高考英语 热门考点强化专练 阅读理解（八）（含解析）.docVIP

2013高考英语热门考点强化专练：阅读理解（八）（含解析）(1)in parts of africa, the sky is filled with a dark cloud. but this is no rain cloud. it is a living cloud made of billions of locusts that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.and in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in senegal, west africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. the radio station is in one of senegals worst affected regions.this is west africas biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. as they move, they breed, and increase their number and will soon threaten sudan in the northeast of africa. some say it could reach asia.experts say the great damage to crops in areas already suffering from food shortages and war could cause many people to go hungry. governments in the region are not well equipped to fight the pest.although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. “we are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster,” said mohamed abdallahi ould babah, director of locust control in mauritania.requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the crisis, the uns food and agriculture organization warned.1. the purpose of offering people rice for catching locusts in senegal is _.a. to get more people to eat rice so as to leave less for locustsb. to get more people involved in the war on the locustsc. to prevent more people from starvationd. to get more people to listen to the radio report on locusts2. which of the following is not the reason for west africans going hungry?a. locust disaster causes the great damage to crops.b. food supply is far from the need of the people.c. these regions are affected by the war.d. governments are unwilling to fight the pest.3. it can be concluded that, in order to end the locust disaster, _.a. leaders of 12 countries in west africa should call on their people to take actionb. insects experts should be sent to these regionsc. other countries outside africa should keep close watch on their own landsd. help from all over the world is in urgent demand4. what does the passage mainly talk about?a. food shortage in africa. b. international aid to africa.c. the insects attack on africa. d. terrible storm in africa.(2)after inventing dynamites(炸药), swedish-born alfred nobel became a very rich man. however, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind. originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony.nobels original legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $ 30,000 to $125,000.every year on december 10, the anniversary of nobels death, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented to the winners. sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges decision. americans have won numerous science awards, but relatively few literature prizes.no awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of world war ii. some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes. (from )5. what did the first award ceremony take place?a. 1895. b. 1901. c. 1962. d. 1968.6. the nobel prize was established to _.a. honor the inventor of dynamite b. recognize worthwhile contributions to humanityc. resolve political differences d. spend money7. in which area have americans received the most awards?a. literature. b. economics. c. peace. d. science.8. which of the following statement is not true?a. awards vary in money value.b. ceremonies are held on december 10 to commemorate nobels invention.c. politics can be of importance in selecting the winners.d. a few individuals have won two awards.(3)it is over 40 years since first atomic bomb was dropped on a major city in japan. yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come. much effort and human energy have been used to try to prevent such a terrifying thing from happening again. so far there is no guarantee that it will not. countries which already possess nuclear knowledge and resources have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth. but this is not all. other countries, which previously were not so advanced in technology, are gradually buying materials that can be used for making atomic devices. this nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations.the generation of electricity through nuclear power came directly from the original work on the atom bomb. because of the increase in demand for energy and the possibility of decreasing supplies of oil and natural gas, the interest in electricity has increased. one of the by-products of nuclear power stations is plutonium (钸) produced from unclear fuel: plutonium is ingredient (成分) in bomb-making. it means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.this brings the problem to a full circle again. how can something so valuable and useful be controlled so that it works for the benefit and not the destruction of man? (from )9. the effects of dropping the first atomic bomb _.a. are not over b. may go on forever c. could last much longer d. will not be over in the near future10. the writer says that enough atomic bombs have already been manufactured to _.a. wipe out japan b. last forever c. act as a peace-keeping device d. destroy all living things11. the advantage of less developed countries being able to make atomic devices is that it _.a. gives them more opportunities for work b. will help poor countries to become richerc. will enable them to make better explosives d. will be of great value to them12. the second paragraph tells us that the increased demand for electricity today _.a. has led to the decrease in supplies of oilb. means that more countries are interested in nuclear powerc. has increased the risk of accidental explosionsd. has increased the very means of producing more atomic bombs【答案与解析】1. b 推测题。根据第二段意义，广播电台向听众悬赏捕杀蝗虫。可推测出其目的是让更多的人参与到救灾行动中来。2. d 细节理解题。根据第四段意义：专家称一些地区本来就食品匮乏，并饱受战火之苦，而灾害给农作物产量造成的损失更是雪上加霜。许多人因此而挨饿。3. d 推理题。根据短文最后一段的意义：国际社会施以援手是抑制灾情的唯一方法。由此推理可得“国际援助迫在眉睫”。4. c 主旨题。根据短文第一段的描述及下文的阐发可看出本文的主题是“非洲西部的虫灾”。5. b 计算题。根据文中第一段最后一句“economics was added in 1968, just sixt