高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（57）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（57）及答案阅读理解i have been passionate about sewing and fashion design since i was 12. two years ago, i designed and made a set of outfits from recyclable materials for a charity fashion show. through this highly meaningful and profound experience, i became aware of the importance of protecting and preserving our environment when designing and making fashion items, resulting in my founding an organization to promote eco friendly, design and fashion.my interest has led me to research areas of fashion that have environmental implications. for example , some popular clothing stores have announced marketing policies designed to improve the environment. for those of us who are eco - conscious, it is responsible for us to evaluate whether such policies are just a marketing promotion, or represent great efforts to protect our environment.three chain - stores, h&m, urban outfitters and forever 21 ,have been promoting green items. after i examined their products, i have concluded that h&m and urban outfitters are truly helping the environment with their efforts, while forever 21 seems to be using the go green trend as a way to sell more products, rather than genuinely help the environment.of these three stores, h&m has the most extensive eco -fashion plans. it is already well on its way to carrying out its plans by increasingly mixing organic cotton into their garments, as well as putting fully organic cotton items on the market. the store also belongs to the organic exchange organization, which approves of growth of organic cotton. to reduce the harm from non - organic cotton production, h&m is involved with the better cotton project. mindful of the unfavorable effects of climate change, the store aims to minimize transportation and energy usage. h&m labels their eco -friendly products with an official symbol, the flower, to represent a production system that is less harmful than most traditional processes. because of these actions and policies, h&m is already well on its way to making a difference on the environment.with its urban renewal brand, urban outfitter takes a different approach than h&m in promoting eco - friendly fashion. the brand features women s clothes made from strictly environmentally -friendly sources, such as vintage, dead stock, or surplus clothing. urban renewal produces fashionable garments, and embraces being eco - friendly through recycling.unlike the other two stores above, forever 21 s eco - fashion efforts fall short; some people would say their message is thoroughly misleading. it promotes the green image, and yet many of their supposed eco -friendly products do not help the environment. for example, it sells a think green tote that, according to the site, is meant to send an environmentally friendly message. however it is made of 100% non - organic cotton which is one of the most damaging fabrics to the environment, mostly because it requires greater chemical intervention compared to organic cotton. also, the i love my planet tote is supposed to make a positive statement, but is also made of 100% cotton that is not organic. the only tote that is environmentally - friendly is the h81 organic cotton tote from forever 21 s heritage brand, made from 100% organic cotton. now that forever 21 has portrayed itself as being green, it should start walking the walk. 67. the underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _.a. all the customers are trying not to walk into the forever 21 to buy products b. the forever 21 has already been on its way to transform its negative image c. the writer publicly urges the forever 21 to put its campaign into practice d. the environmental problem is so serious that we should pay more attention68. which of the following supports the authors opinion?a. the author s environmental awareness comes from his shopping experiences. b. none of the three stores makes a difference on the ecological protection. c. someone uses the go green trend just as a trick to make more profit. d. it is still a very long way before we humans will use real green products.69. the passage is developed by _. a. showing cause and effect b. giving concrete figures c. making comparison and contrast d. using time order70. which of the following statements can be the best title? a. does the trend of eco - friendly help the environment? b. green products are common in fashion stores. c. a survey of eco - friendly design on fashion markets. d. are chain stores in fashion really going green?68【答案】c 【解析】依据第三段最后一句while forever 21 seems to be using the go green trend as a way to sell more products, rather than genuinely help the environment.可知，forever 21标榜为“绿色环保”只是为了更好地卖出产品，并非真正的保护环境，c项是正确的。依据第一段第二句，作者从设计中体会到环保的重要性，可知a错误；从第四、五段可看到，h&m 和urban outfitter 是有环保意识的，得出b和d都是错误的。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。69【答案】c【解析】文章第一、二段描述自己的环保意识和责任，第三、四、五、六分别以比较的方式描述了三家公司是否环保，因此c项是正确的。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。70【答案】d【解析】文章作者主要是通过对比和比较三家公司的产品是否环保来得出，许多标有“绿色环保”的产品是不是都名符其实，结果是有的公司确实有环保意识，并且付诸行动，有时只是借着“绿色环保”的牌子来更好地出售自己的产品，因此d正确。【考点定位】考查标题总结题。阅读理解on august 26, 1999, new york city experienced a torrential downpour. the merciless rain caused the streets to flood. new york citys subway system came to a screeching stop as the subway stations were drowned in water. unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour.many people who were going to work were trapped and forced to go home. some battled with fellow new yorkers to hail a cab or to get on a bus. still others braved the storm, walking miles to get to work.i happened to be one of the people on their way to work that morning. i went from subway line to subway line only to find that most service had stopped. after running around like crazy and making my way through crowds of people, i finally found a subway line that was operating. unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to board the subway that i could not even get down the stairs to the platform. determined to get to work, i decided to take the train uptown several stops and then switch back to the downtown train. it was annoyance, but it paid off. however, the train got more packed at each stop. people pushed and shoved. i was constantly hit with elbows and bags. finally, after what seemed like an eternity (no end), the train reached my stop.but the journey was not over yet. i would still have to walk several blocks to get to my office. when i finally got to work, i was completely soaked and left a puddle of water everywhere i sat. i was also exhausted (tired out) and discouraged from my commute.my coworkers and i spent most of the day drying off. when 5：00 rolled around, i was ready to go home. i was about to log off my computer when i received an email from garth, my deputy director：i would like to thank all those who made the effort and eventually reported to work. it is always reassuring, at times like these, when employees so clearly show their devotion to their jobs. thank you.his email was short, but i learned more from that brief message than i ever did from a textbook. the email taught me that a few words of appreciation can make a big difference. the rainstorm and the transit troubles had made me miserable. but garths words immediately invigorated me and put a smile back on my face. as a matter of fact, his email made the whole subway painful experience all worthwhile.august 26, 1999 may have been one of the darkest days in new york city history, but it was one of the brightest days in my life thanks to garth. 5the subway system in ny came to a sudden stop because _.a. most of its service had stoppedb. it was flooded by busy travelersc. it was during a morning rush hourd. its stations were covered with water6how did the writer get to her office?a. by pushing in the stairs to the platform.b. by switching trains in a roundabout way.c. by battling with people to hail a taxi.d. by walking miles to get to the office.7the underlined word “invigorated” probably means _.a. inspired b. expectedc. liberated d. convinced8which is the best title for the passage?a. a downpour in midsummer.b. a lesson from a rainy day.c. an appreciation of a misery.d. a dark day in new york history.答案1999年8月26日那天因为纽约雨下得大，交通几乎完全停滞，上班不便，而作者费了很大的劲，终于成功地赶到了单位，但因为浑身湿透了什么事情也干不成。下班时收到了上司的电子邮件，上司夸奖了自己，顿时路上的辛苦疲劳全部消失，备感欣慰。5d。细节理解题。依据文章第一段第二句中的“new york citys subway system came to a screeching stop as the subway stations were drowned in water.”可知d项正确。6b。细节理解题。依据文章第三段第五句中的“i decided to take the train uptown several stops and then switch back to the downtown train. it was annoyance, but it paid off.”可知作者是乘车绕道去上班的。7a。词义推断题。依据下文的“as a matter of fact, his email made the whole subway painful experience all worthwhile.”可知，上司的邮件让作者备受鼓舞，备感欣慰。故a项合理。8b。主旨大意判断题。本文作者通过讲述自己在一个雨天的经历，告诉我们她在这次经历中的收获，因此b项合理。本文是总分结构。阅读理解-a(福建质量检测)as demand for power and fuel grows steadily in the coming decades, we must consider every possible energy source on hand if were to meet the worlds needs. and because clean natural gas is found in great plenty, there is little doubt that it will play a major role on the world energy stage in this century, much like oil did in the last. but, like oil, gas reserves are concentrated in just a few places in the world, usually far from where theyre needed most. and thats only part of the challenge. the world has had well over 100 years to search for oil and to build the necessary facilities(设施) to bring it to market; the natural gas facilities, particularly when it comes to liquefied(液化的) natural gas (lng), are not nearly as developed.so what needs to be done? on the supply side, producing nations need policies that allow better development of their natural gas in an open, stable business environment, not one in which the rules of the game change without warning. the governments of consuming nations, on the other hand, must make policies for sustainable (可持续的) development to ensure theyll have enough supplies in the future. that means building the related facilities, including lng stations. this, in turn, will require coastal areas to allow these necessary, but not necessarily pretty, facilities to be built in their backyards. and energy companies have a responsibility to be good neighbors in those areas by operating these facilities responsibly and safely. they must also continue to put in the billions of dollars needed to build the complex transport and storage facilities required to bring more gas to market.expanding and diversifying(使多样化) energy sources by using more natural gas could lead to lower fuel prices and to greater energy security. weve taken some of the steps to get started, but we need your help to get the rest of the way.语篇解读：随着社会的发展，煤、石油等传统能源已经很难满足人们的需求，这就需要我们更好地开发和利用其他能源。而天然气无疑将为解决能源短缺问题发挥重要作用，因此应加快对其开发和利用。10which of the following is true according to the passage?agas played a major part in the 20th century.bnatural gas facilities are far from satisfactory.cgas reserves are widely spread around the world.dnecessary facilities are ready to bring gas to market.解析：推理判断题。由第一段最后一句的“the natural gas facilities. are not nearly as developed.”可知b项正确。答案：b11the underlined word “one” (in paragraph 2) refers to _.aa gas supply sideba business environmentca gas consuming nationda policy for gas development解析：代词指代题。根据one前面的an open, stable business environment以及one 后面的定语从句可推知one指代的是b。答案：b12consuming nations of natural gas need to _.achange the rules of the gamebopen markets in their backyardscbuild pretty facilities along the coastdhave longterm policies for gas supply解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句可知，使用天然气需要长远的政策，以保证可持续发展，故答案为d。答案：d13the main purpose of the passage is to _.awarn people of the lack of power and fuelbdiscuss the importance of oil and natural gasccall for better use and development of natural gasdinstruct people how to make use of energy sources解析：写作意图题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，作者写作本文的目的是号召人们更好地开发利用天然气。答案：c14the passage might be followed by a paragraph about _.awhat kind of help you can offerbwhere energy sources are concentratedcwhich countries are in great need of gasdwhat problems of energy sources we may face解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“weve taken some of the steps to get s tarted, but we need your help to get the rest of the way.”可知，接下来作者最有可能讲述读者可以提供哪些帮助，故答案选a。答案：a。 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。aeach morning grandpa was up early sitting at the kitchen table, reading his book. his grandson wanted to be just like him and tried to copy him in every way he could.one day the grandson asked, “grandpa, i try to read the book just like you, but i dont understand it, and i forget what i understand as soon as i close the book. what good does reading the book do?”the grandpa quietly turned from putting coal in the stove and replied, “take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.” the boy did as he was told, but all the water leaked out before he got back to the house. the grandpa laughed and said, “youll have to move a little faster next time,” and sent him back to the river with the basket to try again.this time the boy ran faster, but again the basket was empty before he returned. out of breath, he told his grandpa that it was impossible to carry water in a basket, so he went to get a bucket instead.the grandpa said, “i dont want a bucket of water; i want a basket of water. youre just not trying hard enough.” the boy again dipped the basket into the river and ran hard, but when he reached his grandpa the basket was empty again. out of breath, he said, “grandpa, its useless !”“so, you think it is useless?” the grandpa said, “look at the basket.” the boy looked at the basket and for the first time he realized that the basket was different. it had been transformed from a dirty old coal basket and was now clean.“grandson, thats what happens when you read the book. you might not understand or remember everything, but when you read it, youll be changed, inside and out.”【文章大意】本文是篇记叙文，讲述的是一个小男孩模仿他爷爷读书，可是每次合上课本后都不知道读了些什么，于是他就去问他爷爷，读书有什么好处?他爷爷让他带着装煤的篮子去打水可是每一次无论他跑多快到家篮子里面都没有水，于是他给他爷爷说用竹篮打水是没有用的，他爷爷让他看看篮子，这才发现篮子比以前干净了。到了最后他爷爷告诉他：读书的时候你可能没有理解或记住内容，但是读书能够从你外到内改变你。56. what puzzled the grandson most was _.a. whether it was useful to read books b. why he forgot what he read soon c. what kind of book he could understandd. how he could read books like his grandpa57. why did grandpa ask his grandson to fetch a basket of water? a. to train him to run faster. b. to clean the dirty basket in the river. c. to punish him for not reading carefully.d. to get him to realize the use of reading books.58. what lesson can we learn from the story? a. the old are always wiser than the young. b. it is foolish to carry water with a basket. c. reading books can change a person gradually.d. you cant expect to remember whatever you read. a child sits at his desk waiting for the teacher to hand back his test and praying that it is not sprayed with red marks.fellow students in the classroom know a paper that has several red markings on it will usually receive a lower grade. the child with many red markings on his test will quickly fold the paper and stuff it into his desk in the hope that no one saw his test.there is an education movement to retire the reds for the softer colors of purple, green, and blue pens to mark students work. many educators understand the psychological harm the constant red markings on the paper do to a childs selfesteem. after a child receives his test back with countless red markings there is a rare chance he will bother to find out his errors. it is too embarrassing in the classroom to examine his errors and also many children do not want to show their parents their red stained test.the purpose of grading a paper or test is to identify the childs weakness and offer suggestions to improve their ability in a specific subject. red markings are too bold for the students to calmly understand their errors; instead they become agitated(气恼的) and begin their selfcriti