英语中考专项训练与讲解-非谓语动词1.doc

动词主要用作谓语，但通过形式变化，也可以做主语、宾语、表语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等，统称为非谓语形式。非谓语形式主要有两种：to do (动词不定式)，doing(动名词或现在分词)。一、动词不定式: to do 动词不定式由“to + 动词原型”构成，to有时可以省略，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，做主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等成分。 1 动词不定时的否定形式： not to do She decided not to be late again. The teacher told us not to talk again. 2 动词不定式的逻辑主语： for sb. to do Its time for the students to go home. Its important for us to learn English well. 3 动词不定式与特殊疑问词连用 I dont know what to do next. Could you tell me how to get to the post office? 4 动词不定式省略to 的情况 在一感(feel), 二听(hear, listen to), 三使( make, let, have), 四看(see, look at, watch, notice)等词后，可接省略to 的不定式做宾补。 Mother let me go home earlier today. I saw Tom enter the teachers office just now. Why 引导的简短疑问句 Why worry about it? Why not go there by bike? 避免重复 I really dont know what to do or say. 5 动词不定式在句中的作用 作主语： To save time is to lengthen life. Its my dream to go to university. 作表语： My job is to teach English. 作宾语： I want to to a doctor. I wish to go to the moon one day. 作宾语补足语： I like you to do it this way. Please ask Tom to call me back. 作定语： Would you like something to eat? He is looking for a room to live in? 作状语： He sat down to have a rest. (目的)They went there to visit their theacher.(目的) I am glad to see you. (原因) Im sorry to hear that your mother is ill. (原因) He is old enough to go to school. (程度) I was too excited too say a word. (程度)二、动词的-ing 形式： doing 动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式一样，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等成分。 作主语： Saving time is to lengthen life. Reading is important in learning English. 作表语： My job is teaching English. 作宾语： I enjoy listening to pop music. Please stop talking! 作宾语补足语：We saw him climbing a tree. I heard him singing a song.针对性练习1 Many business men enjoy _ golf and tennis. A. to play B. playing C. play2 Mother asks me _ computer games before finishing my homework. A. not play B. to play C. not to play D. to not play3 - We have woked for three hours. - Now lets stop _ a rest. A. had B. have C. to have D. having4. The bag is too heavy for me _ A. to carry it B. not to carry it C. to carry D. not to carry5. She asked him _ her up at six o clock in the morning, A. wake B. to wake C. waking D. woken6. He hasnt decided _ for a holiday. A. to go where B. where to go C. why to go D. if to go7. The old man told the children _ noisy. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be8. His bag fell off his bike. He stopped _ it up. A. pick B. picks C. picked D. to pick9. My mother used to tell me _ in bed, A. not read B. not to read C. didnt read D. dont read10. There is going _ an English party this evening in our school. A. to be B. to have C. to has11. The headmaster asked the pupils too late on weekdays. A. not get up B. not to get up C. dont get up D. to not get up12. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered13. He is too old _ the box. A. to carry B. carrying C. carry D. carries14. Remember _ your homework here tomorrow. A. to bring B. to take C. bring D. take15. The baby is crying harder and harder. Could you let her _? A. stop crying B. stop to cry C. go on crying D. go on to cry16. -Whats the time, please? -Its nearly seven o clock. Its time _ to school. A. go B. going C. goes D. to go17. They decided _ at the end of this month. A. to leave B. going back C. travel18. -Lets have a rest, shall we? -Not now. I dont want to stop _ the letter yet. A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write19. I have to go now. Please remember to _ the lights when you leave. A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on20. Dont let the students all the time. Tell them_ a rest sometimes. A. study; have B. study; to have C. to study; to have D. to study; have21. Its cold outside. Youd better your coat. A. to put on B. to wear C. put on D. take off22. Its time _ home. A. to go B. to go to C. go to23. Its going to rain. Youd better _ there. A. not to go B. not go C. dont go24. -Would you please _ it again? -Sorry, I wont. A. not do B. dont do C. not to do D. to not do25. Mrs Lin told the student any noise in the library. A. makes B. to make C. not to make D. not make26. Can you tell me the English-Chinese dictionary? A. how to use B. to use how C. how use D. how uses27. You must be very tired. Why not _ a rest? A. to stop to have B. to stop having C. stop to have D. stop having28. Bills mother often tells him_ spend too much time playing computer games. A. not to B. to not C. dont D. doesnt29. -There is a ticket on the floor, is it yours? -Oh, yes, its mine.-Let me for you. A. to pick up it B. to pick it up C. pick up it D. pick it up30. -What did he say to you? -He wanted me _ him up after lunch. A. ring B. rings C. rang D. to ring31. My mother often asks me _ early. A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up32. Look! How heavy the rain is! Youd better_. A. dont go now B. stay here when it stops C. not leave until it stops D. not to leave at once33. Tom, please help me _ the picture on the wall. A. put up B. put on C. put off D. put into20102011学年中考英语专项练习之非谓语动词非谓语动词指在句中不充当谓语的动词，它不受主语的限制，但有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词包括三种形式：分词、动词-ing形式和动词不定式。【练习】. 单项选择( ) 1. Would you like to have dinner with me? Sorry, I have a lot of housework . A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done( ) 2. I tried to make Kate her mind, but I found it hard. Well, I saw you that when I went past. A. changes; do B. changes; doing C. to change; do D. change; doing( ) 3. Oh, I had a terrible toothache. Youd better see a doctor and have your bad teeth out. A. go to; pulling B. to go to; pulled C. go to; pulled D. to go to; pulling( ) 4. Mr Wang, I have trouble the text. Remember it three times before you begin to understand it. A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read( ) 5. Dont worry. We will do anything we can you. A. help B. to help C. be helped D. helped( ) 6. Did you let anyone the flowers? Yes, I had the flowers . A. to water; water B. to water; watered C. water; to be watered D. water; watered( ) 7. Would you mind me a favour? A. do B. to do C. doing D. did( ) 8. Why not the Music Club? Sorry, I cant sing or dance. A. to join B. join C. joining D. join in( ) 9. No matter how hard it is, well keep until we make it. A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying( )10. What happened to the boy? He tried my questions. A. to avoid answering B. avoiding answering C. to avoid to answer D. avoiding to answer( )11. We couldnt help when Uncle Wang told us the news. A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh( )12. What should I do, doctor? healthy, you should take more exercise. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Having kept( ) 13. It took my daughter two weeks the novels by Liu Yong. A. read; written B. to read; written C. reading; to write D. to read; wrote( )14. Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise? Sure. Now let me tell you first. A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do( )15. When class begins, we stop to the teacher carefully. A. listening B. to listen C. listens D. listen. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Im very glad (hear) that great changes have taken place in the past 30 years in our home town.2. He was made (finish) a lot of work during the holiday.3. Youd better (not take) the trousers away. Try them on first.4. Now all the students are very busy (get) ready for the coming exam.5. Has the doctor allowed her (get) out of bed?6. I feel like (give) up Maths because its hard to learn.7. Thats the end of the programme. Thanks for (listen).8. (do) morning exercises is good for our health.9. We are looking forward to (meet) a new classmate from America.10. Its very kind of you (tell) me about it.11. Hi, Mr Wang, could you help me (work) out the problem? OK, let me try.12. I dont think it easy for her (finish) the work in two days.13. The doctor advised me (not eat) too much candy.14. Look! There is a pet dog (lie) on the ground. Lets go and play with it.15. If you want to be healthy, you are supposed to give up (smoke).【指点】分 词分词分现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+-ing”形式构成，过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”，但也有不规则形式。现在分词和过去分词的区别：现在分词表示主动、进行之意，过去分词有被动、完成之意。动词-ing形式常接动词-ing形式的动词（短语）：完成实践值得忙（finish, practise, be worth, be busy）继续习惯别放弃（keep on, be used to, give up）考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like）喜欢错过要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）动词不定式一、基本形式： to +动词原形，如to walk。 否定形式： not+基本形式（短语），如not to watch TV。当我们需要表明动词不定式中的这个动作是谁发出时，我们可以用带逻辑主语的不定式： for sb. + 基本形式（短语），如for us to finish the work。此外还有一种形式，即带疑问词的动词不定式：疑问词+基本形式（短语），如what to do。注意： 1. 作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：To learn English well is not easy.2. 如果主语较长，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式放在谓语之后，常用结构为it is + adj. + (for / of sb. / sth.) + to do sth. 如：Its important for us to learn English well.二、动词不定式常用于以下这些动词之后：1. 不定式作宾语用于：“要想做，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量做。”A. 要求、想要、希望 (want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean)B. 同意 (agree, promise)C. 意愿 (care, hate, refuse)D. 决定，企图 (decide, offer, attempt, try, manage)2. 不定式作宾语补足语用于：劝教命请叫 (advise, teach, order, ask, tell)允许又警告 (allow, permit, warn)三、有些动词后需接省略to的动词不定式。一感一助一最好，二听二请二为什么不，三使四看半帮助，无to不定式记心中。说明：一感：feel（感觉）；一助：即助动词do，does，did，will / shall，包括情态动词can，may，must等，但不包括现在完成时中的have / has；一最好：had better；二听： listen to，hear；二请：副词please后， will you please ；二为什么不： why not， why dont you ；三使： make, let, have；四看： look at, see, watch, notice; 半帮助： help后可加to也可不加to。注意： 一感、二听、三使、四看在主动语态中省略to，但在被动语态当中to不能省略。四、有些动词后面既可接动词不定式，又可接动词-ing形式。hear