云南省楚雄市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专练3.doc

阅读理解专练（3）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。book reviews can be a great foot in the door if youre looking to get your writing published somewhere. most magazines, whether online or print, will include book reviews about books that tackle the topics the magazine discusses. also, most editors and staff writers are usually too busy to read books and review them themselves (unless they are specifically assigned to a book review column). therefore, writing book reviews can be a great way to get started with a writing career.many people that are reading your review may not know anything about the book youre reviewing. instead of making them go find information on their own by searching for the book title, start out with a little description of the book. make sure you avoid too long of a summary, though, because if too much of your article is a summary of the book, it wont be interesting. start with a short paragraph or so that hits all the major points but doesnt give too much away. you dont want to tell your reader everything about the book, because then they wont have to read it at all. just give enough information so your reader is interested in reading the book.some magazines like to publish book reviews that are completely objective（客观的）. this means that they want a review of the book that doesnt share your opinion and that in which your opinion isnt obvious from reading what you wrote. if you hated a book, it might not be a great book to review. you probably want to review books that you enjoyed. this will give your review a positive spin. avoid gushing about how much you loved the book, however. you should not include your personal reaction to the book until the very end, where you include a sentence or two about whether or not you would recommend a book and to whom you would recommend it.a great way to get your review noticed is to look at a book through a specific lens. read the book as a feminist（女权主义者） would, for example, and talk about what a feminist might say to applaud or criticize the book. you can choose any number of lenses, and feminism is just one option. an economic lens, a family lens, the lens of a different nationality, or the lens of a child could all be interesting ways to look at a book. if you look at a book in this way, instead of just reading it and forming your own opinion, it will be much more interesting and marketable. this is especially the case if you look at a lens that relates to the subject of the magazine to which you are submitting. feminist magazines love book reviews about books read through a feminist lens, for example, because it pertains to their readership.another great way to write a book review is to talk about the writers style. anyone can pick up a book and read for the plot, but it takes an experienced writer to note interesting things about another writers style and write about them intelligently.1. whats the first paragraph mainly about?a. standards of good book reviews. b. benefits of writing book reviews.c. ways to get your writing published. d. topics usually discussed in magazines.2. which of the following is a characteristic of a good book review?a. including much information on a major point of the book.b. stating clearly the writers opinion of the book.c. giving a brief summary of the book.d. avoiding describing the book.3. the fourth paragraph is developed mainly by.a. giving examplesb. telling personal experiencesc. making comparisonsd. analyzing causes4. according to the text, only a skilled writer can.a. look at a book through a specific angle b. give an objective description of a bookc. find a book and understand its plot easily d. pay close attention to another writers style【参考答案】14、bcad阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。humpback whaleshumpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean. this is because they can make impressive movements when they dive. the name “humpback”, which is the common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whales back forms as it dives.sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement known as a breach. during breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body not of the water in a giant leap. a breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach.a humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of head. it blows a double stream of water that can rise up to 4 meters above the water.the humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back. other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the body length, and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes. these markings are like fingerprints:no two are the same.humpback whales live in large groups. they communicate with each other through complex “songs”.quick factssize:14m18m in length;3050 tons in weightlivingenvironment:open ocean and shallow coastline watersmigration:from warm tropical(热带的)waters, where they breed, to cold polar waters, where they eatdiet:shellfish, plants and fish of small sizehunting:sometimes in groups, in which several whales form a circle under the water, blowing bubbles that form a “net” around a school of fish. the fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass.currentstate:endangered:it is estimated that there are about 50007500 humpback whales worldwide.1. according to quick facts, a humpback whale.a. cannot survive in waters near the shore b. doesnt live in the same waters all the timec. lives mainly on underwater plants d. prefers to work alone when hunting food2. to make a breach, a humpback whale must.a. use its tail flukes to leap out of the water b. twist its body sideways to jump highc. blow two streams of water d. communicate with a group of humpbacks3. from the passage we can learn that a humpback whale.a. has its unique markings on its tail flukes b. has black and white fingerprintsc. gets its name from the way it hunts d. is a great performer due to its songs【参考答案】1-3 baaasmog has affected beijing for at least a week and the great hall of the people, where lawmakers will meet next week for the countrys parliamentary session（人大会议）, is hardly visible. much of north and central china, or one-seventh of the country, was covered in it over the weekend. responses have included reduced industrial activities, a ban on fireworks and barbecues, raised pollution alerts and reduced vehicles travelling on the roads. citizens are advised to stay indoors while schools have either stopped classes or suspended outdoor activities. and chinese officials, after a long period of prioritizing economic development over environmental protection, are now likely to see their future career shaped by how effectively they handle the serious pollution.“even as a foreigner, i know the pollution has a lot to do with too much focus on economic indicators（指标）in evaluating chinese officials,” said florian kessler, an executive（执行的）director with german law firm wzr consulting. the german executive speaks fluent chinese, loves beijing food and is a big fan of beijing guoan football club, but after staying in the city for eight years, he now wants to leave. “since i smoke, im okay with the pollution, but i cant let my kid breathe in the polluted air. thats why im leaving,” kessler explained. he also said that german companies operating in beijing, such as bmw, benz and volkswagen, have all had a hard time finding staff willing to work here. china has repeated in the past that we would not follow the old path of industrialized nations to develop first and deal with pollution afterward. but the smog is an awkward reminder that our country is already on that path. whether we can change route depends on the choice chinese officials make between environment and growth in the years ahead.21. these are the reasons for smog except _.a. industrial activities b. fireworks c. outdoor activities d. vehicles22. florian kessler considered the pollution had much to do with _.a. citizens b. chinese government c. schools d. smokers23. why do those german companies mentioned in the passage have a hard time? a. because it is hard for them to find staff who like working here. b. because they have kids. c. because they lack money. d. because chinese officials dont like them.24. which statement below is not true according to the passage? a. smog has affected much of north and central china over the weekend. b. due to smog, schools must stop classes. c. chinese officials didnt pay enough attention to the environment protection. d. like many other nations, china has to deal with pollution, too.25. whats the authors purpose to write this passage? a. to announce that smog has stayed in beijing for more than a week. b. to state the responses of the people c. to state the tips of surviving smog. d. to appeal to the chinese government to protect the environment.参考答案21-25 cbabd b as young chinese increasingly forget how to write characters because they dont have to, using keyboards and touch screen technology on mobile phones is changing the trend. for yin liang, a 26-year-old purchasing agent at a company, his embarrassment over forgetting how to write characters has gradually disappeared since he started to use the handwriting input method on his iphone 4 a month ago. “when you write on the touch screen, you use your finger, instead of a mouse or keyboard,” yin says. “actually, your finger is like a pen, writing the complicated characters that have long been spelled by pinyin, an alphabet-based input system. whether typing on computers or texting on phones, most users in china type by phonetically （按照发音地）spelling out the sounds of the characters and the software then gives a menu of characters that fit the pronunciation, so users only need to recognize the character.handwriting technology on a mobile phone touch screen has been around for years and became popular with the iphone, which recognizes the input and offers a wide selection of characters.“its efficient and accurate,” yin says. chinese characters are the oldest continuously used system of writing in the world, but as pinyin-based typing has become more widespread, youths have started forgetting how to write out characters. this was one of the main topics for debate at the first cross-straits chinese character art festival, held recently in beijing, which attracted experts from taiwan and the mainland. according to zhang zikang, president of the culture and art publishing house, writing with a pen on the touch screen brings handwriting into the digital age. it is even better when you write with your finger, feeling the flow of the cursive script（草写体）and the grace and art of chinese characters, he says.“smart gadgets（小装置）dont take life from the square-shaped characters, instead they offer a new and advanced platform to show the charm of chinese characters, which are always evolving,” zhang says.26. which way is not mentioned in the passage to input characters on the phone? a. taking pictures. b. using a kind of alphabet-based input system. c. spelling out the sounds of the characters. d. using their fingers as pens to write.27. the passage probably can be seen in a _. a. novel b. science fiction c. magazine d. fairy tale28. what does “one of the main topics for debate” in paragraph 7 refer to? a. chinese character b. chinese traditional art c. iphone used by youths d. youths forgetting how to write out characters.29. what will happen to characters as smart gadgets appear? a. the writing of characters will be not important. b. characters will disappear sooner or later.c. characters can be only written with your finger. d. characters will be still attractive by evolving.参考答案、26-29 acdd c who won chinas first gold medal at the 2014 sochi winter olympics? it was li jianrou. the 27-year-old finished first in the womens 500m short track speed skating on feb 13. the race was full of drama. three athletes fell over because of an accident caused by elise christie of britain in the second turn and li became the surprise winner. three-time defending champion wang meng of china missed the olympics after breaking her ankle last month. li had little experience in the race, where getting off to a quick start is important. but she kept her cool while everyone else was falling around her. “i feel very lucky,” li said through a translator. she and one of her coaches cried tears of joy after china joined south korea as the only countries to win the same short track event four olympics in a row. the koreans won the 3,000 relay in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006. “i cried because i was so excited,” li said. “my coach told me this medal is for wang meng as well, so i felt very moved.”lis victory made up for the surprising fall of teammate fan kexin in the semifinals. in the semis, fan didnt even complete the first lap of the race, catching her left blade（冰刀）as she skated near the front. she crashed on all fours into the crew of workers who maintain the ice between races. they climbed onto the top of the pads to avoid being injured by fans long, sharp blades. arianna fontana of italy took the silver and park seung-hi of south korea earned the bronze.30. who made a mistake causing three athletes to fall over in the final? a. li jianrou b. elise christie c. arianna fontana d. fan kexin31. which country won the womens 500m short track event 4 olympics in a row as well as china? a. italy b. japan c. britain d. south korea32. which statement below is tree according to the passage? a. li jianrou won chinas first gold medal at winter olympics. b. wang meng missed the olympics because of an injury. c. fan kexin was injured by long, sharp blades. d. south korea ranked second in the event.参考答案30、b31-32、db dthe british museumdescription: the british museum is a museum in london, which is one of the worlds greatest museums of human history and culture. its collections, which number more than 13 million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present.the british museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist sir hans sloane. the museum first opened to the public on 15 january 1759 in montagu house in bloomsbury, on the site of the current museum building. its expansion over the followi