高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（41）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（41）及答案阅读理解 “old wives tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. for example，most of us remember our parents telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. is there any truth in these teachings? some of them agree with present medical thinking，but others have not passed the test of time.did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. garlic(蒜)is good for you，too. it can kill the type of virus that causes colds.unfortunately, not all of moms advice passed the test of medical studies. for example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. but research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. do sweets cause tooth problems？well, yes and no. sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs dont hold_water,_there is still a lot of truth in the old wives tales. after all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. we should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.【文章大意概括】我们大多数人都记得父母告诉我们要吃某些食物或者不要去做某些事情。这些告诫是对的吗？实际上，其中一些是与现在的医学思想相符合的，而另外一些却经不起考验。文章举了例子，并指出即便当我们寻找明确的科学证据来证明它的对错时，我们也应该尊重这类知识。1、which of the following is true according to the text?a. eating garlic is good for our eyes.b. sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.c. swimming after a meal is dangerous.d. carrots prevent people from catching colds.【详解剖析】事实细节题。从第三段最后一句sticky sweels made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.可以看出，sticky sweets的确可以对牙齿造成危害。【最佳选项】b2、the author develops the third paragraph mainly_.a. by cause and effectb. by order in spacec. by order in time d. by examples【详解剖析】推理判断题。第三段第一句是主题句。随后，举了饭后一小时内游泳和吃糖这两个例子来证明主题句。因此，这一段是通过举例来构成段落的。【最佳选项】d3、the phrase“ hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“_”a. to be believable b. to be valuablec. to be admirable d. to be suitable【详解剖析】猜测词义题。从最后一段第一句可知，虽然科学告诉我们有一些传统观念不可信，但是这些老妈妈们的说法还是有一些正确的地方。hold water指“可信的”。【最佳选项】a4、what is the authors attitude toward“old wives tales”in the text?a. subjective. b. objective.c. dissatisfied. d. curious.【详解剖析】推理判断题。纵观全文，作者既指出了一些传统说法的正确性，又说明了一些传统观念没有科学依据。尤其是文中最后一段作者表明了对这些观念的尊重，因此可以看出作者的态度是客观的。【最佳选项】b (2012广西老牌高中一调)helping children identify their interests can be a fun and exciting time for parents. you will be able to participate in several different things to help your children widen their interests and develop connections with other children. your children need to identify their interests so they can make friends and start planning out their future. some interests will be able to help your children get scholarships(奖学金)to college and they can even help them with their careers some day.children need to use their imagination and expand their learning ability. during the summer months, enroll(使加入)your children in summer youth camps that teach a variety of programs. tell them that they need to participate in at least 3 classes to see if there is something they really enjoy. if they still are resistant after that time, allow them to enroll in a different program that they want to try. some children need to attend the class more than once to determine if they are comfortable there and if they really like it.ask your children if they would like to bring along a brother or sister or friend with them to the new activity. when children have to face new challenges, it is often easier for them to do so if they have someone else with them, it will help to reduce their unwillingness and anxiety.when you take them to a place with other children, help them make friends. children learn from your behavior and they may not understand how to approach other children. seeing that their parents are comfortable with one another, they will let down their guard and may have an easier time socializing with other children of their ages.文章大意：孩子的兴趣爱好作用巨大。怎样帮孩子找到自己的兴趣爱好呢？63whats the passage mainly about?a.how to help children get scholarships.b.how to help children find new friendships.c.how to help children develop wider interests.d.how to help children develop their learning ability.64a child needs to participate in at least 3 classes because_.a.it can help him make more friendsb.it can help him find his real interestc.he wont easily get bored in different classesd.he can develop learning ability in different classes65bring a brother or sister or friend to a new activity can help a child_.a.deal with new challenges easilybenjoy a more happy timec.learn more new skillsdget rid of loneliness66what can we learn from the last paragraph?a.parents should leave their children in a new environment.b.its easy for children to socialize with other children of their ages.c.children prefer to make friends with children older than themselves.d.parents play an important role in helping their children make friends.63答案：c主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要是围绕第一段所提出的发展孩子的兴趣爱好这一话题展开的，故答案选c。64答案：b细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第四句话“tell them they need to participate in at least 3 classes to see if there is something they really enjoy.”可知，这样做的目的是帮助孩子找到他们的兴趣所在。65答案：a细节理解题。由文章第三段可知，让孩子带一个朋友或者兄弟姐妹一起参加某项活动，遇到新的挑战时，他可以更容易地应对。66答案：d细节理解题。由文章最后一段可推知，父母可以帮助孩子克服在新环境下存在的心理上的障碍，帮助他们交朋友。*结束阅读理解it is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. but in order to work up the desire to rewrite，it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage.i am surprised at the number of famous writers i know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers opinions. one reason we may dislike reading our own work is that were often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. jerry fodor and steven pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work. different from popular belief, we do not usually think in the words and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas (known as “mentalese” ) , and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language.but while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry (织锦), writing can only be composed one thread at a time. therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. it is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produce new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.when people write as if some strict critics (批评家) are looking over their shoulder, they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. pierre elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem.when writing we should have two different minds. at the first stage, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it, as wonderful and worth putting down. it is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.【文章大意概括】作者感到奇怪的是，很多著名的作家不喜欢看自己写的作品。分析原因，其中之一便是，写的时候，头脑里面的构思非常不错，可是一旦写出来以后，却往往发现与本意有很大的不同。1、what do we learn from the text about those famous writers?a. they often regret writing poor works.b. some of them write surprisingly much.c. many of them hate reading their own works.d. they are happy to review the publishers opinions.【详解剖析】细节理解题。由第二段第一句话可知答案为c。【最佳选项】c2、what do people generally believe about the way human minds work?a. people think in words and sentences.b. human ideas are translated into symbols.c. people think by connecting threads of ideas.d. human thoughts are expressed through pictures.【详解剖析】细节理解题。由第三段第一句话可知答案为a。【最佳选项】a3、what can we conclude from the text?a. most people believe we think in symbols.b. loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable.c. the writers and critics can never reach an agreement.d. thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work.【详解剖析】推理判断题。综观全文可知，思考和写作是大脑工作的不同阶段。【最佳选项】d (2012成都一诊)there are a lot of things that happen to me in china but would certainly never happen in the us. one of those things is being called “strong”the first time was last december. i was walking across the high school campus in guangzhou where i taught when a student in a gray scarf waved hello. i smiled and waved back, but then she stopped and called my name. “youre so strong！” she smiled and pointed at what appeared to be my arm.i looked down at my arms. lets get one thing clear: im a very skinny guy. once, while rehearsing for a high school talent show, i was told by the teacher in charge that i couldnt participate in the mens shirtless dance routine because my visible rig cage(胸腔) would frighten the audience. “im so what？” “youre so strong！” she repeated. “um, thanks！” i didnt know what else to say, so we both waved goodbye.the next morning i stepped into my oral english classroom only to be greeted instantly by a unanimous(异口同声的) “waaa！” of shock and admiration. “what？” i asked. “youre so strong！” shouted a boy from the back of the class. “okay, will someone tell me what that means？” i was curious as to the real reason for such praise. so i turned to the monitor, gesturing for him to speak. “we just mean, you look very strong today，” he offered earnestly. “what？！ you mean like this？” i curled(卷起) my arm like a bodybuilder. “no! but its so cold, and youre only wearing a shortsleeve shirt.”oh, i got it. my “strength” had less to do with my muscle and more to do with my apparent ignorance of the cold weather.文章大意：我是一个很瘦的人，可是学生们却说我“strong”，这是怎么回事呢？67from the passage we can learn that the author is_.a. a chinese student b. an american studentc. a chinese teacher d. an american teacher68the author used the example of being refused to join in the dance routine to show that_.a. many people worry about his bad healthb. he is as strong as a body builderc. actually he isnt physically strong at alld. being called “strong” often happens to him69the underlined word “she” in the 4th paragraph refers to_.a. the girl he met on the campus b. the teacher in charge of the dance routinec. the girl who joined in the rehearsingd. a stranger he met on the way to work70which of the following is the best title for this passage?a. the chinese culture or the western cultureb. am i strong or do i need a sweaterc. how i can get stronger in winterd. how we can tell two different cultures apart67答案：d推理判断题。由第一段第一句话可知，作者是美国人；由第二段第二句话“i was walking across the high school campus in guangzhou where i taught when a student in a gray scarf waved hello.”可知，我是广州一所大学的老师。68答案：c推理判断题。第三段论述的中心是“lets get one thing clear: im a very skinny guy.”，即我并不强壮；而所举例子正是为论证这一观点的。69答案：a猜测词义题。由前文可知，此处的she指的就是在校园向我问好的那个女学生。70答案：b主旨大意题。全文讲述了作者对学生说作者“strong”的误解，此处的strong并不是身体强壮，而是不怕寒冷之意。所以b项符合。*结束 (2012济南二月月考)the western alphabet, which is used in europe, the america, africa, australia and new zealand as well as in other countries, originated in the middle east. the people who gave the world this alphabet were the phoneacians, a people who established colonies all over the mediterranean, including carthage in africa and gades in spain. in their alphabet, the letters were represented by little pictures which represented sounds. the phoneacian a was aelph, which means “bull”， and it was made from a little picture of a bulls head. the letter b was beth which meant “house”， and showed the roundroofed buildings which you can still see today in syria.the phoneacians had contact with another nation of sailors, the greeks, with whom they fought and traded. the greeks also started to use the phoneacian alphabet. they changed the names, so aelph and beth became alpha and beta. the shapes of the letters are the same, but they have been turned sideways. if you know any greek, you can try turning the letters around again, and see how they look. you will see that the curve on the right of the greek a becomes the horns of a little bull. of course, the first two letters of the alphabet give it its name. over the years there have been changes. latin developed an alphabet with some different letters to the greeks, and other letters have been added since. b