高考英语一轮 语法专题9 省略句和强调句01 译林牛津版.doc

2014高考英语译林牛津一轮语法专题（9）（省略句和强调句01）语法专题九省略句和强调句高考预练1、 sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.a. between b. along c. below d. with答案：b考点：考察介词的用法解析：，根据句意“sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示“沿着”时，应该选b。2、 it took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. it was journey.a. three hour b. a three-hours c. a three-hour d. three hours答案：c考点：此题考查复合形容词解析：数词+连字符+名词的用法,连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程”3、 if our parents do everything for us children, we wont learn to depend on a. themselves b. them c. us d. ourselves答案：d考点：本题考查反身代词解析：主语为we，因此应为ourselves. depend on oneself:自力更生。根据句意，选d。4、 every few years, the coal workers their lungs x-rayed to ensure their health.a. are having b. have c. have had d. had had答案：b考点：本题考查时态。解析：根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选b。5、 -sorry, professor smith. i didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.a. must b. mustnt c. should d. shouldnt答案：c考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气解析：。此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做6、 in ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market. a. longer than b. more than c. as much as d. as far as答案：d考点：本题考查介词词组。解析：根据动词travel可判断此处应填关于路程的介词词组，本题即为as far as。as far as远到.7、 the church tower which will be open to tourists soon. the work is almost finished. a. has restored b. has been restored c. is restoring d. is being restored答案：d考点：本题考查被动语态。解析：restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选d.8、 i had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. a. find b. found c. to find d. finding答案：d考点：固定词组解析：have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难。9、 lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. a. amused b. amusing c. to amuse d. to be amused答案：a考点：本题考查非谓语动词。解析：keep+sb. /sth. +done,根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系，故选a.10、 you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. a. however a serious problem b. what a serious problemc. however serious a problem d. what serious a problem答案：c考点：让步状语从句解析：根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，而however表让步时其顺序应是：however + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语。however做连接副词，相当于no matter how,后接形容词或副词，意为“无论、不管” ，引导让步状语从句，其序为“however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。 一、省略考点一不定式中的省略1感官动词或使役动词（feel，notice，see，hear，let，make，have等）后接不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to。i heard my father sing in the kitchen.2在由and或or连接的并列不定式结构中常省略后面的to。i want to finish my homework and go home.3在某些形容词（如：glad，happy，pleased等）后面时常保留to而省略上文已提到的动词原形。will you join us in the game?id be glad to.4在do nothing but，cant help but，why not，would rather.than.，had better等句型中省略to。the little boy could do nothing but cry.5to后的内容常承前省略（只保留to即可）。但如果承前省略的不定式中有have或be的任何形式，后应该保留原形be或have。susan is not what she used to be.考点二定语从句中的省略1在限制性定语从句中，如果关系代词that，which，whom作从句中的宾语，可将关系代词省略。do you know the man（whom）our teacher spoke to?2先行词the way（关系词作状语），time（次数）后的定语从句常省略关系词。i dont like the way（in which/that）he spoke to others.i cant remember how many times（that）i have failed.考点三状语从句中的省略1当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语动词含有be时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。when（he was）young，he helped his parents do a lot of housework.2当从句的主语是it，谓语动词是be动词时，可以把it和be一起省略。此时构成“连词（if，unless，when，whenever）形容词”的结构。though（it was）cold，he still wore a shirt.please call me if（it is）necessary.3if so/not省略句式中，用so/not代替上文的内容。get up early tomorrow.if not（if you dont get up early），you will miss the early bus.二、强调考点一强调句型的基本结构1强调句型“it is/was被强调的成分that/who其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等除谓语之外的成分。it在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。it is i who/that am from america.2强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时、将来时的其他各种形式时，就用it is.，表达过去时的各种形式时，用it was.。it was him that i met on the street yesterday.考点二强调句型的特殊结构1一般疑问句： is/ was it被强调部分that/ who其他部分（用陈述语序）was it tom that won the first prize?2特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat该句的其余部分，that后只能使用陈述语序。when was it that you met the pop star?3在“not.until”强调结构中，由until所引导的短语或从句作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：itis/wasnot until.that该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。it was not until you came back that i finished the work.考点三强调句与定语从句，主语从句，宾语从句的区别强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用“还原法”，即把“it is/was.that/who”去掉，如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。1强调句与定语从句的区别定语从句中that是充当从句的成分的，而在强调结构中，that无任何意义。it was at midnight that i got back home yesterday.（强调句，that无意义）it was the street that he took a photo of.（定语从句，that 充当从句中of的宾语）2强调句与主语从句的区别主语从句中it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，去掉it be和that句式不完整。若为强调句式，去掉之后句式完整。it is a fact that he is an honest man.（主语从句）it is he that is an honest man.（强调句）3强调句与状语从句的区别尤其出现“it be时间”时，一定要区分是强调句还是时间状语从句。it was eight oclock when he came back.（时间状语从句）it was at eight oclock that he came back.（强调句）考点四