高考英语 夯实基础课后复习题21.doc

2014高考英语夯实基础课后复习题21.单词拼写1the twins are so alike that i am always _ (迷惑) by them.2each classroom in our school is _ (配备) with a computer, which is helpful to our study.3getting rid of _ (饥饿) is very important in african countries, because too many people have starved to death.4he _ (后悔) that he was careless and didnt pass the exam.5the method of _ (减少) the teaching cost has been discussed at the meeting.6please repeat. i havent entered your name and _ (职业) yet.7she became the _ (焦点) of attention immediately she turned up.8we have to _ (奋斗) to win our freedom.9iron will _ (膨胀) when heated.10women have gained the _ (自由) to decide whether or not to marry.答案：1.confused2.equipped3.hunger4.regretted5.reducing6.occupation7.focus8.struggle9.expand10freedom.完成句子1我宁愿他在这里。我需要他帮忙。i_ _that he_ _. i need his help.2我们必须想办法把房间里的蟑螂去掉。we must find ways to_the house_blackbeetles.3幸亏医生的及时救治，这个男孩得救了。_ _the doctors timely treatment, the boy was saved.4他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。they_ _ _the soil rich and free of diseases.5过度工作和过少休息会引起疾病。too much work and too little rest often_ _ _.答案：1.would rather；were here2.rid; of3.thanks to4.focus on keeping5.leads to diseases.单项填空1(2012临沂模拟)people believe that we _ a special ability to learn language and that our brain _ itself to the language we heard around us.aare prepared for; adjustsbare equipped for; adaptscare armed with; fitsdare equipped with; adjusts答案：d句意：人们认为我们具备特别的语言学习能力，并且我们的大脑也适应了我们所听到的周围的语言。be prepared for和be equipped for意为“为做好准备”，不符合句意；be armed with和be equipped with意为“用武装好自己；具备”，符合句意。adjust (oneself) to意为“(使)适应”。2we do not have enough money._， we cannot afford to buy the new car.ahoweverbanywayctherefore dthough答案：canyway表示让步；however和though表示转折；therefore表示因果，根据句意选c。句意：我们没有足够的钱，因此买不起这辆新车。3the children talked so loudly at dinner table that i had to struggle_.ato be heard bto have heardchearing dbeing heard答案：a句意：吃饭时孩子们谈话声那么大，我只好极力让人听到。struggle后通常接不定式构成struggle to do sth.，意为“极力做某事”；此处还要考虑被动语态的问题。4i regret_so much money on a car.aspent bto spendcto have spent dspending答案：dregret doing/having done“后悔做过某事”。句意：我后悔在一辆小汽车上花这么多钱。而regret to do则表示因要做某事而表示遗憾。5about 110 million people have moved to this city. the population is_as ten years ago.aas twice large btwice as largecas many twice dtwice as many答案：b考查倍数的表达法。句意：大约有1亿1千万人搬到这座城市，现在这座城市的人口是十年前的两倍。表示倍数时，其结构为“倍数asadj./adv.as.”；此处as ten years ago为省略句，补充完整为as it was ten years ago。6im very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually_.abuilding up bturning upccoming up dwaking up答案：abuild up“增加”。句意：看到你的词汇量在逐渐增长，我很高兴。turn up“出现”；come up“被提出，发生”；wake up“醒来”。7this photograph looks funny; i think you forgot to_the camera.aguide baimcdirect dfocus答案：dfocus“调焦距”。句意：这张照片看上去有些滑稽，我想你是忘了给照相机调焦距了。guide“指导”；aim“瞄准”；direct“指导”，都不符合句意。8this experienced editor is said to be able to_the mistakes to almost nil.areduce bincreasecequip dbattle答案：areduce“减少”。句意：据说这位经验丰富的编辑几乎能把错误降低到零。increase“增加”；equip“装备”；battle“战斗”。9the business has_from having one office to having twelve branches.aexpanded bexplodedccracked dburst答案：aexpand“扩大”。句意：这个公司已从一间办公室发展到拥有12个分公司了。crack“裂开，断裂，破裂”；explode“爆炸，爆破”，指用炸药；burst“胀破，胀裂”。10each time i came across failure, my father always used the mottoif your dream is big enough, the facts doesnt_to cheer me up.acost bcountcvalue dmean答案：bcount“有价值”。这是一句谚语，意思是：心中有梦想，风雨不折腰。字面意思是“只要我们的梦想足够大，事实并不重要”。cost“花费”；value“重视”；mean“意思是”。11according to the survey conducted by the website, speed_at least 30 percent of road traffic and deaths.acontributes to bresults fromclies in danswers for答案：a本题考查短语辨析。句意：根据网站进行的调查，超速至少造成了(contribute to)交通事故及死亡的30%。result from“是由引起的”；lie in“在于”；answer for“负责”，均不符合题意。12see if you can understand the following; _， you can look them up in the dictionary.aif any bif notcif needed dif possible答案：b句意：看看你是否明白了下面的意思，如果不懂，你可以在词典里查一下。if not相当于if you dont.表示“如果不”。13one day we will manage to_the world_this terrible diseasecancer.aget rid; of brefer; tocrid; of dtreat; to答案：c句意：终有一天我们能够从地球上消灭这种可怕的疾病癌症。rid.of.意为“使摆脱”。get rid of“去除”；refer.to.“把提交”；treat.to.“请(客)”。14did you say something rude to her because of what shed done?yes, but i_so.ahad better not dobwould rather not docoughtnt to dodwould rather not have done答案：d考查would rather句型。说话者是想表达“我宁愿没这么做”，所以用would rather not have done。15sports and games can_our bodies, keep us healthy and help us live a long life.abuild up bset upcput up dbring up答案：abuild up“增强”。句意：运动和游戏能强健我们的体魄，使我们保持健康，有助于延长我们的寿命。set up“树立，设立”；put up“搭起”；bring up“教育，培养”。.完形填空farming and gardeningagriculture has a long history in china. much of the wisdom_1_by early chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today. one of chinas early_2_scientists was jia sixie, who lived in the sixth century ad. he spent his time doing_3_into agriculture. he collected information, studied it, did experiments and learnt from the_4_of farmers.around 540 ad, he wrote a book called qimin yaoshu. the book is about both farming and_5_. it includes advice on the following_6_： growing green vegetables and fruit trees, keeping animals, and fish in lakes. there are also_7_for making wine. jia sixies book is a(n)_8_guide for farming. firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time of the year. if you sow seeds and_9_young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and_10_will be better. but if you_11_nature and do things at the wrong time of year, you will have to do more work and the results will not be so good. the_12_of the soil is also very important. examine the soil on your farm_13_. if the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it. before sowing or planting crops, you must clean rough ground and_14_ weeds. let sheep or cows walk on the land to_15_the weeds or eat them. the best harvest is reached when farmers_16_the crops in their fields. for example, do not plant rice _17_in the same field. but if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will_18_good crops. other scientists said that wheat should be planted with_19_ between the plants, but jia did experiments and _20_that planting wheat close together is better.文章大意：本文是议论和说明的结合。主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。1a. discovered b. recoveredc. reported d. repeated答案：a从词语和搭配考虑。此处只有discovered才能与wisdom搭配。2a. industrial b. agriculturalc. cultural d. article答案：b从常识方面考虑。jia sixie是我国古代的农业科学家，故选agricultural。3a. search b. researchc. experiment d. movement答案：b从上下文和语境搭配考虑。此处：doing research into agriculture表示“做农业研究”，不用experiment。后文已提到了did experiments。4a. adventures b. advantagesc. tradition d. experience答案：d从词语搭配考虑。此处 “learn from the experience of farmers”表示“学习农民的耕作经验”。5a. nursing b. gardeningc. produce d. trade答案：b从上下文考虑。由本文的标题和第二段第二、三句推断可知，选gardening。6a. programs b. topicsc. subjects d. events答案：c从语境考虑。本句的下文介绍一些具体的课题，如：种菜，养动物等。因此选subject“科目，课题”；topic“话题”；program“项目，节目”；event“事件”。7a. instructions b. constructionsc. measures d. treasures答案：a从词语搭配考虑。此处表示造酒的“指导，说明”，选instructions，其他与句意不符。8a. economical b. practicalc. similar d. regular答案：b从词语搭配考虑。“practical guide”意为“切实可行的指导”，economical“经济的， 节省的”；regular“有规律的”，与句意不符。9a. drop b. increase c. grow d. throw答案：c从词语搭配考虑。此处“grow young plants”意为“种植幼苗”，其它选项没有“种植”之意。10a. dreams b. ending c. hope d. results答案：d从上下文考虑。本题用result，与前文的work相对，表示“工作投入少，而结果更好”，下文也有类似的句子。11a. argue against b. go againstc. compete with d. deal with答案：b从上下文考虑。选go against nature意为“违背自然”，其它选项均不符合句意。12a. application b. situationc. condition d. addition答案：c从词语搭配考虑。本题the condition of the soil表示“土壤的状况，条件”。而situation表示“形势”，与soil不搭配，其它与句意不符。13a. successfully b. carefullyc. gradually d. frequently答案：b从语境考虑。前句指出土壤状况重要，本句说明要细心、仔细检查土壤，因此选carefully。14a. remove b. pull c. kill d. reduce答案： a从词语搭配考虑。本句告诉读者，种庄稼之前需要平整土地和除草，remove weeds意为“清除杂草”。15a. destroy b. prevent c. divide d. limit答案：a从词语搭配考虑。本题选destroy。让牛羊在地里走，这就是为了摧毁杂草或者吃掉杂草。16a. keep b. improve c. manage d. change答案：d从上下文考虑。从下句中“do not plant rice_in the same field”可知庄稼要换着种，因此选change。17a. one after another b. here and therec. now and then d. year after year答案：d从上下文考虑。选year after year“年复一年”。题意为“不在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼”。18a. win b. collect c. harvest d. plant答案：c从语境和词语搭配考虑。本句意为“如果每年换种不同的庄稼就会有好收成”。harvest good crops意为“收成好”。19a. holes b. lines c. space d. balance答案：c从词语搭配考虑。本句意思是“种植小麦时，株与株之间要留有空间”， 而非留有线、 洞或平衡， 因此选space。20a. showed b. meant c. intended d. decided答案：a从语境考虑。本句的开头是“but jia did experiments”，因此后半句是实验结果证明、表明。因此选showed。.书面表达(2012自贡二诊)如今世界粮食短缺，价格飞涨，给部分地区造成社会动荡。请就下面表格所提供的内容进行陈述并谈谈你的看法。造成的原因1.气候变化，造成粮食减产。2工