高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（12）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（12）及答案asports is not only physically challenging, but it can also mentally challengingcriticism（批评）from coaches（trainers）, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletesstress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it can lead to burnoutburnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyablethe early years of development are critical years for learning about oneselfthe sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take placeyoung athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their livescoaches and parents should be aware（realize）, at all times, that their feedback（反馈）to youngsters can greatly affect their childrenyoungsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷） in themselvescoaches and parents should also be cautious（careful） that youth sport participation does not become work for childrenthe outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessonsin todays youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sportfollowing a game, many parents and coaches focus on（pay more attention to） the outcome and find fault with youngsters performancespositive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcomeresearch shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticismagain, criticism can create high levels of stress（pressure）, which can lead to burnout1according to the passage sport is positive for young people in that _ait can help them learn more about societybit teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselvescit enables them to find flaws in themselvesdit can provide them with valuable experiences2according to the passage parents and coaches should _ahelp children to win every gamebpay more attention to letting children enjoy sportscenable children to understand the positive aspect of sportsdtrain children to deal with stress3the authors purpose in writing the passage is _ato persuade young children not to worry about criticismbto emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to childrencto discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragementdto teach young athletes how to avoid burnout【参考答案】13、dbb 阅读理解-( d )for eighty four days old santiago had not caught a single fish. at first a young boy, manolin, had shared his bad fortune, but after the fortieth luckless day the boys father told his son to go in another boat. from that time on, santiago worked alone. the boy loved the old fisherman and always helped him with money and food. usually, they would talk about the fish they had taken in luckier times or about american baseball after supper, while at night, alone in his cottage, santiago dreamed of lions on the beaches of africa, where he had gone years before. he no longer dreamed of his dead wife.on the eighty-fifth day, santiago set off to fish before dawn. two of his baits(饵) were fresh tunas(金枪鱼) the boy had given him, as well as sardines(沙丁鱼) to cover his hooks. then he set his lines which went straight down into deep dark water. as the sun rose he saw other boats in toward shore. a bird showed him where dolphin were chasing some flying fish. this time santiago saw tuna jumping in the sunlight. a small one took the hook on his line. pulling the fish aboard, the old man thought it a good fortune. toward noon a marlin, a common fish in the sea, started eating the bait which was one hundred meters down. gently the old man played the fish, a big one, as he knew from the weight on the line. at last he struck to settle the hook. the fish did not come out of the surface. instead, it began to pull the boat to the northwest. the old man followed it. although he was alone and no longer strong, he had his skill and knew many tricks. he waited patiently for the fish to be tired . it was cold after the sunset. when something took one of his remaining baits, he cut the line with his knife. once the marlin leaned suddenly, pulling santiago forward on his face and cutting his cheek. by dawn his left hand was cramped(抽筋的). the fish had headed northward; there was no land in sight. hungry, he cut pieces from the tuna and chewed them slowly.that morning the fish jumped. seeing it, santiago knew he had hooked the biggest marlin he had ever seen. then the fish went down and turned toward the east. santiago drank a little water from the bottle during the hot afternoon. close to nightfall a dolphin took the small hook he had rebaited. he lifted it aboard, careful. after he had rested, he cut meat from the dolphin and kept also the two flying fish he found in its stomach. that night he slept. he awoke to feel the line running through his fingers as the fish jumped. feeding line slowly, he tried to tire the marlin. after the fish slowed its run, he washed his cut hands in sea water and ate one of the flying fish. at sunrise the marlin began to circle. faint, he worked to bring the big fish nearer with each turn. almost exhausted, he finally drew his big fish alongside and drove in the harpoon(鱼叉). the fish was two feet longer than the boat. no fish like it had ever been seen in havana harbor. an hour later, he sighted the first shark, a fierce mako, and it came in fast to chase after the dead marlin. the old man struck the shark with his harpoon. the mako rolled and sank, carrying the harpoon with it and leaving the marlin bloody. he knew the smell would spread. watching, he saw two sharks closing in. he struck at one with his knife and watched it sliding down into deep water. the other he killed while it tore at the flesh of the marlin. when the third appeared, he thrust(刺) it with the knife. the other sharks came at sunset. at first he tried to beat them with the tiller(舵柄) from the boat, but his hands were bleeding and there were too many in the sea. in the darkness, as he steered toward the harbor of havana, he heard them hitting the boat again and again. but the old man thought only of his steering and his great tiredness. he had gone out too far and the sharks had beaten him. he knew they would leave him nothing but the stripped skeleton of the big marlin. all lights were out when he sailed into the little harbor and beached his boat. he could just make out the white backbone and the upstanding tail of the fish. once he fell under their weight and lay patiently until he could gather his strength to go on. in his cottage he fell on his bed and went to sleep. 55. the above story is adapted from _. a. treasure island b. the adventures of tom sawyer c. the old man and the sea d. the son of the sea 56. why did the man feel that he could be lucky this time? a. because a small tuna took the hook on his line. b. because he dreamed about the american lions. c. because he saw many flying fish were chased by the dolphins. d. because a lot of sharks followed his boat.57. according to the text, which statement is not true about manolin? a. the boy had mercy on santiago. b. the boy often shared his stories with santiago. c. the boy showed his great concerns to santiago. d. the boy was santiagos adopted son.58. why does santiago let the marlin lead his boat instead of pulling the big fish up? a. he wanted to kill the marlin first before he pulled it up to the boat. b. he was too tired and hungry to pull the big fish up. c. his experience told him not to do so before the fish was tired out. d. he wanted to use the marlin as a bait to catch the sharks.59. which sentence below can be used to best describe santiagos character?a. “he no longer dreamed of his dead wife.”(para 1) b. “although he was alone and no longer strong, he had his skill and knew many tricks.”(para4) c. “almost exhausted, he finally drew his big fish alongside and drove in the harpoon.”(para7) d. “once he fell under their weight and lay patiently until he could gather his strength to go on .”(para 9)60. according to the text, what will be talked about in the next paragraph? a. the mans action to realize his dream about the lions. b. peoples reflection when they saw the giant marlin outside. c. peoples discussion about how they ate the giant marlin. d. a funeral held by the boy and the local people after his death.【参考答案】55、c 56-60 adcdb 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。acensus figures (调查数据) published last friday indicate that the number of women in management jobs rose by 95% between 1980 and 1990. most evidence shows that women are still in the lowest class of management and in the lowest-paying industries. i first noticed that girls were different from boys when i was about 4 years old. no experiences either in my personal life or in my business life have caused me to change my opinion. throughout my adult life, however, i have had to evaluate again and again these differences between men and women and how they affect the way men and women relate to one another and to the environment in which they work. working with women has given me deep understanding i would never have gained in any other way. women are working at a decided disadvantage in the business world created by men to make things comfortable for men. to me, this means men often understand the rules without having to be taught or even having to think about them. it is not so easy for women. if i may fall back on typically male sports terms, women have had to learn both the game and the game plan at the same time. at least in my own observation, women in business tend to be more honest than men. a direct question to a woman often results in a direct response. this quality makes it more difficult for women to “yes” an employer. it also makes women more trustworthy than the men who often cant, or wont, give a straight answer to a question. women are also more open than men about their feelings, their ambitions, and everyday situations in the office. this makes them easier to be hurt than men. traditionally, women in business have been more severely judged than men. they have had to be better in a job than a man to get ahead. 41what is this passage mainly about?athe unfair treatment the working women suffering in businessbthe differences between working men and womencthe qualities of the working men and womendthe authors pity on the working women42the author mentions the “sports terms” to show that _.awomen are more diligent than menbwomen are often looked down upon by mencwomen are slower in learning new things than mendmen always make things comfortable for themselves43how many good qualities of women are mentioned in the last paragraph?atwo.bthree.cfour.dfive.44which of the following will most probably be the first sentence of the fifth paragraph?afor example, i have interviewed many people for the job of advertising salesperson.banother difference between working men and women is that men take more chances.cof all the differences that i have noticed, one in particular stands out.来源:zxxk.comdon the other hand, men also enjoy more rights than women.【答案】题号41424344456647484950答案adbbbaddaa题号51525354555657585960答案dcbdbbcdad阅读理解-bwhen a couple decides to marry, they naturally inform both sets of parents and stepparents before having a party planned or telling all their friendsthe days are long gone of the man going trembling to the girls father and saying, “ sir, may i have the honor of having the hand of your daughter in marriage?” however, a wise couple always discuss their plans for marriage with their respective families, and a young man often suggests a “financial talk” with his future father-in-law before the latter is faced with the embarrassment of asking for oneeven if a young woman has supported herself and lives away from home, her parents have the right to know how her fianc proposes to handle the long-range financing of their family and homethe fianc should state his income, his savings, and his failure expectations, without overstating any of themengagement parties are given by the parents of the bride-to-be or by a relative of the bride acting for her parents, usually just before the newspaper announcement of the engagementif the bride-to-be and her fianc live in a city other than her parents, it is better for her parents to go to the city than her to go home to them for the engagement partyshe and her fianc will, after all, be partied in her parents hometown during the wedding festivitieshowever, if the family home is not far away, it is proper for the engaged couple to travel there for the announcement partythe young mans family should be invited, tooif the brides parents are no longer living, then a relative or a close friend can give the partyit is usually a simple cocktails party, champagne served for toasts to the engaged coupleif the party is very large, the engaged couple and the girls parents might form a receiving line- but they do not have tothe bride-to-be usually wears her engagement ring officially for the first time on this occasionif she has a gift for the groom-to-be, she gives it to him right before or after the engagement partyfor americans, the traditional engagement ring is a diamond solitaire （单粒宝石）however, today anything goes- a ring with many colored stones, a ring with a large semiprecious stone, an heirloom （传家宝） ring reset in a modern design, or even a stone in the brides family, simply reset in a tiffany settingthe w