高考英语 阅读理解系列训练（12）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（12）及答案解析 (2012苏州五市区调研)translink is urging customers to avoid nonessential travel today and to stay home where possible in the difficult weather conditions.translink chief executive officer peter strachan said bus and train services were continuing to run where possible, however all citycat and cityferry services had been cancelled until further notice.“these are extremely difficult conditions for south east queenslandwe are running essential services where possible but safety remains to be the most important，” mr strachan said.severe weather and associated flooding has impacted on all modes of public transport, with bus, ferry and train services all impacted to varying degrees.“if you are planning to use public transport at anytime over the next few days, then i would recommend you check that your intended service is still running.”service disruptions (中断) for today include：city network trains running hourly on all lines.bus diversions, delays and cancellations in some regions, particularly across brisbane, ipswich and the sunshine coast.citycat and cityferry services cancelled.queensland rail chief executive officer paul scurrah said rising waterways had closed some train lines, and road closures and damage to property throughout the southeast had contributed to a shortage of available rail employees.“we intend to run trains hourly on all lines, similar to the timetable we operate on christmas day. we will also be looking to run other additional services to meet demand as required. at this stage we will run services stopping at all stations which will depart at the same time on the hour; however, this is all subject to the weather conditions and the availability of traincrew.”mr scurrah encouraged all customers to visit the translink website for specific departure times for their station, and asked for patience in the event of delays.“queensland rail appreciates that reduced services may cause disruptions but it is simply unavoidable. we have a dedicated and experienced team monitoring the situation around the clock and will be working to reopen the network as soon as practically possible，” mr scurrah said.the latest service disruption information is available on the translink website.文章大意：由于水灾，translink交通公司告知我们交通出行的变化。63what is translink?a. a transport company.b. a government branch. c. a bus company. d. a railway company.64which means of transport is not available during the special period?a. bus. b. train. c. ferry. d. plane. 65according to mr strachan, what is the first consideration while providing public transport?a. weather conditions. b. road conditions. c. peoples safety. d. peoples convenience.66what is the writers purpose of writing this passage?ato tell people all the public transport are cancelled due to the flooding.bto inform people of the changes made to the public transportation.cto encourage more people to visit the translink website.dto advertise for the public transport service translink.63答案：a推理判断题。由前两段可知，translink是一家交通公司。64答案：c细节理解题。由第二段“all citycat and cityferry services had been cancelled until further notice.”可知，轮渡和citycat不可用。65答案：c细节理解题。由第三段“.safety remains to be the most important”可知。66答案：b推理判断题。由第一段可推知。*结束 (2012成都一诊)bright red post boxes, the queen and queuingwhat do they all have in common? they are all important parts of british life. at least i thought so.however, the ability to queue for long periods of time, once believed to be a traditional characteristic of the british, is no longer tolerated by people in the uk, according to a survey done for british bank barclays.once upon a time, queuing was seen as normal. during world war ii, everyone had to queue up to receive their daily supply of foods. in fact, if you didnt stand up and wait in line with all the others, it was seen as uncivilized(不文明的)the famous english doubledecker buses, with only one entrance, might also help explain why queuing was seen as a part of british line. almost always, there is a queue to get on.but perhaps the british are tired of being pushed past by the spanish, the italians or the french as they queue up to get a table at a restaurant. the people of these other european countries have more than one entrance to their houses, which explains their more relaxed attitude to the queue.two minutes is now the longest time most british people are prepared to stand and wait. but could it be that the internet, which allows us to carry out tasks quickly, is the main reason why british people are no longer prepared to queue?“used to buying without delay, customers are even giving up purchases rather than wait their turn，” says stuart neal of barclaycard. “shoppers are also less likely to queue for long if the item they are buying is of low value.”perhaps i will have to replace “queuing” with “impatience” in my list of things i relate to the british.文章大意：排队曾经是英国文化的象征。但是一项研究表明这一现象已经发生了很大的变化。67what can we learn about the tradition of queuing in britain?a. it was a product of the slow pace of life.b. it was a long time tradition as old as the queen.c. it was considered a symbol of a civilized behavior.d. it has made the british different from other europeans.68according to the passage, the british gradually stopped queuing because_.a. they prefer shopping onlineb. they follow the example of foreignersc. british buses have more than one entranced. the internet has changed their way of life69it can be learned from the text that_.a. the british get impatient with queuing for longb. the british have to queue to receive foodc. the british like to eat in foreign restaurantsd. the british prefer to take doubledecker buses70the authors main purpose of writing the passage is_.ato tell us the influence of the internet on the british ways of lifebto compare the cultural difference between britain and other countriescto talk about the changes in the attitude to queuing in britaindto report his research on the british ways of life67答案：c细节理解题。由第一段和第二段“.once believed to be a traditional characteristic of the british.”可知，鲜红的邮箱、女王和排队都是英国文化的象征。68答案：d细节理解题。由第六、七段可知，网络改变了英国人的生活方式。69答案：a细节理解题。由第六段第一句话“two minutes is now the longest time most british people are prepared to stand and wait.”可知，英国人不再有耐心排队了。70答案：c推理判断题。由文章大意可知。*结束 (2012湘潭二模)having good etiquette(礼节)at the workplace is very important to be a favorite in an office. however, its observed that many people arent aware of the workplace etiquette and this creates a very bad impression in the office. so its important to know some workplace etiquette tips.among all the workplace etiquette guidelines(指南)，the most important is to be punctual to your office. though going late due to an emergency is okay, habitual late comers are never appreciated in any organization. by arriving at your office on time, you show that youre aware of your responsibilities and have respect for the organization. in case you feel that you would be late, call the concerned authority and report the matter to him or her.also, a proper knowledge of the workplace email etiquette is a must. in the official emails, you need to mention the subject concisely(简洁地)，while at the same time include all the important details which are to be shared. you should use good and grammatically correct language while writing emails.a knowledge of telephone etiquette in the workplace is very important as well. while talking on the telephone, be polite and listen to what theyre saying carefully. only then should you say what you feel. speak in a voice which would be heard clearly at the other end.the workplace guidelines are important even while youre dining or celebrating with your coworkers. if you get a call in between, receive it after youre permitted by the others by saying “excuse me”. dont talk loudly while eating. greet people well and try to make them feel comfortable while being in your company.these guidelines will help you become the best employee of a company. all the best!文章大意：本文介绍了一些很重要的职场礼节。71the intended readers of the passage are_.a. managers in charge of a companyb. students of a business classc. people who are out of work d. general readers72why should you try to be punctual?a. to prove you are not a habitual late comer. b. to respect the rules of the organization.c. to show that you are a responsible worker.d. to win other workers respect.73how should you write an official email?a. write the subject clearly and simply. b. include all the details in the email.c. make the language as beautiful as possible. d. make emails as brief as possible.74which of the following is considered not acceptable about making phone calls?a. using polite languages. b. listening with patience and care.c. speaking clearly. d. answering a call in a loud voice.75in the writers opinion, workplace etiquette_.a. is easy to master b. is considered important by all employeesc. can be helpful in doing your work well d. will bring you good luck and good salaries71答案：d推理判断题。由全文可知，本文无特定写作对象，所以是写给大众的。72答案：c细节理解题。由第二段第三句话“by arriving at your office on time, you show that youre aware of your responsibilities and have respect for the organization.”可知，守时可以显示出你是一位负责的人。73答案：a细节理解题。由第三段第二句话“in the official emails, you need to mention the subject concisely(简洁地)，while at the same time include all the important details which are to be shared.”可知，办公邮件要求简洁清晰。74答案：d细节理解题。由第四段“while talking on the telephone, be polite and listen to what theyre saying carefully. only then should you say what you feel. speak in a voice which would be heard clearly at the other end.”可知，打电话时，不能声音太大。75答案：c推理判断题。由最后一段第一句话“these guidelines will help you become the best employee of a company.”可知，这些礼节对你的工作有益。*结束*结束(2011江西卷，d)why should mankind explore space? why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on earth? these are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. what drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? the wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. with knowledge, we can lessen its effects.exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. resources may be more than physical possessions. knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. the techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. we have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!while many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. while space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. the danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.while earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. it is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。16why does the author mention the questions in paragraph 1?ato express his doubts.bto compare different ideas.cto introduce points for discussion.dto describe the conditions on earth.答案：c。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。17what is the reason for exploring space based on paragraph 2?ahumans are natureborn to do so.bhumans have the tendency to fight.chumans may find new sources of food.dhumans dont like to stay in the same place.答案：a。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。18the underlined word “spinoffs” in paragraph 4 probably refers to _.asurvival chances bpotential resourcescunexpected benefitsdphysical possessions答案：c。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。19what makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?aour genetic makeup. bresources on the earth.cthe adaptive ability of humans.dbyproducts in space exploration.答案：c。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。20which of the statements can best sum up the passage?aspace exploration has created many wonders.bspace exploration provides the best value for money.cspace exploration can benefit science and technology.dspace exploration may help us avoid potential problems on earth.答案：d。主旨大意题。a、b两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。 *结束c42012课标全国卷 are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? try some of these places：visit art museums. they offer a variety of activities to excite your kids interest. many offer workshops for making handmade pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名) by childrens favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts.head to a natural history museum. this is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.go to a youtheater. look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. preshow play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. puppet (木偶) making and stage makeup are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.try handson_science. visit one of the many handson science museums around the country. these science playlands are great fun for kids and grownups alike. theyll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. when everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.56if a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit _.aa youtheaterban art museumca natural history museumda handson science museum57what can kids do at a youtheater? alook at rock collections. bsee dinosaur models. cwatch puppet making. dgive performances.58what does “handson science” mean in the last paragraph? ascience games designed by kids. blearning science by doing things. ca show of kids science work. dreading science books.59where does this text probably come from? aa science textbook. ba tourist map. ca museum guide. da news report.【要点综述】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了4则关于博物馆信息的广告。第一则：艺术博物馆；第二则：自然历史博物馆；第三则：木偶剧院；第四则：自己动手科学博物馆。56c细节理解题。如果孩子对宇宙感兴趣，那你就得带孩子去“自然历史博物馆”。宇宙的内容是自然历史博物馆的一部分。根据第二则广告中的“this is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky.”可知c正确。57. c细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“puppet(木偶)making and stage makeup are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.”可知c正确。58. b词义猜测题。根据文章中最后一则广告中的“theyll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building.”可知在这种博物馆中，孩子们通过按按钮、做实验和建东西去体验。所以b正确。59. c推理判断题。根据文章的第一句话“are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? try some of these places：”和四则广告全是有关博物馆的内容可知，这是一则博物馆广告介绍，所以这取材于博物馆指南。*结束c42012江西卷 a book review the snakestone by berlie dohertythe setting: urban england (the cities), but also rural england (the countryside) including remote english villages. the theme: the main theme is a teenage search of selfdiscovery, in this case the search for a mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age. its other concerns are love, getting on with others ，being persistent and courageous and trying to deal with doubts, troubles and worries. as the book moves to a close, james swimming coach says to him: you are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. you are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.the characters: james is the hero of the story. he is a championship diver, and has a comfortable life with his foster parents(养父母)yet he also has the qualities to take him on a long journey to find his birth mother. the other characters in the snakestone, james parents, his diving instructor, best friend, the villager