高考英语阅读理解基础精品题练习（12）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品题练习（12）及答案阅读理解 global warming is when the earth heats up, the temperature rises. it happens when greenhouse gases -carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide(二氧化氮), and methane(沼气) trap heat and light from the sun in the earths atmosphere, which increases the temperature. this is like when heat is trapped in a car. on a very hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. this is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows, but it cant get back out. once the light is inside the car, it is trapped and the heat builds up, just like it does in the earths atmosphere. this is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth. the heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it cant get out. as a result, the temperature rises. sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us. the greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on. without it, the earth would be freezing, or on the other hand it would be burning hot. we would not get the suns heat and light to make the night somewhat warm. during the day, especially during the summer, it would be burning because the sun would be up with no atmosphere to filter(过滤) it, so people, plants, and animals would be exposed to all the light and heat. although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it, if there gets to be too many gases, the earth can get unusually warmer, and many plants, animals, and people will die. they would die because there would be less food(plants like corn, wheat, and other vegetables and fruits). this would happen because the plants would not be able to take in the heat. this would cause us to have less food to eat, but it would also limit the food that animals have. gradually, people, plants, and animals would all die of hunger. people are doing many things to try stop global warming. one thing people are doing is carpooling. carpooling is driving with someone to a place that you are both going to. this minimizes the amount of greenhouse gases put into the air by a car. another thing that people are doing is being more careful about leaving things turned on like the television, computer, and the lights. a lot of people are taking time away from the television, and instead, they are spending more time outdoors. this helps our planet out a lot. now, more people are even riding buses, walking to school, and riding their bikes to lower the amount of greenhouse gases in the air. planting trees and recycling also help. if you recycle, less trash goes to the dump, and less trash gets burned. as a result, there are fewer greenhouse gases in our atmosphere. although adults do many things to help stop global warming, kids can do just as much.68. by the example given in paragraph 1, the author wants to _.a. say that there are greenhouse gases in every carb. show his feeling in a car in hot summerc. tell us cars are causes of greenhouse gasesd. explain how greenhouse gases work69. what is the effect of atmosphere?a. it only traps the heat of the sun.b. it makes the earth neither too hot nor too cold.c. it works the same way as greenhouse gases.d. it prevents all the light from the sun shining on the earth.70. what is the main idea of the third paragraph?a. although greenhouse effect is necessary, too much of it causes us to die.b. human beings are likely to disappear from the earth.c. crops cant take the heat if there is greenhouse effect.d. if there is greenhouse effect, all the plants will die.71. what will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?a. why cars and buses pollute the air a lot.b. what global warming is doing to the environment.c. what kids can do to help stop global warming.d. who should be responsible for the environmental problems. beijing, april 2-starting from this year, the beijing municipal health bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. with this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. they will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. if people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. if community doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. liang wan, deputy director of the beijing municipal health bureau, made the statement last friday . in addition ,the beijing municipal health bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes,cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . the home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. they will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .the work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in beijing. the disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. it is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in beijing .26. where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ?a. the community clinics. b. large hospital .c. private clinic . d. small hospital .【答案】a 【解析】细节理解题。根据if people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first.如果有人病了首先去社区诊所看病，故选a。27. which of the following is not true according to the passage?a.the medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident. b. the home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid.c. some funds will be provided by beijing municipal health bureau for home medical service training.d. the government aims to offer the home medical service for free.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据选项abc短文中都已经提到，短文中没有提到政府是无偿地提供家庭医疗服务，故选d。 28. if you want to work as a home medical worker, you need to _.a. receive the training about medical service.b. pass related examinations.c. obtain the work certificates. d. all the above.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据train home medical service workers for families 及these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates.首先参加专门的培训，然后通过考试获得工作资格证书，故选d。29. what can we learn from the passage?a. all communities in beijing have started home medical service.b. people in beijing will not easily get ill.c. medical service in beijing will be promoted greatly in the future.d. the other cities in china should learn from beijing.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据it is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in beijing .在北京的医疗服务将在未来会逐步推广，故选c。30. the main purpose of the passage is _a. to introduce community service in beijing.b. to report home medical service available in beijing.c. to provide some efficient treatments for diseases in community.d. to describe a special medical team in beijing.【答案】b【解析】作者意图题。根据短文的大意可知报道了北京的家庭医学服务，故选b。阅读理解 today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. they are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. this movement from rural(乡下的) areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years. in many countries, the main reason people come to live in towns and cities is work. after one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. there is usually a residential area nearby, too. the families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so many people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows. in every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. in the united states, this area is usually in the city center downtown. it is here that you can see many huge skyscrapers(摩天大楼) and office blocks. the people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city center. some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. there are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need. but what is the future of the big cities? will they continue to get bigger and bigger? perhaps not. some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.72. the underlined phrase “a residential area” means an area _.a. which is suitable for living inb. which is near a city centerc. where people can do businessd. where people can buy things73. why do people move to live in cities or towns?a. because they can live more comfortably there.b. because they are sure of having a better life there.c. because they mainly want to find work there.d. because they like noisy life better than peaceful life.74. what can we know about the business district?a. its reasonable for a business district without a park for children to play in.b. people usually work and live in the skyscrapers in the cities.c. a business district usually lies not far away from the city center downtown.d. big companies usually have their main offices in the business district.75. we can infer that this movement from rural to urban areas _.a. has been going on for more than 2,000 yearsb. may not continue in the futurec. will surely continue in the futured. has now stopped already参考答案 ai left university with a good degree in english literature, but no sense of what i wanted to do. over the next six years, i was treading water, just trying to earn an income. i tried journalism, but i didnt think i was any good, then finance, which i hated. finally, i got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. i loved working with books, although the job that i did was dull. i had enough savings to take a year off work, and i decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. attending a novel writing ma course gave me the structure i needed to write my first 55,000 words. then i met an agent（代理商）who said i should send my novel out to agents. so, i did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. i felt a little hope that i might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, i finished the second half of the novel. the next problem was finding a publisher. after two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book dealthat publisher turned out to be the one i once worked for. it feels like an unbelievable stroke of luckof fate, really. when you set out to do something different, theres no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where i now have my own name on a contract（合同）of the publisher to be a published writer is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）.56. what does the underlined part in paragraph 1 mean?a. i was waiting for good fortune.b. i was trying to find an admirable job.c. i was being aimless about a suitable job.d. i was doing several jobs for more pay at a time.57. the author decided to write a novel _ .a. to finish the writing courseb. to realize her own dreamc. to satisfy readers wish d. to earn more money58. how did the writer feel halfway with the novel?a. disturbed. b. ashamed. c. confident. d. uncertain.59. what does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?a. it pays to stick to ones goal.b. hard work can lead to success.c. she feels like being unexpectedly lucky.d. there is no end in sight when starting to do something.参考答案 56-59 cbda the most widespread fallacy（谬论）of all is that colds are caused by cold. they are not. they are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. you catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. if cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the eskimos to suffer from them forever. but they do not. and in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported people are free from colds until they come into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mails dropped from airplanes. during the first world war soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches（战壕）, cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds. in the second world war prisoners at the auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. at the common cold research unit in england, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. after taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a drafty（通风良好的）room. some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.if, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter？despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. one explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. 31. the writer offered _ examples to support his argument. a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据根据由第 2 段的两个例子、第 3 段的 1 个例子和第 4 段的两个例子可知 b 为正确选项。32. which of the following is true according to the passage? a. the eskimos suffer from colds from time to time. b. colds are not always ca