山东省胶南市大场镇中心中学九年级英语全册 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of导学案（无答案）（新版）人教新目标版.docVIP

unit 5 what are the shirts made of 一般现在时态的被动一、概念理解：1. 时态：在英语语言中，时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。 如：he often helps me with my english. 他经常帮助我学英语。（help这个动作经常发生often；故用一般现在时）英语中常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。2. 语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态；如：the most people in the world speak chinese. （主语the most people是谓语动词speak的发出者）。 主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词 用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成如： chinese is spoken by the most people in the world（主语chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者）。2. 语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，如： tom looked after his sister at home.（此句为一般过去时的主动语态结构） tomsister was looked after by tom. （此句为一般过去时的被动语态结构）说明：我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。二、被动语态最基本的句型结构是： be +及物动词过去分词 +by.说明：、be 随时态和人称的变化而变化。、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。三、被 动 语 态 的 使 用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。 “mr. white, the cup was broken after class. ”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。 2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。如：the cup was broken by paul. 3. 如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。 四、主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。 3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。 主动语态： 主语+ 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分 被动语态： 主语+ be +过去分词 + by +宾语 +其他成分 如： many people speak english.被动语态 english is spoken by many people.口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。五、一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +done如： tea is grown in hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶the room every day. you can live in now. a. cleans b. is cleaning c. is cleaned d. has cleaned【解析】 根据句意“房间每天都打扫，你现在可以居住了”，可知，房间是每天被打扫，所以要用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案c。巩固练习：一、单项选择（ ）1usually computers _ to search the internet.a. useb. are usingc. are used（ ）2trees and flowers _ every year to make our country more beautiful.a. cleanb. cleansc. are cleaned（ ）3today chinese _ by more and more people around the world.a.speakb.is spokenc.are spoken（ ）4make sure all the lights _ when you leave the room.ok, i will.a.turn offb. are turned offc. are turned on（ ）5the baby _by his grandma.a. is looked afterb. are looked afterd. look after二、用动词的正确形式填空1) the great wall _ (know) all over the world.2) a storm _ often _ (follow) by a calm.3) some newspapers _ (publish) once a week.4) english is very popular. it _ widely _ (use) in many fields.5) the modern world _ still _ (influence) by his thoughts about life, education and so on.三、改为被动语态1、our school holds a sports meeting every year. 2、hecleanstheroomeverysunday.3、peopleinenglandspeakenglish4、shedoesntfinishherhomeworksectiona教学目标: 掌握本课单词和短语be made of be made in；了解一般现在时态被动语态的结构和用法；归纳和掌握make 构成的短语。教学重点、难点: 熟练掌握be made of ； be made in 的运用。掌握句子：what is it made of ? its made of used wood and glass。 who is it made by? its made by university students课前练习：用所给动词的正确形式填空，每空一词1.the apples_ (send) to the factory for processing.2. we are all ready but tom_ (pack) his clothes yet.3. the windows of the room _ (clean)every day.4. the best cotton _ (produce) in xing jiang in china.5. the song _ (not like) by most of us. 知识讲解1、be made of. 由制（构）成。后接构成某物质的原料。this skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。【横向辐射】be made of/from/up of的区别1）. be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。【例句】：the kite is made of paper风筝是用纸做的。 2.） be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化 学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。【例句】the paper is made from wood纸是木头做的。 butter is made from milk黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。3.） be made up of 用构成或组成的。指人、物皆可，指结构成分【例句】our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。4）、be made in 地点 意为“在（地方）制成”； 5）、be made by 意为“被（某人）制成【课堂变式】活学活用(1) 这个飞机模型是用木头做的。the model plane _ _ _wood. (2)葡萄酒是由葡萄酿成的。wine _ _ _ grapes.(3) 这些汽车是在上海制造的。these cars _ _ _ shanghai.(4)这些蛋糕是我姐姐昨晚制作的。these cakes _ _ _ my sister last night. 2、 produce v. 生产，制造;也可做名词，意思是：产品；产量；产额； 【备课例句】 they produce all kinds of toys in this factory.他们在这个工厂里生产各种各样的玩具。【横向辐射】produce、make和grow的用法1. produce可以表示生产汽车、机器通过制造而获得的产品 【例句】producecars/planes生产汽车、飞机也可以表示生产粮食蔬菜、通过种植而获得的产品 【例句】theyproducewheatandrice.他们生产小麦、稻谷。 2. make制造 主要指制造工业品；如：makecars/planes制造汽车、飞机； 不能表示通过种植而获得的产品， 不能说makericeandwheat 3. grow种植、栽培；主要指庄稼，农产品；【例句】theygrowwheatandriceeveryyear. 他们每年种小麦水稻。【课堂变式】many of us knows how to _tea, but few knows where tea trees are_. a. make, made b. grow, grown c. produce, made d. make, grown【解析】根据题意可知，第一空“是怎样泡茶”make tea ；第二空是“种茶树”grow tea trees; 故答案选择d。3、.it seems that many people all over the world drink chinese tea. 好像全世界的许多人都在喝中国茶。句型“it seems that”意为“看起来好像/似乎”，其中seem是连系动词，意为“似乎；好像”，句型中的it是形式主语，不能用其他代词来替代。【备课例句】it seems that he was late for the train. 看来他没赶上火车。【横向辐射】seem的几种常见结构1. seem to do sth，此句型可与“it seems that”转换。【例句】they seem to find the way to the cinema. =it seems that they find the way to the cinema. 他们似乎找到了去电影院的路了。2. seem+形容词。my temperature seems (to be) all right. 我的体温看上去正常了。3. seem+名词。【例句】that seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不错。【课堂变式】看起来他在考试前一点都不紧张。_ that he was not a bit nervous before the exams. 【解析】用“it seems that”结构，再由was确定seem要用过去式。正确答案是it seemed。4、for example,anxi and hangzhou are widely known for their tea.比如，安溪和杭州因茶叶而广为人知。 be known for 因。而著名，相当于be famous for易混辨析：be famous for与be famous as 这两个短语都是“因。而著名”的意思，但它们在含义和用法上有区别：当主语是表示人的名词时，be famous for表示“以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而出名”，be famous as则表示“以某身份而出名”。 einstein was famous for his theory of relativity. einstein was famous as a great scientist.5、英语中表示“花费”的表达（1）sb spend 时间/金钱on sth /sb spend时间/金钱 (in) doing sth（2）sb. pay money for sth （3）sth. cost (sb.) +money (注意：cost的主语一定是物，过去式是cost。)（4）it takes/took sb. some time to do sth巩固练习：1. they spend too much time_ the report. a. writing b. to write c. on writing d. write 2. -what beautiful shoes youre wearing! they must be expensive -no，they only_l0 yuan aspent btook cpaid dcost 3. -will you please_for my dinner peter? -sure! a. spend b. pay c. cost d.take 4. it will _me too much time to read this book. a. take b. cost c. spend d.pay 5.完成那项工作花了他半个小时。it _ _ half an hour to finish the work. 6.how much does the ticket _ from shanghai to beijing?acostbtook cspend dpay7.i enjoy playing computer games, but i cant _ too much time _ that.atake; doing bspend; doing cspend; for doing dtake; to do课后练习：写出动词的过去式和过去分词1.show_ _ 2.shut _ _ 3.sing_ _4.sit_ _ 5.sleep_ _ 6.smell_ _ 7.speak_ _8.spell _ _ sectionb 一、重点短语1. special forms of traditional art 独特的传统艺术形式2、from paper to clay to bamboo 3、turn into使变成4. objects of beauty 美丽的物5. according to chinese history 根据中国历史 6. send out 释放 7、 in trouble 8. be covered with 被覆盖 9、 as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.10. sky lanterns 天灯 ，孔明灯 11. paper cutting 剪纸 12.a chinese fairy tale 中国童话故事 13. fire at a very high heat 在高温下烧烤14、add to加到二、重点句子1. the most common things are turned into objects of beauty.这些最普通的东西都被变成美的物体。2.sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations.天灯用于节日和其它庆祝活动。3. they are made of bamboo and covered with paper.他们是由竹子制成并在外面糊上纸。4.they are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.他们被看作幸福和美好愿望的美丽象征。 5. paper cutting has been around for over 10500 years. 前线已有1.500多年的历史了。6. the red paper is folded before it is cut with scissors.红纸在用剪刀裁剪之前，要被折叠。7. the pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry。这些陶片被小心地用一种特别的黏土手工成形然后凉干。三、讲解turn into （使）变成turn into = change intoturn 的常见短语：turn up 调高 ； urn down 调低；turn on 打；turn off 关掉turn to 转向；翻到(某页) ；求教于； turn around 环顾四周（ ）the boy is sleeping. please _ the radio. a. turn up b. turn down c. turn on（ ） its getting dark. please _ the light. a. turn on b. turn off c. turn down d. turn around（ ）please _ page 54 and read lesson twelve.a. turn to b. turn into c. turn in d. turn on 练习：一、写出动词的过去式和过去分词1.rise _ _ 2.run _ _3.say _ _ 4.see _ _ 5sell _ _ 6.send_ _ 7.set_8.shake_ 9.shine_ _ 10. shoot_ _ 二、选择( ) 1. english _ in canada. a. speaks b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is spoken( ) 2.this english song _ by the girls after class . a. often sings b. often sang c. is often sang d. is often sung( ) 3.this kind of car _ in japan . a.makes b. made c. is making d. is made( ) 4.new computers _ all over the world. a.is used b. are using c. are used d. have used（ ）5、the old man is good _swimming, and even now he often swims across tuojiang river after supper.aover bthrough cto dat()6.your sweater looks nice.is it made of wool?yes, and its made _ shanghai.abybin cfor dfrom()7.sanya is famous _ its beautiful beaches.aof bfor cas dfrom()8._ happens, ill stand by you.aso bbut cor dno matter what()9.my parents dont allow me to _ out at night.awent bgoing cgo dgoes()10.i have some good friends, _ dogs, cats and toys.aas for bsuch as cfor example dsuddenly()11.miss taylor never wastes money on anything too expensive, even though she can _ to.she has donated much of the money she saved to charities.aallow bremind cafford dtake()12.when you are _， i will help you.ain trouble bin help cwith trouble din hope()13.the whole city is _ fog.acover with bcovered withccover dcovered()14.how do you study for a test?_ working with friends.aby bwith con dat ()15.the sweater is not the right _ for me.well, shall i get you a bigger one or a smaller one?aprice bcolor csize dmaterial()16.ive got several novels written by mo yan.you can borrow _ if you like.ait bone cevery deither()17.i like to read english in the garden because the flow