高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（32）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（32）及答案阅读理解-cwhy can some people sleep through noises like a honking car or flushing toilet, while others are awakened by the lightest sound?to find the answer, sleep researchers at massachusetts general hospital conducted an unusual study of 12 self-described deep sleepers. after tests confirmed that the healthy volunteers were solid sleepers, they took part in a three-night study in the universitys sleep laboratory. the participants spent the night in a big and comfortable room. but the room also included four speakers positioned near the top of the bed.during the night, the deep sleepers were subjected to 14 different recorded sounds, like street traffic, toilets flushing, an ice machine dispensing and an airplane flying overhead. next door, the researchers monitored their sleep patterns and brain waves.as expected, all of the participants slept relatively well, but there were differences in how they responded to the noisy interruptions. some of the sleepers didnt wake up even when a sound was blasted at 70 decibels (分贝); others were awakened by sounds at 40 or 50 decibels.the researchers discovered that the difference in a sleepers reaction to noise could be predicted by the level of brain activity called “sleep spindles. a sleep spindle is a burst of high-frequency brain activity coming from deep inside the brain during sleep. the source of the spindles is the thalamus, a part of the brain that sends sensory information to the rest of the cortex (皮层).before the study, the massachusetts researchers theorized (推理) that the spindles are the brains way of preventing sensory information from passing through the thalamus and waking the rest of the brain during sleep. they found that the sleepers who experienced the most sleep spindles during the night were also the soundest sleepers and were least likely to be awakened by noise.scientists already know that most people become lighter sleepers with age, most likely because older people experience less “slow wave sleep, which is the deepest stage of sleep. people also produce fewer sleep spindles as they age. but even when controlling for the stage of sleep a person was in, the number of sleep spindles still predicted their risk for awakening because of noise.more research is needed, but the findings suggest that a better understanding of sleep spindles could lead to new behavioral or drug therapies for people with sleep disorders. for instance, future studies may try to determine whether diet, exercise or other behaviors may influence the number of sleep spindles a person produces during the night. 8. some participants can sleep well through loud noises mainly because _.a. their brains dont respond to outside noisesb. their brains react differently to noisesc. they adapt to the environment quicklyd. they dont pay attention to the monitors9. scientists believe that the key to affecting deep sleep is _. a. sleep spindles b. stages of sleep c. sleep disorders d. sensory information10. it can be learned from the passage that _. a. the older a deep sleeper becomes, the lighter his sleep must be b. the more “slow wave sleep” one experiences, the deeper sleep one has c. the more frequently a sleepers brain works, the less information it sends d. the deeper sleep people have, the more likely they will be awakened by noise 11. from the passage we can predict _.a. more factors in influencing sleep spindles may be discovered b. more solid sleepers will take part in relative experimentsc. sleep spindles will be applied to changing ones behaviorsd. deep sleepers will probably enjoy a more healthy life【参考答案】811、bab a 阅读理解-c(2013湖北，c)weve reached a strangesome would say unusualpoint. while fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the world health organization (who), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. whats going on?we really dont have many excuses for our weight problems. the dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point.in the 1970s, finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. not any more. a publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.maybe that explains why the percentage of people in finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. that has become a sort of fashion. no wonder it ranks as the worlds most bodyconscious country.we know what we should be doing to lose weightbut actually doing it is another matter. by far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. more than half of us admit we lack willpower.others blame good food. they say: its just too inviting and it makes them overeat. still others lay the blame on the americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much americanstyle fast food.some also blame their parentstheir genes. but unfortunately, the parents are wronged because theyre normal in shape, or rather slim.its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. parents are eager to see their kids shape up. do as i saynot as i do.文章大意：本文讲述的是世界上的人们，因为生活变好，而导致的肥胖问题已经成为一个日益严峻的问题，本文深刻剖析了引起肥胖的各种原因，警醒人们要以健康为重。9what is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?athe good life is a greater risk than the bad life.bstarvation is taking more peoples lives in the world.cwho report shows peoples unawareness of food safety.doverweight issue remains unresolved despite whos efforts.答案：a推理判断题，第一段主要讲述人们在为了消除世界饥饿问题而大伤脑筋之时，过度肥胖却是另外一个更令人头痛的事情，甚至比饥饿问题更加严峻，因此选a。10why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?aa lot of effective diet pills are available.bbody image has nothing to do with good food.cthey have been made fully aware of its dangers.dthere are too many overweight people in the world.答案：c细节理解题，根据文章the dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns可知，此事已经深入人心。11the example of finland is used to illustrate _.athe cause of heart diseasebthe fashion of body shapingcthe effectiveness of a campaigndthe history of a bodyconscious country答案：c细节理解题，根据文章的not any more. a publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades可知，这场运动使得这个问题的解决起了很大的作用，因此选c。12which would be the best title for the passage?aactions or excuses? boverweight or underweight?cwho in a dilemma dno longer dying of hunger答案：a整体理解题，本文主要论述了人们对于肥胖的各种借口和理由，却没有意识到我们应该采取行动去解决这个问题，由its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. parents are eager to see their kids shape up可以得出暗示。阅读理解-d(2013陕西，d)about 30 years ago, i left cuba for the united states with my son. after getting settled finally in brunswick, new jersey，i enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. several weeks later, my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his office.in the teachers office, and exchange of greetings was followed by his questions: “is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”was he talking about my wonderful scola? no, no, it cant be. what a helpless, lonely moment! i told him that scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. i asked him why he was asking me all these questions.my son could not follow the teachers directions, he told me, and thus, scola was disrupting the class. didnt he know my son did not speak english yet?he was angry: “why hasnt your son been taught to speak english? dont you speak english at home？”no, i didnt speak english at home, i replied. i was sure my son would learn english in a couple of months, and i didnt want him to forget his native language. well, wrong answer! what kind of person would not speak in english to her son at home and at all time? “are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society？”needless to say, i tried to tell him i was not one of “those people.” then he told me the meeting was over, and i left.as i had expected, my son learned to speak english fluently before the school year was over. he went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. he travels widely and leads a welladjusted, contented life. and he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other placessomething very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” i met in new jersey.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，通过了一位新移民及其儿子的经历讲述了掌握两门语言的好处。13the teacher asked the author to his office_.ato discuss scolas inclass performancebto get scola enrolled in kindergartencto find a language partner for scoladto work out a study plan for scola答案：a细节理解题。由第四段可以看出老师让家长去办公室是谈论scola的课堂表现。故选a项。14what does the underlined word “disrupting” in paragraph 4 probably mean?abreaking.bfollowing.cattending.ddisturbing.答案：d词义推测题。由上文“我的儿子不能跟上老师的指导”，因此scola在扰乱课堂，故选d项，disturbing打扰，扰乱。15the authors attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as_.acritical bcasualcpositive dpassive 答案：c作者态度题。由文章最后两段，特别是he has benefited from being bilingual可知作者对于双语持肯定的态度，故选c项。16this text is likely to be selected from a book of _.amedicine beducationcgeography dhistory答案：b推理判断题。本文讲述了掌握双语的好处，所以可能出自一本关于教育的书。阅读理解-drays wedding had gone off smoothly. everyone seemed to have had a good time. a few people had too good a time; they went home with designated (指派的) drivers. all evening, the gift table remained unguarded. who would steal anything, ray thought. he had never heard of such a thing happening at a wedding. but his best friend aaron said there was a first time for everything. he strolled out regularly from the inside festivities (庆祝) to check on the gift table, making sure no one suspicious was hanging around it. ray and julia went on a 3-week honeymoon to italy right after the wedding. when they got back, they opened all the gifts and sent out thank-you notes. but there was one problem. a married couple that used to be good friends had apparently given nothing. this surprised julia, because walt and mary said they were thrilled to be invited. and, they actually seemed to have had a great time at the wedding. frankly, ray didnt even care if they hadnt given a gift. he just needed to know whether to send a thank-you note. ray called aaron. aaron said maybe walt had left an envelope on the gift table like aaron had. “yes, but we got your envelope with the cash inside,” ray said. “maybe my envelope looked too thin, and some thief thought walts envelope looked nice and fat.” aaron asked ray if he had looked everywhere for walts gift. had he called up the wedding site to see if anything had been left behind? ray said that he had looked everywhere and made a lot of calls that were fruitless. ray didnt know what to do. if he sent walt and mary a thank-you note for a gift they hadnt given, they would be insulted. if he didnt send them a thank-you note for a gift they had given, they would get angry. “what would you do?” ray asked. aaron said he would call walt up and tell him the problem. “you cant go wrong with simply being honest,” aaron said. “oh, yes, you can,” ray contradicted him. “sometimes its best to let sleeping dogs lie.” but he thought about it, and finally decided that aaron was right. he called walt and told him the problem. walt said that yes, he had given an envelope. in fact, the envelope contained $500 cash. “$500?!” ray asked. “