot is it that we don”t want to go out. （天气太热，我们不想出去。）He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him. Such an excellent speech did he make that everyone admired him. （他作了如此精彩的演讲，人们都钦佩他。）5. so many / muchthat可转换为such a lot ofthat。例如：There are so many people in the room that we could not get in.There are such a lot of people in the room that we could not get in. （房间里人太多，我们进不去。）6. so few / littlethat可转换为such a few / a littlethat。例如：So few people came that the meeting had to be put off.Such a few people came that the meeting had to be put off. （人来得这么少，会议不得不推迟。）补充内容：英语里可以用to, in order to，so as to或so that，in order that来表示目的。区别是：1) to, in order to，so as to引导的是目的状语短语，构成简单句；2) so that, in order that 引导的是目的状语从句，构成复合句，并且从句中谓语动词常与can, could, may, might等情态动词连用。如： He got up early to /in order to/ so as to catch the first bus.他早起为了赶上第一趟车。Speak clearly so that everybody can understand you. 请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听懂。 注意：1)so that