高考英语 阅读理解基础精品练习题（21）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（21）及答案第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c、d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a(2012上海春招)the age of unreasoncharles handyin his book the age of unreason professor handy describes the dramatic changes that are taking place in our lives today and warns that we must adapt to these changes if we want to survive in the future. handy believes that in the future less than 50% of the workforce will be employed fulltime by an organization. these fulltime employees will be the qualified professionals, technicians, and managers who are essential to an organization. their working lives will be a lot more demanding than today, but in return they will be wellpaid and they will retire earlier. the rest of the workforce will be selfemployed or will work parttime, providing organizations with the products and services they require on a contract basis. handy forecasts a big increase in the number of working mothers in future and believes there will be a large number of unemployed. handy gives us plenty of figures to worry about. he estimates that by the year 2040, one person in five will retire, and one in ten will be over seventyfive years old. there will be one retiree to every three people of working age, and even more than that in countries such as germany and switzerland, where the proportion will be as much as one to two. retirees will remain healthy and active for longer than they do today and many will live to be a hundred years old, a fact which leads handy to suggest that the term retirement will no longer be appropriate. he suggests the third age is a more appropriate description, since it will be as important a part of our lives as the first age of learning and the second age of working are for us today.文章大意：本文讲述了汉迪教授写的非理性时代一书的简介。56professor handy wrote the book most probably to_.a. warn us of potential social problems in the futureb. predict the leading professions in the coming yearsc. describe the effect of unemployment on societyd. suggest a better term for future retirement答案：a细节理解题。由第一段“.warns that we must adapt to these changes if we want to survive in the future”可知，handy教授写这本书的目的是警告我们：在未来我们必须适应社会变化才能生存。57according to professor handy, the future workforce will_.a. adapt to the changes in retirement easily b. be mainly selfemployedc. have fewer fulltime workers than today d. work on a contract basis答案：c细节理解题。由第二段可知，在未来，全职工人的数目将会比现在少。58from the last paragraph, we learn that about 30 years from now，_.a. the number of retirees will double in many countriesb. ageing will be a common and serious problemc. 10% of the population will live to be 100 years oldd. the third age will be the most important part of our lives答案：b细节理解题。由第三段第二句话“he estimates that by the year 2040, one person in five will retire, and one in ten will be over seventyfive years old.”可知。 reader janet maynard has a lot of young bushes in her garden and is suffering from “watering can elbow”. so for janet and anyone else who doesnt want to waste time, effort and water, here are my top tips for keeping plants refreshed in thirsty times. water in the evening if possible, rather than leaving it till you see things suffer. that way the roots can take up the water in cool soil overnight. violently jetting hoses（皮管）mess up the soil structure and may expose delicate roots. use a rose（喷头）on a can. aim low dont waste water wetting leaves, even though they look pretty and refreshed. the most valuable and easily damaged plants need the most attention, such as newly planted trees, bushes and climbers. remove any water-keeping mulch（护根物）you may have put around the base, then water it thoroughly at least two gallons, slowly. dont aim your can rose at the stem which we all usually tend to do. aim the water in a wide circle so that the whole of the area under the plant is watered. you could even make a channel in the soil right around the plant so that the water is held in place as it soaks（浸透）in. replace the mulch. repeat each week even in showery weather for the first summer. how much water for pots? fill up the gap between the top of the soil and the top of the pot. let the water soak right in and then fill it again. do this daily in hot weather for most summer potted plants. stand pots in saucers（垫盘） it makes a big difference. but remember to check that the plants are not sitting in water for days on end when the weather turns wet. roots will rot. if the fertilizer in pots really dries out, the water may get straight out of the pot without being absorbed. correct this by standing or floating the pot in a bucket of deep water until it sinks and no bubbles rise. a push-button watering can makes for more efficient watering, and recycled water bottles upside down with a needle which has a hole on the end are useful, too, for pots.9.what does the underlined part “watering can elbow” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?a. a certain kind of mental disease b. the extreme thirst for water.c. the power of water. d. tiredness or pain in part of the body.10.which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?a. it would be better to water the plant in the evening than in the morning.b. its necessary to water newly-planted trees once a week in the first summer.c. put potted plants in saucers in case the roots rot in damp weather.d. make sure fertilizer in the pot doesnt dry out, otherwise the water would not be fully absorbed.11.we may easily learn from the passage that _.a. potted plants need to be watered every week even in rainy weather.b. wed better put water on the leaves and stems to keep the plants refreshed.c. its better to use a rose on a can to water than jetting hoses.d. people usually dont want to waste time, effort and water in raising plants.12.what can be the best title of this passage?a. the importance of water in caring for plants b. watering tips and skillsc. how to take care of your plants d. the relationship between plants and water(c) dccb washington (reuters) people who drink two or more sweetened soft drinks a week have a much higher risk of pancreatic cancer (胰腺癌), an unusual but deadly cancer, researchers reported on monday.people who drank mostly fruit juice instead of sodas did not have the same risk, the study of 60,000 people in singapore found.sugar may be to blame but people who drink sweetened sodas regularly often have other poor health habits, said mark pereira of the university of minnesota, who led the study.the high levels of sugar in soft drinks may be increasing the level of insulin（胰岛素）in the body, which we think contributes to pancreatic cancer cell growth, pereira said in a statement.writing in the journal cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, pereira and colleagues said they followed 60,524 men and women in the singapore chinese health study for 14 years.over that time, 140 of the volunteers developed pancreatic cancer. those who drank two or more soft drinks a week had an 87 percent higher risk of being among those who got pancreatic cancer.pereira said he believed the findings would apply elsewhere.singapore is a wealthy country with excellent healthcare. favorite pastimes(消遣) are eating and shopping, so the findings should apply to other western countries, he said.but susan mayne of the yale cancer center at yale university in connecticut was cautious.although this study found a risk, the finding was based on a relatively small number of cases and it remains unclear whether it is a causal（因果的）connection or not, said mayne, who serves on the board of the journal, which is published by the american association for cancer research.pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer, with 230,000 cases globally. in the united states, 37,680 people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in a year and 34,290 die of it.13. we can infer from pereiras words that _. a. the healthcare in singapore should be greatly improved b. 2 soft drinks a day are considered harmful to health c. sugar might not be the only cause of pancreatic cancer d. 87 out of 140 volunteers developed pancreatic cancer14. how does susan seem to feel about the findings of the study? a. doubtful b. satisfied. c. worried. d. hopeful.15. the best title of the text might be . a. the deadliest forms of cancer b. sugary soft drinks lead to cancer c. a study in university of minnesotad. drink fruit juice instead of sodas参考答案 (d) dbdb(2012苏州五市区调研)haagendazs from europe started in 1989 and is 510 times more expensive than regular ice cream. on price there is no real advantage. however, it adopted a unique marketing strategy, and quickly occupied the market, a top ice cream brand.haagendazs did not set up shops in ordinary supermarkets or grocery stores. haagendazs leisure fashion shops are in busy sections of malls. the layout is carefully planned to create an elegant atmosphere, and sometimes, a flagship(旗舰) store layout will cost several million dollars.compared to other ice cream brands, haagendazs consumers are tightly grouped. it is understood that haagendazs seldom does television advertising. the majority of ads are highly visual impact of the print ads. in particular many advertisements lock those pyramid tip consumers. moreover, as long as the consumer spending 500 yuan to fill in a small form can become their members, these members will be regularly sent advertisements by direct mail. praise of customers is a powerful weapon for haagendazs.there is always much creative ingenuity (独创性) in haagendazs advertising, so it is remembered by the people. initial advertisements such as: “delicious haagendazs, like 24k gold, japan kobe beef, original palm oil, mushroom truffles and chinese ceramics, tiffany africa.what ice cream was waiting for” “love her, let her eat haagendazs” this classic sensational advertisement attracted more numerous haagendazs lovers who become regulars.today, haagendazs has 55 countries in the world with approximately 700 stores with annual sales of more than 1 billion us dollars (about 8.28 billion yuan). haagendazs has become the worlds most popular top ice cream brand. in the united states, its market share is 6.1%, 1% in france, 4.6% in japan, 4% in singapore and 5% in hong kong.determined to take the “qugaohegua” line, haagendazs has combined accurate positioning in the marketplace with dedicated brand goals. this is the real secret of success.文章大意：哈根达斯冰激凌始于1989年，比一般的冰激凌贵五到十倍，但是它因为采取了独到的营销策略，所以很快占领了市场，成为了冰激凌的超级品牌。59which of the following statements about haagendazs is not true according to the passage?a. it is so popular that it can be bought in almost every supermarket.b. you can enjoy yourself both physically and spiritually by eating it.c.