【步步高】高考英语大二轮专题复习 （高考回眸+模拟演练+高分特训）专题四 情态动词与虚拟语气.doc

专题4情态动词与虚拟语气1i_to my cousins birthday party last night，but i was not available. (2013安徽，28)awent bhad gonecwould go dwould have gone答案d解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：昨晚，我本该去参加我表弟的生日聚会，但我没有时间。would have done“本该做(但未做)”。2it _be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.(2013安徽，34)amay bcouldntcshould dneednt答案b解析考查情态动词。句意为：因为你掌握了大量的单词，所以使你在练习中产生问题的原因不可能是词汇问题。couldnt 不可能。3i should not have laughed if i_you were serious.(2013江苏，30)athought bwould thinkchad thought dhave thought答案c解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果我当时想到你是认真的，我就不会笑了。由句意知，此句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句结构为had done。4why are your eyes so red？you_have slept well last night.yeah，i stayed up late writing a report.(2013四川，5)acant bmustntcneednt dwont答案a解析句意为：你的眼睛为什么这么红？你昨晚肯定没睡好。是的，我熬夜写了一篇报告。本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。cant have done意为“不可能做过”，表示对过去事情的否定推测，符合题意。mustnt表示“禁止”；neednt表示“没必要”；wont表示“不愿意”，均不合题意。5my mom suggests that we _ eat out for a change this weekend.(2013陕西，12)ashould bmightccould dwould答案a解析句意为：母亲提议这个周末出去吃饭换换口味。suggest(建议)接宾语从句时谓语动词用(should)do。6since nobody gave him any help，he _ have done the research on his own.(2013大纲全国，26)acan bmustcwould dneed答案b解析句意为：既然没人给他帮忙，那他肯定是自己做的研究。分析主从句逻辑关系可知，主句是对从句表达的原因的一种猜测，must have done想必/准是/一定做过某事，符合主从句之间的逻辑关系。can have done用于疑问句或否定句中，表示对过去情况的推测；would have done表示过去将来完成时或用于虚拟语气中；need have done通常用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“本不必做某事却做了”。7if we_a table earlier，we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.(2013北京，34)ahave booked bbookedcbook dhad booked答案d解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果早些预订饭桌，我们现在就不会站在这儿排队了。if从句是对过去情况的假设，故用过去完成时态。8you neednt take an umbrella.it isnt going to rain.well，i dont know.it_do.(2013北京，35)amight bneedcwould dshould答案a解析考查情态动词用法。句意为：你不必带伞。天不会下雨。我不知道，可能会下雨吧。might“可能”，表推测，且可能性较小。9harry is feeling uncomfortable.he_too much at the party last night.(2013辽宁，31)acould drink bshould drinkcwould have drunk dmust have drunk答案d解析考查情态动词。此处为情态动词表示猜测。句意为：harry感到不舒服，他昨天晚上一定喝得太多。由last night可知是对过去的猜测，语气肯定，所以用must have drunk。10no one_ be more generous；he has a heart of gold.(2013天津，9)acould bmustcdare dneed答案a解析考查情态动词。句意为：没人比他更慷慨；他有一颗金子般的心。“no one could be more generous”是否定词和比较级连用，表达最高级含义，a项could可以在否定句中表示推测，为正确答案。b项表推测，只用在肯定句中；dare和need不符合句意。11if he had spent more time practising speaking english before，he_able to speak it much better now.(2013天津，14)awill be bwould bechas been dwould have been答案b解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果以前他花更多时间练习说英语的话，现在他英语就会说得好多了。由从句中的had spent可知从句与过去事实相反；由主句中的now可知主句与现在事实相反，故用would be。本题实际上是考查错综时间的虚拟语气。12he_sleep，although he tried to，when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.(2013湖南，32)awouldnt bshouldntccouldnt dmustnt答案c解析考查情态动词的辨析。wouldnt不会；shouldnt不应该；couldnt不能；mustnt禁止。根据语境可知，他显然是“不能”入睡，根据句中的although he tried to可知这里说的是过去的事情，所以用cannot的过去式。 13i _ myself moreit was a perfect day.(2013浙江，3)ashouldnt have enjoyed bneednt have enjoyedcwouldnt have enjoyed dcouldnt have enjoyed答案d解析句意为：我那时玩得再高兴不过了那真是完美的一天。couldnt have done不可能做过。此处用not和比较级连用表达最高级的含义，意为“从未比这更高兴过”。故选d项。14eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.(2013浙江，8)awas bbecwere dis答案b解析recommend建议，其后常接that 引导的宾语从句，而宾语从句中要用sb.should do或者sth.should be done的形式，should常可省略。 故本题应选b项。15do you think george has passed the driving test?no.if so，he _ his car to our college yesterday.(2013福建，30)awould drive bdrovecwould have driven dhad driven答案c解析句意为：你认为george已经通过驾照考试了吗？没有。如果通过的话，昨天他就会开车来我们的大学了。本题表达的是对过去事实的假设，句子结构为：if.had done.，.would(might，could，should) have done.。16when i was a child，i _ watch tv whenever i wanted to.(2013江西，29)ashould bcouldcmust dneed答案b解析本题考查情态动词。should应该；could能够，可以；must必须；need需要。句意为：当我还是个孩子的时候，我想看电视的时候就可以看。根据句意可知，b项符合题意。17it rained cats and dogs this morning.im glad we took an umbrella.yeah，we would have got wet all over if we _.(2013重庆，29)ahadnt bhaventcdidnt ddont答案a解析考查虚拟语气。根据第一句可知，下雨、带伞都是发生在过去的事情，故第二句“如果我们没带伞的话，全身都会淋湿的”这一情景是与过去事实相反的假设，故if条件句用过去完成时，主句用“would/should/might/couldhave done”。18i _ use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.(2012新课标全国，30)acouldnt bmustntcshouldnt dneednt答案d解析根据后面的because引导的原因状语从句的内容可知选d项，即“因为每天早晨六点钟那列火车都经过我家，所以没有必要用闹钟来叫醒我”。couldnt不能；mustnt禁止；shouldnt不应该；neednt不必，不需要。19grace doesnt want to move to new york because she thinks if she_there，she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.(2012安徽，31)alives bwould livechas lived dwere to live答案d解析句意为：格雷斯不想搬到纽约去，因为她认为，如果她住在那里，她就不能经常看见她的父母了。这是与将来情况相反的虚拟条件句。由主句知此处是对“未来”情况的虚拟。if引导的虚拟条件句中表示与将来的事实相反时可使用过去式、“shouldv.”或“were tov.”的形式，故选d项。20happy birthday!thank you！its the best present i_for.(2012江苏，35)ashould have wishedbmust have wishedcmay have wisheddcould have wished答案d解析a项意为“本应该期望而实际上并非如此”；b项意为“一定期望”；c项意为“也许期望”；d项意为“能够期望”。句意为：生日快乐！谢谢你！这是我能期望的最好的礼物了。根据句意可知，应选d项。1it is required by the rules that students _ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.awill bmaycshall dwould答案c解析考查情态动词。句意为：根据规定，学生如果想拿奖学金，任一单科成绩不得低于85分。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。2im really very busy，otherwise i _ certainly go there with you.acan bshallcwill dwould答案d解析考查虚拟语气。结合前半句中的内容以及后半句中的otherwise一词可知后半句应用虚拟语气，所以用would。3god！my cell phone is missing.you _ have left it at home.i heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.ashall bmustcwould dcould答案b解析考查情态动词。根据答语第二句的内容可知第二个说话人认为对方“一定”是把手机忘在家里了。4even students of average intelligence _ become top students by improving their study habits.amust bcanchave to dought to答案b解析考查情态动词。句意为：即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯而成为优等生。can在此处表示“能够”。5look，ive bought some bread，including your favorite flavor.you _ any because we still have plenty at home.ashould have boughtbcould have boughtcneednt have boughtdmustnt have bought答案c解析答语句意为：你没有必要买，因为家里还有很多。故应用neednt have done表示本不必做而实际上做了。could have done 表示过去本可以做某事却没做；should have done表示本应该做而实际上未做；mustnt表示禁止。6it is beyond my understanding that many adults _ be so crazy about harry potter series.awill bcancmay dshould答案d解析考查情态动词。句意为：很多成年人居然对哈利波特系列这么上瘾，对此我不能理解。这里用should表示“居然，竟然”。其他选项都没有这个含义。7its a pity that andrew didnt want to go to the conference._ willing to go，we could have paid all his expenses.ahad he been bbeingcwas he dhe had been答案a解析考查虚拟语气与倒装。根据第一句中的时态可知此处是对过去情况的虚拟，意思是“如果他愿意去，我们会支付他所有的费用”。此处是省略了虚拟条件句中的if而引起的倒装，其正常语序应为“if he had been willing to go”。8these days some young people just _ work hard because they have got used to the easy life provided by their parents.amustnt bwontcmightnt dshouldnt答案b解析句意为：现在一些年轻人就是不愿意努力，因为他们已经习惯了父母提供的安逸生活。根据句意可知，此处表示意愿，应用wont。mustnt禁止，不准；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不应该。9i regret to say that i failed to rank first in the terminal exam.come on，nobody _ win all the time.ashould bmustcshall dcan答案d解析考查情态动词。句意为：很遗憾我在期末考试中没有考第一。振作起来，没有人能够一直赢。can(表示有能力做或能够发生)能，会；should应该，应当；must必须；shall(表示决心、命令或指示)必须，应当。10may i take this book out of the reading room?no，you _.you read it in here.amightnt bwontcneednt dmustnt答案d解析考查情态动词。根据答语的第二句话可知“不能把书拿出阅览室”，表禁止，故选d项。11sorry，cathy，i didnt know that you were badly short of money then.but you _ me for help.amust have askedbcould have askedcwould have askeddmay have asked答案b解析考查情态动词。说话人为自己不知道cathy当时急需用钱而感到抱歉，认为cathy当时本来可以向自己求助。could have done表示过去本来可以做某事，可实际上并没有做。12i called you at 9 last night，but no one answered.sorry，i _ sleeping.i went to bed very early.aneed have been bwould have beencmust have been dshould have been答案c解析根据答语中的“i went to bed very early”可知，此处为肯定推测，用must，表示问话人打电话时，答话人一定正在睡觉。must have done表示过去肯定做了某事。13im as busy as a bee；_ you bother me with so many questions now?amay bmustccan dshall答案b解析考查情态动词。句意为：我忙得不可开交，为什么你现在偏要拿这么多的问题来打扰我呢？must有时可以表示一种不受欢迎的巧合，指某事发生得不早不迟，就在某个当紧的时候，通常含有不快、不满、心烦、恼火等感情色彩，意为“偏偏，偏要”。14did you go to the fashion show last week?i _，but i was fully occupied the whole week.amust go bmust have gonecwould go dwould have gone答案d解析考查虚拟语气。根据答语中的“but i was fully occupied”可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，应用would have done结构，表示“本来要做某事而实际上未做”，故选d项。15it is important to know about the cultural differences that _ cause problems.amust bdarecmay dshall答案c解析考查情态动词。句意为：了解有可能会带来麻烦的文化差异是重要的。此处may表示不确定的推测，意思是“有可能”。16could i have a word with you，mum?oh，dear，if you _.acan bmustcmay dshould答案b解析此处must表示“执意，偏要”，带有感情色彩，符合题意。can表示能力、许可、可能性；may表示可能性、许可；should表示义务和较大的可能性。17my mother is a great cook and we _ never get enough of her cookies.amay bneedcshould dcan答案d解析句意为：我妈妈是一个很了不起的厨师，我们吃不够她做的饼干。cant.enough为固定搭配，意为“无论也不过分”。18i wonder where peter is.he said hed be here for lunch.dont worry！he_be caught in the rush hour.awill bshouldccan dmay答案d解析考查情态动词表示推测。句意为：我想知道peter在哪里。他说要来这里吃午饭的。别担心！他可能遇到上下班高峰期了。may表示事实上的可能性，意为“可能，也许”。19why，i didnt get you on the phone.we _football on the playground when you phoned.amust be playingbmust playcmust have playeddmust have been playing答案d解析句意为：嗨，我打电话没找到你。你打电话的时候我们肯定正在操场上踢足球。表示对过去所发生的事情的肯定推测用must have done的形式，再结合语境可知此处推测的是过去某个时间正在发生的事情，故用must have been doing，故答案为d项。20why didnt henry come?he _ except he didnt have time.awould have come bwill comecwould come dwill be coming答案a解析句意为：henry为什么没来？他本来要来的，只是他没有时间。except从句表达的是过去时陈述语气，主句为与过去相反的虚拟语气。21he hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，otherwise he_a goal.ahad scored bscoredcwould score dwould have scored答案d解析这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选d。22it is hard for me to imagine what i would be doing today if i_in love，at the age of seven，with the melinda cox library in my hometown.awouldnt have fallenbhad not fallencshould falldwere to fall答案b解析句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了melinda cox 图书馆，我真不能想象我如今会在做什么。此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。23my uncle suggests i _ abroad.i would rather you _ at home.ago；stay bwent；stayedcgo；stayed dwent；stay答案c解析suggest作“建议”讲，谓语动词用should do或do。would rather后跟的从句也用虚拟语气，叙述与现在、将来事实相反时，用过去时；叙述与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。24its useless envying others their success.its time you _ hard.amust work bwent to workcwork dworked答案d解析此处考查固定句型中虚拟语气的使用。its time that.中，从句中动词用过去时或should do。25they _ two free tickets to canada.otherwise，theyd never have been able to afford to go.ahad got bgotcwould have got dget答案b解析otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件，是对真实情况的相反的假设，由此我们可以推断出：题干中otherwise前面的内容应是真实的，故空白处应该是陈述语气；再结合句意可知，此处讲的是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时。.完形填空tyler was a troubled student.he was in my senior class last year.it was _1_ to his former teachers that he had made it to his senior year.he sat in the back row.every time i spoke in the front of the class，i would ask students questions，_2_ them by name.this helped me learn their names while getting the kids _3_.unfortunately，every time i asked him a question，he would _4_ with a flip(轻率的) answer.he knew the answers when he listened _5_ he didnt want to be asked.if he got a wrong answer，he would get very angry.one day，tyler was talking while i was teaching.in the _6_ of teaching i said，“tyler，why are you having your own discussion instead of _7_ ours？” with that，he _8_ from his chair，pushed it over，and yelled.i sent him to the office with a discipline referral，and he _9_ a weeks out of school suspension.the weeks out of school suspension was wonderful.however，the week soon came to a(n) _10_，and i began to worry about his _11_.i knew from talking with his other teachers that he would be back even angrier.i made a(n) _12_.on the day that he came back，i stood at the door _13_ him.as soon as i saw him，i asked him to talk for a moment.he seemed _14_ to do it but agreed.i told him that i wanted to start over(重新开始) with him.furthermore，i gave him permission that if he felt he was going to lose _15_ in class he could step right outside the door for a moment to collect himself.from that point on，tyler was a(n) _16_ student in my classroom.he listened and participated.he was _17_ a smart child and i could finally get to see this in him.he even _18_ a fight between two other students one day.i _19_ that giving him the power to decide for himself made all the _20_.1a.surprising binterestingcdisappointing dupsetting答案a解析根据前文“tyler was a troubled student.”可推断，tyler能读到高年级很令老师吃惊。2a.visiting bwatchingcinterviewing dcalling答案d解析根据句中“by name”可推断，老师问问题时叫学生的名字。3a.defeated baddictedcinvolved dimpressed答案c解析根据前文“ask students questions”可知，作者是想让学生参与进来。4a.exchange brespondcshare dconnect答案b解析根据句中“with a flip(轻率的) answer”可知，这里指tyler回答作者的问题。5a.until bifcunless dbut答案d解析根据句中“he knew the answers”和“he didnt want to be asked”可知，前后为转折关系。6a.case bmattercmiddle dpresence答案c解析根据作者说的话的内容可知，作者当时在讲课。因此是在讲课中(middle)。7a.joining bstartingchearing dlearning答案a解析作者让tyler加入到大家的讨论，而不是自己在那里说话。8a.fell down bgot upcjumped in dfell off答案b解析根据句中“pushed it over”可知，tyler从椅子上起来了。9a.suggested brefusedcreceived drequested答案c解析根据语境可推断，tyler 犯了错误，被停学一周。10a.end bdecisionchead dagreement答案a解析根据下一段中“on the day that he came back”可知，一周结束了。11a.study breturncfamily dhealth答案b解析根据后句中“he would be back even angrier”可知，作者害怕tyler回来。12a.plan bmistakecface dnoise答案a解析根据后文中“i wanted to start over(重新开始) with him”可推断，作者制定了一个计划。13a.looking after bescaping fromcwaiting for dstaring at答案c解析根据后句中“as soon as i saw him，i asked him to talk for a moment.”可知，作者在门口等tyler。14a.excited bunhappyccalm dcrazy答案b解析根据句中“but agreed”可知，tyler看起来不太愿意。15a.touch bcouragecheart dcontrol答案d解析根据句中“collect himself”可知，这里指在tyler失去控制的情况下。16a.changed bsimilarcconfused dproud答案a解析根据后句“he listened and participated.”可知，tyler完全变了。17a.rarely bactuallycusually dhardly答案b解析根据句中“i could finally get to see this in him”可知，tyler实际上很聪明，用actually表示强调。18a.led bmissedcreported dstopped答案d解析根据句中even和语境可知，作者在表扬tyler，他甚至阻止了同学打架。19a.believe bdoubtcexpect drecommend答案a解析根据that后面的内容可知，这是作者认识到的，用believe。20a.effort bdifferencecpoint dway答案b解析make the difference表示“大不相同”。.阅读理解amake some noise on may 7 for music monday.people in the us. and canada will be celebrating the day by singing and playing musical instruments together.music monday is the first day of national wanna play music week，which runs from may 7 to 13.the national association of music merchants(namm) organizes the weeklong celebration every year.this marks the seventh year the organization is teaming up with canadas coalition for music education(cme)，the group that started music monday.“its a day to fill the skies with music and bring young people together in song，” cme executive director holly nimmons said.the cme started music monday in 2005.it is held every year on the first monday of may.it was created to help people realize the importance of music education programs in schools and in communities.the day also celebrates the benefits of playing music for people of all ages.namm researches the effects of music on children.they found that playing music has positive effects on thinking skills and on confidence.it also teaches selfdiscipline(自律) and helps kids bond with their peers(同龄人)“learning musical skills can also help in your studies of other subjects，such as math，reading and language，” lora bodmer，who works at namm，said.their studies show that music can also help people form friendships and connect with different groups.nimmons says anyone can join in on the day，not just those who are musically gifted.“i think that we all have the music in us，and its a matter of confidence，” she said.“sing with other people or beat drums，just enjoy the music.”participants can turn on the radio to join the fun.each year a song is assigned to music monday.this year the song is “tomorrow is coming” by luke doucet.the canadian broadcasting corporation(cbc) will be playing the tune at 1 pm. eastern time.people across north america will play or sing the song at the exact same time.the performance is meant to connect people through melody(旋律)more than 700,000 students took part in the concert last year.schools，afterschool programs，organizations，groups and