高三英语暑假一轮复习 基础知识自测 Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero课件 新人教版必修1.ppt

unit5 基础知知识自测 一 单词拼写根据读音 词性和词义写出下列单词 1 5kwcliti n 品质 性质2 ri5pqblik n 共和国 共和政体3 5prinsepl n 原则 原理4 5nafenelizem n 民族主义 国家主义5 5pi sful adj 平静的 安静的6 5pieried n 时期 周期7 ed5vaiz vt 劝告 忠告8 ken5tinju v 继续9 ju w n 青年 青年时期10 vejt vt 投票 选举 quality republic principle nationalism peaceful period advise continue youth vote 11 steidv n 舞台 阶段12 pe5zifen n 职位 位置13 5vaielens n 暴力 暴行14 5i kwel adj 相等的 平等的15 5edju keitid adj 受过教育的 有教养的16 5kru elti n 残忍 残酷17 5kriminl n 罪犯 犯罪者18 5prezident n 总统 会长19 5sentens vt 判决 宣判20 5tere n 恐怖 恐怖活动 stage position violence equal educated cruelty criminal president sentence terror 二 单词运用根据句子的结构和意义 在空格处填入一个恰当的单词 或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1 withthe inhim weconsiderhimagreatperson 2 thet ofthecriminalsintibetcausedgreattroubletothe lifeofthenativetibetans 3 theprofessor theterroristsbes todeathtogivetheothersawarning 4 thelittlegirlsperformedwonderfullyonthe astheteachersexpected 5 onlyafewpeoplehadthechancesto fortheposition mostpeoplefeltsorry bevoted qualities errors advise stage entenced peaceful 6 hisremarksdidv tothetruth whichmadechinesepeopleveryangry 7 equalwork equalpay isalwayshis asachiefmanager 8 noe peoplewillbehavethatway statedtheheadmasterangrily 9 wearecleareraboutterrorists c throughtheirv totheshops thepeopleandthesoldiers 10 themid agedmanintheend herashislifelongcompanion educated violence principle crueltyviolences accepted 三 词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1 heis tomajorinmedicineagainsthisparents will 2 nowthat speaklouderthanwords whynottakean partinit act 3 youhaveyour buti togohikingintheforest choose 4 wesufferedalotfromthe rainthesedays continue 5 theprogramonfree willbenefitalotofpeopleintheruralareas educate willingwill actionsactive choicehavechosen continuous education 6 thesoldierdied forthe oftheworld peace 7 thevisitorswere atthe ofthe intebit terror 8 themiddleschoolstudentsjoinedthe leaguelastweek young 9 thecoloredpeoplearestillcallingforthe equal 10 thesenseof overspread whichcausedgreatdisorderinthestreets nation peacefullypeace terrorists terrified terrors youth equality nationalism 四 词组互译将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语 1 与 相处很好2 愿意做 事情3 丧失信心4 失业5 事实上6 将 关进监狱7 当权 上台8 被判处 徒刑9 处于不幸之中 getonwellwith bewillingtodosomething loseheart outofwork asamatteroffact put inprison cometopower besentencedto introuble 10 bejealousof 11 blowup 12 beworriedabout 13 answerviolencewithviolence 14 giveup for 15 put inaposition 16 stopsomebodyfromdoingsomething 嫉妒 使充气 爆炸 对 着急 以暴制暴 为 而放弃 将 关入监狱 阻止 使不能 五 词组填空根据句子提供的语境 从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空 1 theearningscan tmeettheneedsofthefamily forhe forsometime 2 nelsonmandelanever evenwhenhewasinprison 3 neverlaughatthose 4 ifyouwill itwillbeveryeasyforyouto withthem 5 nolanguageisveryeasytolearn keepup everythingwillbeok asamatteroffact hasbeenoutofwork gaveup introuble getonwellwith 6 peopleweregladtohearthattheterrorists death 7 isnothisprinciple itisbeyondourimagination 8 ifailedonceagain howi youreasysuccess 9 ifthenewly electedpresident everythingwillbechanged iamsure 10 theheavyrain catchingtheearlybus stoppedmefrom hadbeensentencedto answeringviolencewithviolence amjealousof comestopower 六 翻译填空根据汉语意思 从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组完成句子 1 我很愿意去北京为即将举行的奥运会当义工 i workasanunpaidhandfortheolympicgamestobeheldinbeijing 2 因为严重堵车 我没办法准时出席哪个会议 theheavytrafficjam themeetingontime 3 我们一直担心的事情终于发生了 whatwe hashappenedintheend 4 是坚持还是放弃 由你自己定 it suptoyoutodecidewhetherto orkeepup 5 看见气球爆了 小男孩还是忍不住哭起来 seeingtheballoon thelittleboycouldn tkeepbackhistears blowingup amwillingto stoppedmefromattending havebeenworriedabout giveup languagepoints diefor为某种事业或目的而死dieforone scountry thepeople thecause dieof死于内因diefrom死于外因diefromacaraccident 由于车祸而死dieby死于暴力 刀或剑等凶器diebythesword hanging bedyingfor极想得到 sheisdyingforacupofwater diethroughcarelessness因过失而死die down凋落 消失dieaway消失 渐渐远去 thesounddiedaway 声音渐渐远去 dieout绝种thiskindofanimalisdyingout hefoughtagainstthegermannazisandjapaneseinvadersduringworldwarii 二战时期他抵抗德国纳粹和日本侵略者 fight fought fought fightfor为 而战fightagainst与 作斗争wewillhavetofightagainstdifficulties theytoldtheworkerstofightfortheirrights hefoundedthefirstrepublicinchinain1911aftermanyyears fighting 经过多年斗争他于1911在中国创建了第一个共和国 found founded founded 建立 创建find found found thehospitalwasfoundedin1920 haveyoufoundyourmissingpen hestronglybelievedinthethreeprinciples nationalism people srights people slivelihood 他坚信三条原则 民族 民权 民生 believein信任 信仰doyoubelieveingod webelieveinourgovernment believesb believewhatsb says相信某人的话believeinsb 信任某人hebelievewhathesaidbecauseibelieveinhim donottalk in thatway in thisway youcanrememberthespelling don tstandinthe myway heisbetterinsomeway s hepickedapenonthewaytoschool inapeacefulway 以和平的方式 那样 这样 碍事 在某些方面 在往 的路上 hegaveuparichlifeforhisideasandfoughtforhiscountrytobefreefromtheukinapeacefulway 他为了他的思想而放弃了富裕生活 并且用和平方式为他的国家摆脱英国而进行了战斗 giveup表示主动放弃或屈服hehasdecidedtogiveupsmoking givein表示被动屈服或认输 后面不带宾语youcan twinthegame soyoumayaswellgivein freefrom摆脱 不好的东西 的 无 的keepthechildrenfreefromharm youshouldtrytowritesentencesfreefrommistakes hefoughtfortheblackpeopleandwasinprisonforalmostthirtyyears 他为黑人而战且坐过三十年监狱 beinprison在狱中 被监禁hehasbeeninprisonforfiveyears put inprison send toprison throw intoprison把 投入监狱thecarthieveshavebeenputinprison hewassenttoprisonfortenyears inprison 囚禁 besenttoprison 被送进监狱 beinprison 在监狱里 bethrownintoprison 被投入监狱 breakprison 越狱 prison表示蹲监狱时 其前不用冠词 throwsb intoprison send takesb toprison hehadbeeninprisonfor20years themanwasputinprisonforstealingacar anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbethrownintoprison theyallwenttotheprisontovisittheprisoners 类似 bed church class college hospital school university market thetimewhenifirstmetnelsonmandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife period期间 时期 学校的一节课 周期let sfinishthisperiodandhaveabreak aperiodofrotation自转周期thetimewhen其中when引起定语从句thiswasatimewhenyouhadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinjohannesburg doyoustillrememberthetimewhenwefirstmet thetime可用于引起时间状语从句 这时一般不加when irecognizedhimthetimeisawhim hecontinuedsleeping tosleepasifnothinghadhappened fee 服务费 酬金 如付予私人教师 医生等 paythelawyer sfees 付律师费 fare 公共汽车 轮船 出租车等的 费用 票价到伦敦的公共汽车费是多少 ex travelathalf full reduced 半价票旅行 abillforschool 学费帐单 whatisthebusfaretolondon fare fees worryabout beworriedabout iworryaboutyourhealth iamworriedaboutyourhealth iworriedaboutyourhealth iwasworriedaboutyourhealth 担心的神色aworriedlook don tbeworried takeiteasy outofwork job loseone sjob beunemployed 失业 没有工作 hismotherhasbeenoutofworkforhalfayear inwork有工作isherhusbandinwork outof意为 在 之外 向 外 表示失去 没有 用完 不再处于某种状况 反义词为into或in thelittleboyranoutoftheroom hetookmybooksoutofmyschoolbag don trunintotheroom canyouputyourraincoatinyourpocket outofbreath上气不接下气outofpatience不耐烦outofpetrol汽油用完了outofuse没用了outoforder出故障了outofcontrol失控了outofdanger脱离危险了outofsight看不见了 outoffashion不时兴outofdate过时outofrepair无法修葺outofsight outofmind 眼不见 心不烦 as as 主语 can could尽可能 尽量 as as possiblehewasrunningasfastashecould hewasrunningasfastaspossible youmustspeakenglishasoftenasyoucan youmustspeakenglish asoftenaspossible theydidtheexperimentascarefullyastheycould theydidtheexperiment trytomakeasfewmistakesasyoucan trytomake ascarefullyaspossible asfewmistakesaspossible wewereputinapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant orfightthegovernment 我们被置于这样一个境地 要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实 要么跟政府作斗争 inwhich引导定语从句 相当于where 但意义更准确 如 afterthreehours ride wecametothehouseinwhichhewasborn 乘车3个小时后我们来到了他出生的那所房子 thinkofaplacetowhichwecangofordinner 想一个我们可以去吃饭的地方 accept 接受 指的是主观上接受了receive 收到 指客观收到但不一定接受 我接受了他的邀请去参加晚会 iacceptedhisinvitationtotheparty 我收到了他的邀请 但我没有接受 ireceivedhisinvitation butididn taccept wewereputinapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant orfightthegovernment either or 两者之中 或 之一 youmaystayeitherinahotelorinaprivatehouse iwanttovisiteitherparisorlondon eitheryouoriamwrong eitheroftheboyslikessinging eitherdayisok either orneither nornotonly butalso therebe neither nor hehasneithermoneynorsocialposition neitherparentcareswhathappenstothechild neitheroftheboyslikestoplaysuchagame both and bothheandiarewrong bothoftheboyslikesinging thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall 过去三十年里出现了最多的法律来剥夺我们的权利 阻挡我们的进步 直到今天我们已经到了几乎没有任何权力的地步 see在此句意为 见证 目睹 在某段时期 发生 某情况 经历 经受 为某事发生之时 主语为时间thelastfewmonthshasseenmoreandmoretrafficaccidents thecityhasseenmanychanges 4 thepartsoftownwheretheylivedwereplacesdecidedbywhitepeople 他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的 decidedbywhitepeople作定语饰places whichweredecidedbywhitepeople被困在楼里的人们thepeopletrappedinthebuilding thepeoplewhoweretrappedinthebuilding 过去分词作定语修饰people 定语从句作定语修饰people onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence 只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对暴力 onlythen此处引起倒装句 当only修饰状语位于句首时 句子采用部分倒装的结构 onlybypracticingafewhourseverydaywillyoubeabletomasterenglish only修饰主语时 句子不倒装 onlyheknewhowtosolvetheproblem answer在本句中意为 对付 1 接 应 与door bell phone等连用 2 适应 需要等 3 answerback顶嘴那女孩喜欢顶嘴 iwillgoandanswerthephone theplanwillnotanswerourneeds thatgirllikesansweringback asamatteroffact idonotlikeviolence butin1936ihelpedhimblowupsomegovernmentbuildings 事实上我不喜欢暴力 但在1963年我帮他炸了一些政府大楼 asamatteroffact infactasamatteroffact idon tknowthetruth asamatteroffact infactfinallyweachievedourdream finallyourdream cametrue makeblackandwhitepeopleequalmake 宾语 宾补 名词 形容词 动词 wewillmakehimmonitor ourmathsteachermadeusinterestedinmaths thebossmadehimworkfourteenhoursaday achieveone sdreamofdoingsth butiwashappytohelpbecauseiknewitwastorealizeourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal 但是 我乐于帮忙 因为我知道 这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想 itwas 不定式 结构表示 按计划或安排将要做的事 该结构在此处相当于itwastimetodosth itwas time togetridofyourbadhabitofsmoking 该戒除你那抽烟的坏习惯了 beequalto等于 相当于i mnotequaltotheposition womendemandequalpayforequalwork youcannotimaginehowthesoundofthenameofrobbenislandmadeusafraid 你想象不到听到罗本岛这个名字令我们多么害怕 imaginen doingsth sb doing that canyouimaginelifewithoutelectricity idin timaginebecomingawriterinmychildhood ican timaginehermarryinghim imaginethatyouareabird languagepointsforreadingii 2 hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningwhenweshouldhavebeenasleep 在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们 shoulddo shouldhavedoneheshouldhavecomeearlier youshouldcomeearliertomorrow youshouldhavewrittentoyourmother myteachersaidishouldstudyharder ishouldhavestudiedharderwheniwasyoung shoulddo表示应该做 一般指现在或将来的动作 指过去的动作时应站在过去的角度 shouldhavedone表示本应该做而没有做的 站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情 asleep sleep sleepy ishestillsleeping yes heisfastasleep iwastoosleepytoheartheendofhertalk iusuallysleepsevenhoursaday asleep是表语形容词 意为 睡着的 sleep是动词或名词 意为 睡觉 sleepy是形容词 意为 打盹的 3 theywerenotclevererthanme buttheydidpasstheirexams 由于他们不如我聪明而又确实通过了考试didpass为强调结构 强调谓语动词时 在动词原行前加do does did dobecareful idohopeyouhaveamerrychristmas hedoesspeakenglishwell 4 ididnotworkagainfortwentyyearsuntilmrmandelaandtheancetopower comeintopower执政inpower当权 执政thingshavechangedalotsincehecametopower howlonghashebeeninpower 5 alltheterrorandfearofthattimecamebacktome terrorn 恐怖 可怕的人或事themurderwasaterrortothepeopleinthetown fearn 恐惧 可怕vt 恐惧 害怕 n todo that doyoufeardeath shefearstospeakinourpresence ifearthatwecan tprotectourselves forfearof forfearthat 担心heleftanhourearlierforfearofmissingthetrain sheworriedforfearthatthechildwouldbehurt 6 irememberedthebeatingsandthecrueltyoftheguardsandmyfriendswhohaddied beatingn 打 输theygavehimagoodbeating theygaveourteamquiteabeating beatn 敲击 跳动weheardthebeatofadrum canyouhearthebeatofmyheart 7 theysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewsouthafricangovernmentweremyrewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheblacks rewardn 报酬 奖金heworkedhardbutwithoutmuchreward inreward作为报酬shegotnothinginrewardforherkindness vt 酬谢 给以报答herewardedmewithaprize grammar revision 1 ishetheman wantstoseeyou 2 heistheman isawyesterday 3 theyrantohelptheman carhadbrokendown 4 thebook heiscarryingisabouttodrop notes 引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词 关系代词 who whom whose that which关系副词 when where why关系副词还相当于 介词 which 的结构 who that whom that whose which that 一 关系代词 who whom which that whose thisisthebesthotelinthecity iknow itb wherec thatd which2 yourteacherofchineseisayounglady comesfrombeijing a whob whichc whomd whose3 isthereanythingelse yourequire a whichb thatc whod what practice 4 what sthenameoftheman a youborrowedhiscarb whichcaryouborrowedc whosecaryouborrowedd hiscaryouborrowed5 theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork ithinkisawisechoice a whob thatc whatd which that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which iamsureshehassomething that youcanborrow i vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine thisisthefirstbook that hehasread thisistheverybooktha