高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练19（含解析）(1).doc

2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练（19）阅读理解-athe young man arrived on the massachusetts beach early carrying a radio, a shovel, and a strange set of tools: a brick layers trowel, a palette knife, spatulas, spoons, and a spray bottle.he walked down near the waterthe tide was output down the radio and tuned it to soft rock. then he shoveled wet sand into a pile nearly four feet high and as many feet across. then he created a rectangular（长方形的）shape.after that, he set to work with palette knife, spatulas, and spoons. he shaped a graceful tower, topped walls, fashioned beautiful bay windows, and carved out big front gate.the man knew his sand. he smoothly finished some surfaces and embroidered（雕刻）artistic designs on others. as the shapes began to dry, he gently kept them slightly wet with water from the spray bottle, in case they might break in the wind.all this took hours. people gathered. at last he stood back, obviously satisfied with a castle worthy of the austrian countryside or disneyland.then he gathered his tools and radio and moved them up to drier sand. he had known for a while what many in the rapt（全神贯注的） crowd still overlooked: the tide was coming in. not only had he practiced his art with confidence and style, he had done so against a powerful, immutable（不可抗拒的）deadline.as the crowd looked on, water began to lap at the base of the castle. in minutes it was surrounded. then the rising flood began to eat into the base, walls fell, the tower fell, and finally the gates arch fell. more minutes passed, and small waves erased bay windows and battlementssoon no more than a small part was left.many in the crowd looked terribly sad; some voiced fears and discouragement. but the sculptor（雕塑家） remained calm. he had, after all, had a wonderful day, making beauty out of nothing, and watching it return to nothing as time and tide moved on.1. in this selection, why did the sculptor start early in the day?a. he knew the tide was out on this particular morning.b. it gave time for the crowd to gather.c. he needed the sun to help dry the sand.d. it was easier to begin with only a few people around. 答案解析：答案为a。本题为推理题。文章的开头提到年轻男子一大早带着他的工具来到了沙滩，由第二段的首句 “the tide was out.” 可知潮水已消退, 他进行后面的工作都是在此前提下进行。故答案为a。2. which of the following best shows that the sculptor was an expert?a. he attracted a large crowd. b. he created beautiful details.c. he was able to finish his work. d. he showed satisfaction on his face.答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节推理题。文章的前四段都是在描述年轻男子进行雕塑工作的全过程，选择地点，时间和对工作细致认真，从第三段的 “graceful”、 “ fashioned beautiful” 和第四段的 “smoothly finished”、 “gently kept” 等词都可以看出他的技术熟练。 故答案为b，雕塑家创造的美丽细节证明了他是个专家。3. in this selection, what does the incoming tide signal?a. it is time to begin working. b. it is the busiest time of the day.c. it is the end of a days work. d. it is time for lookers-on to leave.答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节推理题。第六段的第二句话 “the tide was coming in”是设题点，本句后面的 “he had done so against a powerful, immutable（不可抗拒的）deadline.” 其中，deadline告诉我们到来的潮水就是雕塑工作的最后期限，故答案为c。4. how did the lookers-on react when the tide began to come in?a. they tried to save the sand castle. b. they were disappointed to see the art ruined.c. they were nervous about their own belongings. d. they helped the artist finish the castle.答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。从最后一段首句 “many in the crowd looked terribly sad; some voiced fears and discouragement.” 可知, 故答案为b。5. the reader can tell that the sculptors reward for his work is .a. payment for his work b. attention from the crowdc. fame as an artistd. personal satisfaction答案解析：答案为d。本题为推理题。从最后一段 “but the sculptor（雕塑家） remained calm. he had, after all, had a wonderful day, making beauty out of nothing, and watching it return to nothing as time and tide moved on.” 可知，雕塑家对于被潮水毁掉的作品非常镇定，这一天他完成了一件美丽的作品，对于他个人来说，心灵获得了满足。故答案为d。 the establishment of the third reich influenced events in american history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between germany and the united states. the compete destruction of democracy, the persecution of jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the nazis, and especially the plans of germany and her allies, italy and japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. while speaking out against hitlers atrocities, the american people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. the neutrality acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. in 1937 the president was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.american opinion began to change somewhat after president roosevelts “quarantine the aggressor” speech at chicago (1937) in which he severely criticized hitlers policies. germanys seizure of austria and the munich pact for the partition of czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the american people. the conquest of czechoslovakia in march, 1939 was another rude awakening to the menace of the third reich. in august,1939 came the shock of the nazi-soviet pact and in september the attack on poland and the outbreak of european war. the united states attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the third reich. the neutrality act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry” exports of arms to belligerent nations. a strong national defense program was begun. a draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. a lend act (1941) authorized the president to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the united states. help was given to britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish american bases in british territory in the western hemisphere. in august, 1940 president roosevelt and prime minister churchill met and issued the atlantic charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. in december, 1941, japan launched the unprovoked attack on the united states at pearl harbor. immediately thereafter, germany declared war on the united states.1.one item occurring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated the american public wasa the burning of the reichstag.german plans for conquest.c nazi barbarism.d the persecution of religious groups.2.the lend-lease act was designed toa help the british.strengthen the national defense of the united states.c promote the atlantic charter.d avenge pearl harbor.3.american policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as beinga watchful.isolationist.c peaceful.d indifferent.4.the neutrality act of 1939a permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations.antagonized japan.c permitted the british to trade only with the allies.d led to lend-lease act.5.we entered the war against germanya because germany declared war.because japan was an ally of germany.c after germany had signed the nazi-soviet pact.d after peaceful efforts had failed.vocabulary1.reich 帝国，尤指第二次世界大战前及大战期间的德国2.atrocity 凶残，残暴3.belligerent 好战的，交战国的4.discretion 判断力，自行裁决，谨慎5.empower 赋予权力6.embargo 禁运，封港7.quarantine 停船检疫，隔离，封锁，使孤立8.partition 分割，瓜分9.menace 威胁，危险10.repeal 废除，取消11.overage destroyer 旧式驱逐舰12.unprovoked 无缘无故的，非因触犯而发生的13.neutrality acts 中立法令14.munich pact 慕尼黑公约15.draft act 征兵法16.lend lease act 租借法17.atlantic charter 大西洋公约18.pearl harbor 珍珠港写作方法与文章大意文章讲述了第三帝国成立，美国由中立到宣战的一段历史。采用按年代先后进行叙述的写作手法。文章一开始就点明主题：“第三帝国的成立影响了美国历史，从一系列事情开始，最终导致德国和美国交战。”答案详解1.a帝国大厦焚毁，众所周知，这是纳粹希特勒精心策划的一次政治阴谋，旨在迫害德国共产党。b. 德国征服计划。c. 纳粹之残暴。d. 迫害宗教团体。在文中都提到。见第一段第二句“民主的全面摧毁、对犹太人的迫害、摧残宗教、纳粹的残忍和野蛮，特别是德国及其盟国意、日、征服世界的计划激起美国极大愤怒，也带来了对又一次世界大战的恐惧。”2.b 加强美国国防。见第二段导数第五句“1941年的租借法规定：总统对他认为保卫美国所需要的国家有权卖给、交换或借给他们物资。”a. 帮助英国，不对。c. 促进大西洋公约。大西洋公约是1941年8月，罗斯福和邱吉尔会面后的联合公告。d. 报复珍珠港。是1941年日本发起袭击的报复。3.b 与世隔绝。这在第一段第三句“美国人民虽然反对希特勒的凶残等事，他们一般还是喜欢孤立（与世隔绝的）政策和保持中立。1933年和1936年的中立条约规定：禁止和交战国双方贸易和借贷。”a. 观察的。c. 和平的。d. 不正确的。4.a 允许把武器卖给交战国。答案在第二段第六句“1939年的中立条约取消了武器禁运，允许进行现钞交易出口武器给交战国。”b. 和日本敌对。c. 允许英国只能和其盟国贸易。d. 导致租借条约。5.a 因为德国宣战。这在第一段已有说明。尽管希特勒坏事做尽，美国还是倾向于中立政策。第二段罗斯福在芝加哥的演讲，态度稍有改变。严厉批评希特勒的政策，但仍然以中立为主。1941年日本袭击珍珠港，不久德国宣战，美国才不得不参战。阅读理解-bshay asked, “do you think theyll let me play?” shays father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.shays father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if shay could play, not expecting much. the boy looked around and said, “were losing by six runs (分) and the game is in the eighth inning (局).i guess he can be on our team and well try to put him in to bat in the final inning.shay struggled over to the teams bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. the boys saw the fathers joy at his son being accepted.in the bottom of the eighth inning, shays team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. in the top of the final inning, shay put on a glove and played in the field. even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. in the bottom of the final inning, shays team scored again. now, shay was scheduled to be next at bat. would they let shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?surprisingly, shay was given the bat. everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. the first pitch (投) came and shay missed. the pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards shay. as the pitch came in, shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.the pitcher could have easily thrown he ball to the first baseman and shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game .instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates, the audience and the players from both teams started screaming, “shay, run to first!” never in his life had shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked.everyone should, “run to second!” catching his breath, shay awkwardly ran towards second. by the time shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time, could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitchers intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third basemans head.all were screaming，“shay，shay，shay，all the way shay.” shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “shay, run to third.” as shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying, “shay, run home！”shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who t won the game for his team.that day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity into this world. shay didnt make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!( ) 1. not expecting much, shays father still asked the boy if shay could play, mainly because the father _.a. noticed some of the boys on the field were heistingb. guessed his presence would affect the boys decisionc. learned some of the boys on the field knew shay welld. understood shay did need a feeling of being accepted( ) 2. in the bottom of the final inning shay was given the bat because the boys _.a. believed they were sure to win the gameb. would like to help shay enjoy the gamec. found shay was so eager to be a winnerd. fell forced to give shay another chance( ) 3. the smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third basemans head, probably because that boy _.a. was obviously aware of the pitchers purposeb. looked forward to winning the game for his teamc. failed to throw the ball to the second basemand. saw that shay already reached seco