高考英语阅读理解基础练习题（27）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习题（27）及答案阅读理解labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. this definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed. labor is one of the countrys resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community.although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. the age distribution (分布) of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. if the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were a balanced spread age distribution. if the population naturally grows rapidly, the number of births greatly exceeds (超出) the number of deaths then as a total population increases proportion of the workforce declines.sometimes a population is described as aging which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. in that situation the population is top-heavy with older people. so the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate. the age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. if the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. if the aged are to be cared for in special homes, finance must be available for that purpose. if the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax revenue (税收) is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or workforce members have to be taxed more heavily. 49. in the passage “labor force” is defined as _. a. people who are available to work and earn income b. self-employed people who have the ability to work c. people who are looking for an employment d. employers who have created job opportunities 50. from the second paragraph we can draw the conclusion that _. a. a natural growth of population always leads to a balanced workforceb. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce c. the larger the population is, the higher the proportion of the workforce will be d. the workforce will be lower if the population has a balanced age distribution 51. when a population is said to be aging，_. a. there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce b. the birth rate in the area must be lower that that of death therec. there should be an oversupply of the workforce members d. there are more people entering the workforce than those retiring52. the population which is top-heavy with older people _ of a country.a. leads to the high rate of unemployment b. results in low tax on workforce members c. affects employees incomes d. places pressure on the economy参考答案49-52 abad 【福建省漳州三中2013一模】beven when youre extremely busy, you arent using your time with 100% efficiency. there are gaps in everyones schedule where they arent doing anything important. even if your schedule has no gaps, there is probably lots of time where you arent working as fast or as effectively as you possibly could.why arent you completely efficient? its because time isnt the limiting factor. if it were the limiting factor, people could work non-stop without breaks. instead, people, even those who are highly productive, need to take breaks, occasionally slow down on tasks throughout the day.the real and most important limiting factor for productivity is your energy levels to pay attention. energy levels limit your productivity because when youre tired, you can have enough time and still not get everything done. your attention ability is also limited, because even if there are a million things that need to be done, you can only focus on one or two at a time.you might not be able to insert another 4-5 hours into your schedule without making some sacrifices. but even extremely busy people can add an hour or two into their schedule without cancelling anything. the reason its hard to “find time” isnt a lack of time. its because you dont have enough energy left to focus on something else that needs to fit into your day.i first suspected time wasnt the real problem during an extremely busy period in my life over a year ago. i was very busy, but at that time i still exercised regularly. i had daily to-do lists with over twenty items, and i still found time to exercise. however, after a few weeks off, due to illness, i stopped exercising. i was not busy, in fact, my schedule was incredibly light. despite this free time, i found it hard to find time to exercise. it seemed to get pushed later and later into my schedule until it was gone. how can i explain this odd experience? i believe you have known it. 60. if someone cant work with 100% efficiency, the most important limiting factor is _. a. a schedule without gaps b. breaks and distractionsc. the limited time d. the limited energy61. according to para.4, everyone, including the extremely busy people, can _.a. work without any rest b. focus on many things at a timec. find some more time in a day d. do some exercise regularly62. the writer gives the example of himself in the last paragraph in order to _.a. prove what the real limiting factor is b. show us how busily he needs to workc. explain how important a healthy body is d. tell us what an odd experience he has63. what is the best title of the passage?a. are you really lack of time? b. how can you work efficiently?c. what makes your energy limited? d. when should you do exercise?【参考答案】60-63、d caa 阅读理解many people have been talking about the way in which the world will come to an end in 2012. everybody wants to find out if december 21, 2012 is the last day of the earth. the rumor has already been spreading for a very long time. the mayans prediction can account for the rumor. according to the rumor, the earth will experience dramatic changes in 2012 and the changes will be disastrous to all of the living creatures on earth. it is widely assumed that a planet x will return to orbit the solar system. the return of planet x will have a destructive effect on the solar system as well as on some planets including the neptune, the jupiter and the earth. planet x will cross into their orbits. theres a possibility that jupiter will change into a little sun at this time, so folks will be well placed to see two suns in the sky in 2012.the solar flares (耀斑) that occur in a 11-year cycle will reach their highest point in 2012. the powerful solar flares will affect the magnetic field of the earth and cause disasters. on december 21, 2012, the sun and the earth will line up in the same line at the equator(赤道). the winter solstice(冬至) only occurs once every 25,800 years. the events in the universe are signals that the world will come to an end. as a result of the solar flares, lots of disasters will happen that will destroy the face of the whole earth. scientists are making the guess primarily based on the mayan long count calendar. many films have been made about the end of the world including end game by alex jones and end clock: nostradamus 2012. the former provides insights about the way the world will become one state. after the world government is in place, its going to be easy to exterminate 80% of the people in the world. the rest will continue to live with assistance from advanced technology.no one knows whether the world will end on december 21, 2012. there is no clear answer until the day arrives. just as the mayans claim, it will not be the time for the world to end. instead, it will be the dawn of a fresh start.53. what is the passage mainly about? a. information about end-of-the-world predictions. b. different opinions about end-of-the-world predictions. c. some doubts about end-of-the-world predictions. d. destructive effects of the end of the world.54. which of the following things will not happen if the end of the world really happens? a. humans will see two suns at the same time. b. the earth will look completely different. c. the earth and the moon will line up in the same line. d. the solar flares will become stronger than before.55. the underlined word “exterminate” in paragraph 3 probably means “_”. a. saveb. killc. helpd. rule56. what is the authors attitude to the rumor that the world will end? a. optimistic.b. sad.c. unconcerned.d. scared. 参考答案53-56 acba levi strauss, who was born in 1830 and went to the usa at the age of 17, sat in the saloon and drank his beer slowly. he began to think. business was not good. nobody wanted to buy anything. he thought about the canvas and the pots and pans on the wagon. then he remembered the hole in hanks trousers. suddenly, he had an idea “pants”, he jumped up and shouted, “everyone needs pants.” he hurried to a tailor and gave him all his canvas.“i want you to make pants with this canvas,” he said. “can you do that?”“yes, of course,” said the tailor, “what name is it?”“strauss, levi strauss.”it was the beginning of jeans. now more than a hundred years later, people wear jeans all over the world and everyone knows the name of levi strauss. in the 1860s, farmers, rail-road workers, cowboys and miners helped to develop the new land. life was hard. they worked for long hours in all kinds of weather. they wore trousers made by levi strauss. they were the first people to wear jeans in america. jeans first came to europe with the american soldiers during world war ii. soon, workers in europe were wearing them. workers liked them: they were cheap, hardwearing and practical. they were not popular with young people generally until the late 1950s and early 1960s.it came suddenly. it started in america and it crossed the atlantic quickly. it was a new kind of music, a new kind of dance. rock n roll. the king of rock n roll was elvis presley. teenagers loved him. at home he wore a t shirt, an old leather jacket and blue jeans, so more and more teenagers began to wear jeans. they liked them tight.57. all the following statements are true except _.a. jeans could first be seen in europe during the second world war b. jeans were not popular with all americans until the late 1950s and early 1960s c. many people all over the world show interest in jeans at the present timed. farmers, railroad workers, cowboys and miners were the first people to wear jeans in america58. which of the following is the right order in jeans spreading?a. more and more teenagers began to wear jeans.b. more than a hundred years later people wear jeans all over the world.c. farmers, railroad workers, cowboys and miners started to wear jeans.d. soon, workers in europe were wearing jeans.e. not until the late 1950s and early 1960s were jeans popular with young people.f. levi strauss had jeans made at 17.a. f,c,d,b,e,ab. c,d,f,e,a,bc. a,c,d,e,b,fd. f,c,d,e,a,b 59. jeans became popular among the teenagers because _.a. they were cheap, hardwearing and practical b. they liked them tightc. their idol liked wearing them d. they came out like a new kind of music or dance60. the best title for the passage can be _.a. levi strauss, first man to invent jeans b. the best trousers jeansc. how jeans comes out and spreads d. reasons for jeans spreading参考答案 57-60 bdcc【福建省漳州三中2013一模】cskating backwards on ice is a bit difficult but once you master the basic, there s nothing like it. follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time stand straightthe first thing that you need to do is, stand straight. if you feel that you are falling backwards, then just put your chin up and slightly bend your knees. dont worry; this happens to allconfidence is what you needthe most important step while learning how to skate backwards, is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing. how can you achieve this? by practice. just practice rolling backwards down a gentle slop every single day or just by pushing off from a wall or something of that sort. if you feel that you are losing your balance, then scissor（做剪式运动）your skates. keep practicing this till you are confident about itmaintain speedconfident now? great! now the next step is to maintain your speedwhile rolling in a straight line with one skate, with the other try sculling（滑浆）, that is, keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke（滑动）. now bring the skate which you were using to scull, and then again, repeat the same process. make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling. now, try the same thing using the other foot. again keep doing this till you are confident enoughincrease your speed nowonce you are confident that you can scull with either