高考英语完形填空及词汇基础极品训练题（7）.doc

2014高考英语完形填空及词汇基础极品训练题（7）及答案完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。robert moody, 52, is an experienced police officer. much of his work involves dealing with 1 an gang (团伙)problems in the schools of his community. knowing that many kids often 2 trouble, he decided to do something about it. so in 1991 he began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day 3 .those fun trips had a(n) 4 impact. a chance encounter in 2000 proved that. one day, 5 working security at a school basketball game, moody noticed two young guys 6 .he sensed trouble between them. 7 one of them headed toward moody and gave him a hug.” i 8 you. you took me 9 when i was in fifth grade. that was one of the 10 days of my life .”deeply touched by the boys word, moody decided to create a foundation（基金会）that 11 teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “as a policeman, i saw 12 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. they have a damaging 13 on the kids,” says moody.by turning kids on to fishing, he 14 to present an alternative way of life, “when youre sitting there waiting for a 15 ,”he says, “you cant help but talk to each other, and such 16 can be pretty deep.”“talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer（同龄人）pressures in high school,” says michelle, 17 who 17 the first program. “and i was able to help my little brother 18 drugs.”moody faces 19 in three years, when he hopes to run the foundation full-time.” im living a happy life and i have a responsibility to my20 to give back,” moody says.” if i teach a kid to fish today, he can teach his brother to fish tomorrow.”( ) 1. a. drinking bdrug csecurity dsmoking1.b. 根据下文的drugs were always behind it和talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer（同龄人）pressures in high school可以确定，此处是指“毒品，吸毒”。( ) 2. a. ran into bgot over cleft behind dlooked into2. a. 由空格后的trouble，和句意可知此处是指“很多小孩陷入困境之中”。 ( ) 3. aahead baway coff dout3.c. 既然前面说阻止小孩去钓鱼，一般应该是休班、休假的日子，所以，要选择off。( ) 4. aimmediate bdamaging climited dlasting4. d. 通过下文的例子，可以看出robert moody警官的钓鱼教育法有着“持久的”影响。( ) 5. aonce bwhile csince duntil5.b. 从上下句的逻辑关系看，空格所在的句子，表示时间，意思是“在的时候”，其他几个词虽然都可以表示时间，但意思不合题意。( ) 6. aquarreling bcomplaining ctalking dcheering6.a. 从下文的he sensed trouble between them.可以判断，那两个人是在“吵架”。( ) 7. aslowly bsuddenly cfinally dsecretly7.b. 在robert moody警官意识到要出乱子的时候，“突然”发生了下面的事情。对robert moody警官来说有点意外。( ) 8. aunderstand bhear c. see dremember 8.d. 因为下文提到是五年级带着去钓鱼，所用用remember比较恰当。( ) 9. afishing bsailing cboating d. swimming9.a. 带着去钓鱼。( ) 10. aquietest blongest cbest dbusiest 10. c. 既然记得那么清楚，说明那天对他来说很重要，所以用best。 ( ) 11. aconnects bintroduces creduces dcommits11. b. 把青少年引导过来。( ) 12. awhere bunless cas dwhether12.a. where引导地点状语吵架，意思是“在有暴力的地方，其后也总有毒品”。( ) 13. aimpression bburden cdecision dimpact13.d. have an impact on是一个固定短语，意思是“对有影响”。上文19空出有这个短语。 ( ) 14. aasked bintended cpretended dagreed14. b. by turning kids on to fishing是方式，第29空为表示意图 ，用intended合适。 ( ) 15. asolution bchange cbite dsurprise15. c. 此处是钓鱼术语，等待鱼儿上钩。( ) 16. aconcerns binterests cconversations demotions16. c. 与前面的talk to each other意义一致。( ) 17. a. participated in b. worked out c. approved of d. made up18. a. participated in是“加入，参加”的意思；worked out 的意思是“解出，制定，锻炼”等；approved of 是“赞同”；made up是“编造，组成”。( ) 18. a. misuse b. avoid c. tolerate d. test18. b. 既然前面是help，应该是好的方面，所以用avoid表示“避免”。( ) 19. a. unemployment b. challenge c. competition d. retirement19. d. 根据后面的when he hopes to run the foundation full-time.说明他不做工作才能全职管理基金，因此可判断是三年后，退休。( ) 20. a. team b. school c. family d. community20.d. 第一段中提到his community。 说明文型完形填空 (二)employers fear they will be unable to recruit (招募) students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey _1_nearly half of the organizations told researchers they were already struggling to find _2_ with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (stem), _3_ even more companies expected to experience _4_ of employees with stem skills in the next three years.the confederation of british industry_5_694 businesses and organizations across the public and _6_sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.half were _7_ they would not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to _8_ enough employees with the right alevel skills.“_9_ we move further role recovery and businesses plan _10_ growth, the demand for people with highquality skills and qualifications will _11_，” said richard lambert, director general, cbi. “firms say it has been already hard to find people with the right _12_ or engineering skills. the new government must make it a top _13_ to encourage more young people to study sciencerelated _14_”the survey finds that young people will improve their job prospects (前景) _15_ they study business, maths, english and physics or chemistry at alevel. the alevels that employers _16_least are psychology and sociology. and while many employers dont insist on a _17_ degree subject. a third prefer to hire those with a stemrelated subject.the research _18_ worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the uk _19_. half of the employers expressed worries about employees basic literacy and numeracy(计算) skills, while the biggest problem was with it skills, _20_ twothirds reported concerns.1a.submits brevealsclaunches drelieves2. aaudience bofficialscpartners dstaff3. awhile bbecausecfor dalthough4. aexits bshortagescabsences dsources5. asurveyed bsearchedcexposed dexpanded6. acollective bprivatecpersonal dcivil7. aconducted bcombinedcconcerned dconfused8. aprovide breachctransfer dhire9. alest bunlesscbefore das10. awith bforcon dby11. acontrol bstretchcensure dheighten12. acreative btechnicalcnarrative dphysical13. apriority boptioncchallenge djudgment14. aprocedures bacademicscthoughts dsubjects15. auntil bsincecwhereas dif16. arate bdiscusscorder dobserve17. atypical bparticularcpositive dgeneral18. ahighlighted bdescribedcfocused dtouched19. amasses bworkforcecfaculty dcommunities20. awhat bwhomcwhere dwhy (二)【要点综述】这是一篇调查报告。目前，随着经济复苏，在英国，对于雇主来说找到有技能的大学生就成了一个问题，尤其是找到擅长科学、技术、工程和数学的学生。1b据一项最新调查显示，现在的雇主们害怕他们雇不到符合要求的毕业生。submit提交，服从；reveal透露，揭露；launch发起(一场运动)；relieve减轻(痛苦、忧虑等)，解除。2d根据句意，基本有一半的组织或机构告诉调查者他们在努力寻找具有四个方面(科学、技术、工程和数学)才能的职员。3a同时，更多公司预测，接下来的三年他们将会遭遇雇员缺失的境况。while和同时。4b由第二段句首struggling可判断，机构或组织寻找这些人才非常不易，那么这种人才显然是不够的、短缺的。absence表示“缺席，不在”，不能描述短缺，因此排除。5a英国工业联盟调查了694个行业和组织。survey是指调查某部分人的行为、意见等(通常以询问方式进行)，符合题意。6b后文的together暗示and后面的这个空是和“公共的”对立的，因此填private。7c根据上下文的意思可知，雇主们担心这种现象的发生，因此选concerned，“担心的，烦恼的，忧虑的”。8d三分之一的被调查者坦言他们可能雇不到符合相应资质的雇员，只有hire符合题意。9d根据句子结构判断，前半句是一个伴随状语，表示“随着的深入进行，需求越来越强”。10b这里表示目的，故选for。11d根据前文可知，这种需求是不断增加的。heighten提高，增高，加强。12b前面第二段已经指出在四个方面技能欠缺，选项中显然只有technical符合文意。13amakea top priority 让成为首要任务，当务之急。14d这里指鼓励年轻人学习与科学相关的学科，从倒数第二段也可判断。academy 学院，研究院；procedure 步骤，程序；thought 思想；subject学科，科目，课程。15d本句是一个条件状语从句，据此可知选if。16a根据文意可知，雇主们认为alevels中价值最低的学科是心理学和社会学，因此选rate。rate评定某人、某事物的价值；order 命令，整理；discuss 讨论，论述；observe 观察，遵守。17b文章指雇主们需要的是具备stem四方面素质的人才，因此许多雇主们不青睐对某一特殊学科的专业学位。18a19b整篇文章都在讨论就业和雇用，显然选workforce。faculty 全体教员；community 社区，团体。20c完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。athe question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. before 1 this question, it will be useful to introduce some 2 concepts. conflict, 3 as opposition among social units-or individuals-directed against one another, is4 from competition, which 5 opposition among social units 6 seeking to obtain something which is 7 inadequate supply. competitors may not know about one another, which those who 8 in a conflict do. conflict and competition are both 9 of opposition. the meaning of opposition has been stated as a process by which social unit function in the disservice of one another, opposition is 10 contrasted to cooperation, a 11 by which social units function in the service of one another. these 12 are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited 13 , but conflict isns. conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur and is probably an essential and desirable 14 of human societies. many authors have 15 their arguments that war cannot be avoided on the idea that in the struggle for existence among groups of animals, only those which are best 16 remain alive. in general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. those who fail in this competition 17 starve to death or are 18 by other types of animals. this struggle for 19 is not similar to human war, but is like the competition of 20 for jobs, markets, and materials. the most important quality of this struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are not enough to satisfy all.( ) 1. a. considering b. solving c. answering d. saying( ) 2. a. related b. used c. translated d. sacred( ) 3. a. specified b. remarked c. defined d. claimed( ) 4. a. variable b. distinguished c. various d. isolated( ) 5. a. acknowledged b. denies c. assumes d. means( ) 6. a. critically b. approximately c. independently d. costly( ) 7. a. on b. for c. with d. in( ) 8. a. enter b. participate c. fall d. involve( ) 9. a. formations b. classes c. terms d. reactions( ) 10. a. nevertheless b. however c. thus d. maybe( ) 11. a. procession b. standard c. process d. measurement( ) 12. a. accounts b. definitions c. descriptions d. explanations( ) 13. a. resources b. origins c. sources d. materials( ) 14. a. matter b. element c. event d. coincidence( ) 15. a. concentrated b. fixed c. centered d. based( ) 16. a. encouraged b. accepted c. adapted d. adopted( ) 17. a. not only b. either c. neither d. both( ) 18. a. killed b. raised c. fired d. surrounded( ) 19. a. resistence b. privilege c. favour d. employment( ) 20. a. workers b. officials c. individuals d. residents1.a 考虑这个问题之前，有必要介绍一些与之相关的概念。2.a “相关的概念”，应用related。3.c define, “解释”，“下定义”，后面经常接as; specify,“指定”，“指明”。the regulations specify that you may use a dictionary in the examination。规则指明考虐时可用字典。remark,“说”。claim,“要求承认某人之身份，所有权”。does anyone claim this umbrella?有没有人认领这把伞？ 冲突，指的是社会单位，团体或个人之间的对抗。它与“竞争”不同。竞争指的是社会单位间为夺取一种不足够的供应而进行的对抗。4.b distinguish from区别，不同；variable与vaious(多样的)后面一般不接from; isolated“与隔离开来”。5.d 对前面competition的解释，“意味着”。6.c critically批判地；approximately大致地；independently 独立地；不受控制地；costly形容词，昂贵的。根据文中含义，“竞争对手各自寻求物质，所以才会有冲突”。所以此外选c为宜。7.d in short(inadequate) supply“缺乏的”为固定搭配，一般不用其它介词。8.b enter in登记姓名，细节等。例：enter in an item in an accountbook将一笔账记入账本；fall in陷入，例fall in love with sb. invo