高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（9） 外研版.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（9）及答案 yao yunchun, a 24-year-old author who frequently shops online in hangzhou, zhejiang province, has never been so impatient for her parcels as she is now. she has been counting every day while she waits for the products she ordered to arrive, as many deliveries have been delayed over the past month.“it took more than a week for one of my parcels to arrive from beijing while, in the past, it took only four days,”said yao.she is just one of the many who like shopping on t, the countrys largest online shopping site, which has posted apologetic announcements to customers for the delays in deliveries.“many parcels are still at the airport and cannot be delivered on time, but i think i will do my best.”taobao clothes retailer(零售商) im shop said on its website. meanwhile, major express delivery companies in china have put up notices saying they are ready to cope with the delay in recent days.“it was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,”said chen shousong, an analyst with domestic research company analysis international.taobao mall, the countrys largest business-to-customer shopping site by market share, for example, rolled out a large-scale discount on november 11 in which 150 brands sold their products at half price. the discount attracted the attention of many e-shopping enthusiasts who spent 936 million yuan( $ 142 million) in just one day. the recent shortage of diesel oil, which restricts delivery vehicles capacity, and bad weather conditions in north china, also added to an already overloaded express delivery market.bottlenecks in delivery often appear before long holidays, such as the coming christmas and new year holidays and the chinese traditional spring festival holiday. delivery employees often quit their jobs at that time when faced with lots of work and low pay. so some express delivery companies are applying to build their own teams, even airlines.64. which of the following is the best title for the passage? a. waiting for the postman impatiently b. shopping on t conveniently c. arguing with retailers online heatedly d. suffering from large-scale discounts65. why were many deliveries delayed last month? a. the airport didnt perform their duty properly. b. some customers didnt pay enough money. c. sales volume in online shopping goes up rapidly. d. delivery companies are short of vehicles.【答案】c【解析】根据第三段it was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,送货慢的原因是意为商家打折，网上订单剧增造成的，可知 c为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解能力。66.the underlined word“enthusiasts”has the same meaning with . a. retailers b. customers c. providers d. owners67. what would be continued with the passage? a. to attract more new delivery employees. b. to call off the holiday for the spring festival. c. to stop online shopping before holidays. d. to build e-commerce companies own delivery teams.【答案】d【解析】由文段最后一句一些快递公司正在创建自己的团队和航线可知，接下来文章就应该讲网络商建立自己的快递团队，故d为正确答案。【考点定位】考查作者写作思路推理的能力。pushy parents and teachers who “hothouse” the under-5s risk causing damage to the childrens long term development, a leading educationexpert said.lilian katz, professor of education at the university of illinois, said that four-year-olds engaged in reading and writing went on to perform worse academiclly than those engaged in imaginative learning. they scored higher in tests at the age of 5, but children whose first year at school was stimulating outstripped them four years later. the findings show that the governments structured approach to early years learning could be storing up problems for children. they also raise serious questions about the plan for all children to be able to read by the age of 6. in many countries formal teaching does not start until children are 6 or 7 and have improved their social and manual skills. children start learning to read and write at 6 in the united states. france and germany , and at 7 in finland and sweden. professor katz said that in many schools the courses were boring children to tears. much academic teaching required children to learn by memorizing pieces of information out of context, she said. teaching in reception class should instead allow children to develop their intellect by exploring their environments and asking questions. “research suggests the benefits of formal academic insturction for four-and five-year-olds seem to be promising when they are tested early, but considerably less so in the long term. when these children are followed over a period of three or more years, those who had early experience in more intellectually engaging curricula were more likely to do well in school than their peers, who had received early academic instruction.” she avocates teaching children through first-hand experience and play, in mixed-aged classes. this can include puppet shows,drawing or running a pretend shop in the classroom.13according to the passage, those who “hothouse” the under-5s would probably aperform worse in reading and writing bteach in a lively way to motivate kidsinterest cdevelop the kids intellect by asking questions dpush the kids to memorize pieces of information14what does the underlined word “outstripped” in paragraph 2 mean? adid better than blooked down upon ccaught up with dperformed worse than15according to lilian katz, the governments structured approach to early-years learning ais necessary for improving childrens reading and writing ability bwillbenefit children in the long termcwill cause problems to children in their future learningdhas more advantages than disadvantages16the author delivers a message that formal teaching . acan start at different times in different countries bshould first develop childrens reading and writing skills cis best carried out in finland and swedendshould not be started too early1316、dac d louis palmer has driven 32,000 miles through 38 countries in 17 months to become the first person to travel around the globe in a solar car.palmer, a 36-year-old swiss school teacher, didnt burn a single drop of petrol during his “round-the-world drive”. this is the first time in history that a solarpowered car has achieved such a success. palmer says the car “ran like a swiss watch”, proving that solar energy can be used in transportation.“these new technologies are ready,” said palmer. “the car is ecological, economical, and abslutely reliable.”the three-wheeled “solar taxi” can reach 55 mph, and seat two people comfortably. along the way, palmer offered rides to thousands of people, including u.n.secretary general ban ki-moon and new york mayor michael bloomberg, to promote solar power and raise awareness about global warming.swiss scientists worked with palmer to build the three-wheeled car, which drags a flat-topped trailer with 6 square meters of solar panels. the tour aims at spreading knowledeg about the dangers of global warming and showing that solutions are available to fight global warming.“people love the idea of a solar car,” he said. “i hope the car industry is listeningand will start making electric cars like this one.”next year palmer plans to go around the world in 80 days in vehicles that draw power from renewable sources like gegthermal(地热) and wind.17the main puirpose of palmers travelling around the globe was to . aoffer free rides to thousands of people bmeet ban ki-moon and michael bloomberg cexperience the great joy his solar car brought to him dpromote solar power and raise awareness about global warming18what does palmer mean by saying the car “ran like a swiss watch”? athe car didnt burn a single drip of petrol. bthe car ran much faster than the car burning petrol. cthe techonolgies to make a solar car are ready and reliable. dthe car makes no pollution and is economical.19which of the following is true according to the text? alouis palmer is the first person to travel around the globe. bpalmer hopes the car industry will start making solar cars. c built the three-wheeled solar car by himself dpalmer plans to have another “round-the-world drive”in his solar car.20what would be the best title? aaround the would in a solar car ban ecological swiss teacher ca three-wheeled solar car da solutionto solving global warming1720、dcba if youre planning a trip to the united states, be very careful. you could easily break one of our laws and not know it. according to a law still on the books in glendale, arizona, for instance, you can get arrested for driving in reverse(相反的方向)! you may not sleep in a cheese factory in south dakota. cant legally set a mousetrap in california without a hunting license. tease a skunk in minnesota, or gargle in public in new orleans, louisiana, and they can put you in prison. if you have business in the western state of utah, be especially careful. in particular, dont go whale-hunting there. its illegal. doesnt matter that utah is 1,500 kilometers from the nearest ocean! and be aware while youre in utah that you cannot legally fish from horseback, or refuse to drink milk. these are old, old laws that probably that had some reason behind them that makes no sense today. but nobody ever bothered to take them off the books. why not? well, suppose youre on the council(委员会) in a town that has a law that makes it illegal to blow your nose in public. if you stood up and said that its high time to do away such an old law, the voters would toss you out of office for wasting time on useless matters. and since a lot of these old laws have to do with sex, religious beliefs, and lovely animals, some interest group would probably take offense and make you sorry you opened your mouth. so laws like one in indiana that makes it illegal for monkeys to smoke stay on the books because people are simply too embarrassed to bring them up.5. what of the following can be the best title of the passage? a. law system in america b. tips for traveling in america c. american laws- strange d. some old, old laws in america 6. which of the following is true based on the passage? a. you cant drive in reverse in minnesota. b. you need a hunting license to use a mousetrap in arizona. c. you cant gargle in public in south dakota. d. monkeys are forbidden to smoke in indiana. 7. the writer might feel _ to know going whale-hunting is illegal in utah. a. angry b. disappointed c. funny d. offended 8. what is the main idea of the last paragraph? a. why can these laws stay in the books? b. how did these laws come into the books? c. what should we do with the laws?d. when will the laws be done away? ddca a food additive is any substance that is added to food. many people are put off by the idea of“chemicals in food.”the truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas. some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.the things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. but many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten, and some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food. other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin c is vitamin c, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. like“chemical”,“man-made”doesnt necessarily mean“not fit to eat”.food additives are used for many reasons. we add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shelf life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument. food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe; some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. many people feel theres a risk of eating food to which anything has been added. but food additives are now regulated by the fda of the federal government, and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market. for most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very slim.68. from the passage we can learn that . a. all foods consist of chemical substances b. it is right to reject chemicals in food c. food additives are harmful to our health d. natural foods are much safer than man-made ones【答案】a【解析】由第一段the truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.事实上所有的食物都含有化学物质。可知a为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。69. which of the following is true according to the passage? a. foods with more additives have higher nutritional value. b. to ensure food safety, the fda will ban food additives. c. foods free of additives can keep a much longer shelf life. d. food additives can improve the quality of foods in many ways.【答案】d【解析】由第三段介绍食品添加剂可以防潮，改善品味，提高营养等可知d为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。70.we can infer from the regulation to the food additives by the fda that . a. new additives will be approved more easily than before b. food producers wont be allowed to use new food additives c. food with common-used additives will be taken off the market d. food additives will be used in a safer and more scientific way71. according to the writer, the food additive is . a. worrying b. acceptable c. poisonous d. avoidable we live in a very competitive world. everybody seems to be competing with someone at some level. each week we spend hours playing or watching others compete in sporting activities all over the world. we cannot help being impressed by the level of excellence that these people achieve.in sport and business, competition encourages excellence in performance. where there is no competition, improvement in performance is less likely. some level of competition is a have-to in all aspects of life.the following story makes this point.as two friends are hiking in the forest they come across a huge, ferocious and obviously hungry bear. its next meal has just come into sight, and they are it! the first friend calculates that the bear will catch them in 27.3 seconds. at that point, she panics, realizing there is no escape. she faces her friend, with the fear of death in her eyes. to her amazement, she observes that her friend is not scared at all. on the contrary, her friend is quickly but calmly taking off her hiking boots and putting on running shoes. “what do you think youre doing?”the first hiker says to her companion. “youll never be able to run faster than that bear”. “thats true,” says the companion,“but all i have to do is escape, faster than you.”we all compete when the motivation is strong enough. however, competition is not the real purpose of life. fulfilling the measure of our creati