高考英语二轮专题复习 单项填空 定语从句提分训练（真题集锦含解析）新人教版(1).doc

定语从句1. (2010 全国卷i t24)as a child, jack studied in a village school，_ is named after his grandfather.a. which b. where c. what d. that2. (2010全国卷iit16) i refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.a.who b.that c. as d. what3. (2010江苏卷t32)the newly-built cafe, the walls of _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.a. that b. it c. what d. which 4. (2010北京卷t 27)children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.a. what b. whose c. which d. that5. (2010福建卷t24) stephen hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.a. that b. where c. which d. whose6. (2010湖南卷t28) ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ i met in the english speech contest last year.a. whob. wherec. whend. which7. (2010江西卷t 31) the girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour.a. whereb. whoc. whichd. what8. (2010山东卷t24)thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.a. that b. which c. whose d. what9. (2010陕西卷t11)the old temple _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. a. where b. which c. its d. whose10(2010上海卷t38)wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.a. on which b. by which c. to which d. from which11. (2010四川卷t10) after graduating from college, i took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision.a. that b. which c. when d. where 12. (2010天津卷t8)can you believe i had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?you should try the barbers _i go. its only 15.a. as b. which c. where d. that13. (2010浙江t3)the settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.a. whom b. which c. them d. those14. (2010重庆卷t28)in china, the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world.a. where b. which c. whose d. that【答案解析】1.【解析】选a。根据句子结构以及选项可知是考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语。此处关系代词which代指前面的a village school，并在从句中作主语。where是关系副词，不能在从句中作主语，what不属于关系代词，关系代词that不能用于非限制性定语从句中。【知识拓展】关系代词which与that几个能与不能(1)which与that引导的定语从句不能位于句首。(2)which可以引导非限制性定语从句，而that不能。(3)当先行词是一些不定代词如everything, nothing, none等时，能用that引导后面的定语从句，不能用which。(4)当先行词是序数词或最高级或者先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，能用that引导后面的定语从句，不能用which。(5)当先行词被the only修饰或者先行词既指人又指物时，能用that引导后面的定语从句，不能用which。 (6) which能直接位于介词之后，而that不能。例如： everything that went wrong made jack mad, which also worried us. 出错的一切事情使得杰克发疯，也使我们很担心。(that went wrong是限制性定语从句修饰前面的everything，that在从句中作主语。which also worried us是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容，并在从句中作主语。) we talked of the film and its leading actor that we liked. 我们谈起我们喜欢的那部电影以及电影中的男主角。(先行词是the film and its leading actor，所以只能用that引导后面的定语从句) the most beautiful building that i have seen is located on a river in qinghai province.我见过的最美的建筑位于青海省的一条河上。(先行词building前面有最高级修饰所以要用that引导后面的定语从句)2.【解析】选b。根据句子结构可知此处需要一个关系代词来引导后面的定语从句，由于此处的先行词是something，所以首先排除a、d。因为a项引导的定语从句只能修饰人，而d项不是关系代词。as引导的定语从句虽然既能修饰人也能修饰物，但其在限制性定语从句中，要用于the same as 或suchas结构中，故又排除c。that在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。3.【解析】选d。句意：新建的咖啡馆的墙被涂成了浅绿色。对我们来说，它真是个安宁的地方，尤其是在辛苦的工作之后。根据定语从句方面的语法知识，我们可以判断出本题中the newly-built cafe 是先行词，后面用“名词+介词+ which”来引导定语从句，所以我们可以得出正确选项d。【知识拓展】关于“名词+介词+ which / whom”类型的定语从句这种类型的定语从句语序可以调整，并且可以转换成whose引导的定语从句。the sum of money will be given to any student, the family of whom is poor.the sum of money will be given to any student, of whom the family is poor.the sum of money will be given to any student, whose family is poor.有时候，我们还用“代词(数词)+介词+ which / whom”类型的定语从句。这种定语从句的语序可以调整，一般不可以转换成whose引导的定语从句。there are about 3,000 workers in this company, two thirds of whom are women.there are about 3,000 workers in this company, of whom two thirds are women.4.【解析】选b。在该句中diet和先行词children之间是所属关系，即所选的词在定语从句中作定语。whose 引导定语从句并且作定语；which/ that引导定语从句并且作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。5.【解析】选b。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行词the only planet，在从句中作状语，所以关系副词where符合要求。关系代词that和which通常在句中作主语或宾语；whose通常在句中作定语，均不符合要求。【知识拓展】关系副词的拆分在很多情况下，引导定语从句的关系副词都可以拆分成“介词+关系代词”的形式。引导定语从句的关系副词有：when，where和why。像2010年福建卷第24题中的where结合先行词the only planet就可拆分成on which，在意思上相当于on the only planet，可将定语从句还原成：life has developed gradually on the only planet.。再看下面两个例子：(1)2010 was a special year for the people of shanghai, when they could visit so many exhibition halls. 2010年对于上海人来说是特别的一年，在这一年他们能够参观那么多的展馆。关系副词when引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词2010，并在从句中作时间状语，when可以拆分成in which，意思上相当于in 2010。(2)he didnt explain the reason why he had demanded a pay rise.他没有解释他要求加薪的原因。关系副词why引导一个定语从句修饰先行词the reason，在从句中作原因状语，why可以拆分成for which，在意思上相当于for the reason。6.【解析】选a。考查的是定语从句。先行词是several of the students(指人)，且定语从句中缺少的是宾语，故选a。句意：我已经和我去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校几个学生成为好朋友了。7.【解析】选a。 句意：小女孩打算和她姐姐在培训中心上钢琴课，她要在那里待一个小时。先行词是the training centre，是表示地点的名词，且从句中缺少状语，故用关系副词where。who 引导定语从句时先行词须是表示人的名词， which 在从句中不作状语；what 不能引导定语从句。8.【解析】选c。句意：那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。machine为定语从句的先行词，从句的主语为parts, 其前缺少修饰主语的表示所属关系的关系代词，选whose。9.【解析】选d。通过分析句子结构可知，temple是先行词，后面_ roof was damaged in a storm是个定语从句，roof 和temple之间是所属关系，所以要用whose作定语，所以选d。10.【解析】选c。句意：风能是一种古老的能源，在不久的将来我们可能还会利用它。return to回到，恢复到，其中介词to前置，构成“介词+关系代词”的形式，故选择c。11.【解析】选b。句意：大学毕业后，我休假一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句意。12.【解析】选c。句意：你能相信我花了30美元理发吗?你应该试一试我去的理发店，只需15美元。根据题干the barbers 在i go这个定语从句中作地点状语，go是不及物动词。where在定语从句中作地点状语。其他几个选项作的是主语，宾语或表语。所以选c。13.【解析】选a。考查非限制性定语从句用法。“不定代词/数词+of whom(指人)/which(指物) ”为非限制性定语从句用法，表示“整体中的一部分”，由于前面的先行词为people, 所以答案为a。14.【解析】选c。句意:在中国，城市的数量在增加，这些城市的发展得到了全世界的认可。根据句法结构可知主句是the number of cities is incre